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Al-Waadih Fee Usool ul-Fiqh by Muhammad Hussein Abdullah

Aqsaam Al-ahliyah (the Categories Of Suitability)

The Ahliyah is divided into two categories: Ahliyah Wujoob and Ahliyah Adaa’.

1 – Ahliyah Wujoob: This relates to the suitability of the human in respect to him having legitimate rights or rights being due upon him. This Ahliyah exists from the time that the human is a foetus in the womb of his mother, then as a baby, child and then Baaligh (i.e. adult/pubescent) Therefore, through life itself the human has rights (Huqooq) and Ahkaam are related to him like the Ahkaam of Al-Irth (inheritance) and Az-Zakaah in respect to his wealth amongst other rulings.

2 – Ahiyah Al-Adaa’: This relates to the suitability of the human in regards to the Takleef in the case where he carries the responsibility of his actions and speech. The Shuroot of this Takleef in the case where the Ahliyah (suitability) is complete in respect to the performance (as a whole) are Al-Buloogh (adulthood), Al-‘Aql (sound mind) and Al-Qudrah (capability). If the Ahliyah is deficient or incomplete in respect to the Adaa’ (performance) then this relates to At-Tamyeez (age of discernment) alone and this starts when the child reaches the age of seven and lasts until he reaches the age of puberty (Al-Buloogh).

Reference: Al-Waadih Fee Usool ul-Fiqh - Muhammad Hussein Abdullah

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