Elements of Shaafi Fiqh by Umar Abdul Jabbaar

The following acts are Sunnah before commencing Salaah.

1. To give Adhaan for all five daily Salaah at their prescribed times during both residing and journey except Fajr. It is Sunnah to give two Adhaan for Fajr. The first one is to be given after midnight while the second one should be given after dawn.

2. To give Iqaamah just before performing the Fardh Salaah.

3. To use Miswaak. It is Sunnah to do Miswaak at any time except fasting person.

He is not permitted to do Miswaak after Zawaal.

4. To place an object in front in order to prevent someone passing by the front.

There are two types of Sunnah in Salaah; Ab’aadh-part of Salaah and Haiaat-form of Salaah.

There are seven Ab’aadh-parts of Salaah. Whoever misses any of them will have to make Sajdhah Assahw at the end of Salaah. The Ab’aadh are as follows:

1. To sit for the first sitting.

2. To read Tashahhud in the first sitting.

3. To read Durood in the first sitting.

4. To send durood to the Prophet Sallalahu Alaihi Wasallam and his family in the final sitting.

5. To read Du’aa Al-qunoot in Fajr Salaah, and in Witr only during the second half of Ramadhaan.

6. To read Qunoot in standing position.

7. To send Durood to the Prophet Sallalahu Alakih Wasallam, his family and the companions while reading Qunoot.

It is to perform two Sajdah at the end of Salaah after reading Tashahhud and before making Salaam.

1. To not perform any Ab’aadh of Salaah.

2. To do something by mistake which invalidates Salaah if done purposely, like uttering a single letter by mistake.

3. To have doubt about Rakaaat. If one has doubt concerning the Rakaat he has performed then he should complete his Salaah on the basis of the Rakaat he has no doubt about and make Sajdah Assahw at the end of Salaah.

4. To perform any Qauli Rukn (2) , which does not invalidate Salaah in wrong place such as re-reciting Surah Al-Fatihah in Ruku’, Sujood or in Juloos.

There are many Haiaat-forms of Salaah. Few of them are as follows:

1. To raise both hands up to the shoulders when saying Allahu Akbar at the beginning of Salaah, while going to Ruku’, coming up from Ruku’ and standing up from the first sitting of Tashahhud.

2. To fold the hands placing the right over the left below the chest.

3. To read the opening Du’aa; Thanaa 4. To recite Taawudh 5. To recite any Surah after reciting Surah Al-Faatiha. This is only for Imaam. The followers should listen to Imaam’s recitation 6. To recite a loud in Jehree Salaah2 and soft in Sirree Salaah (3).

7. To read Takbeerat when coming up from Ruku’ and Sajdah and while bowing down for Ruku’.

8. To read Tasbeeh in Ruku’ and Sujood.

9. To say Aameen at the end of Surah Al-Faatihah.

10. To say Sami’Allahuliman Hamidah, Rabbanaa Walakal Hamd when coming up from Ruku’.

11. To sit on the left leg in all sittings.

12. To sit for the final sitting placing the back flat on the ground and keeping the right foot upright while the toes are facing the direction of Qiblah.

13. To place both the hands on the thighs in a manner that the fingers of left hand are left open while the fingers of right one are kept closed except the index finger.

14. To make the second Salaam .

There are four differences between the Salaah of man and woman. The differences are as follows:

1. Man has to keep his arms away from his ribs in Ruku’ while woman has to keep her arms close to the side of her body.

2. Man has to keep his stomach away from his thighs in Sujood whereas woman should bend her body in such a manner that the stomach touches the thighs.

3. Man must recite aloud in Jehree Salaah while woman has to recite soft in every Salaah especially when she is performing Salaah in presence of an Ajnabee. (1).

4. Man should read Subhaanallah in order to remind Imaam when he makes any mistake whilst woman should only clap her hands.

1. How many pre-Sunan of Salaah are there?

2. How many Sunan are there in Salaah?

3. How many Ab’aadh are there in Salaah?

4. What is Sujood As-Sahw?

5. What makes Sajdah Sahw necessary?

6. How many Haiaat are there in Salaah?

7. What are the differences between male and female’s Salaah?