Understanding Usul Al-Fiqh by Abu Tariq Hilal - Abu Ismael al-Beirawi

This text discusses various sources of "Hukm Shar'i" (Islamic legal rulings) that are not universally agreed upon by all Islamic scholars (Ulema). It is structured into different subsections, each addressing a specific source:

1. **Ijma' al Ummah (Page 110):** This section likely explores the concept of consensus among the entire Muslim community as a source of Islamic legal rulings.

2. **Ijma' al Mujtahideen (Page 113):** It may discuss the consensus of qualified jurists (Mujtahideen) as a basis for deriving Islamic legal rulings.

3. **Ijma' Ahlel Bayt (Page 113):** This subsection might focus on the consensus of the household of the Prophet Muhammad, Ahlel Bayt, as a source of Islamic jurisprudence.

4. **Ijma' Ahlel Medinah (Page 115):** It likely deals with the consensus of the people of Medina and its significance in Islamic legal reasoning.

5. **Istihsan (Page 117):** This section may delve into the concept of Istihsan, which involves juristic preference or discretion in cases where no clear precedent exists.

6. **Types of Istihsan (Page 117):** It may further categorize and explain different types or methods of Istihsan employed in Islamic jurisprudence.

7. **Masalih Al Mursalah (Page 119):** This part might discuss the concept of Masalih Al Mursalah, which pertains to public interest or welfare as a basis for legal rulings.

8. **Types of Masalih Al Mursalah (Page 120):** It could elaborate on the various categories or applications of Masalih Al Mursalah in Islamic law.

9. **Laws Revealed Before Islam (Shar'a Man Qablana) (Page 123):** This section may address the consideration of laws and practices existing before the advent of Islam, and how they influence Islamic legal rulings.

In summary, the text explores diverse sources of Islamic legal rulings that are subject to varying interpretations and acceptance among Islamic scholars. It provides insights into the complexities and nuances of Islamic jurisprudence and the different schools of thought that exist within it.