Usool At-tafseer by Shu‘bah ibn al-Hajjaaj, Sufyaan ibn ‘Uyaynah and it was translated by Dr. M. Abdul Haq Ansari

The desire to be convinced by logical arguments is a part of human nature.

Human beings, generally speaking, like to argue and debate even about things which their limited knowledge cannot verify to be correct or incorrect. Allaah alluded to this nature in the Qur’aan, saying,

Consequently, Allaah ordered the Prophet (r) to enter into debates with the pagans, but only in a gentle way which might move their hearts:

He also allowed Muslims to have discussions with the Christians and Jews in order to bring the truth to light:

Since the Qur’aan addresses man, it is only natural that this aspect of human nature be taken into account when topics are presented. Hence, numerous examples of debate (jadal) can be found throughout the Qur’aan. However, the arguments raised in the Qur’aan are very simple and easily understood, as they always rely in one way or another on observable facts to prove the unobservable.

The following are a few types of arguments found in the Qur’aan:

be chaos unless they all agreed or they submitted to the decision of one of them. Agreement or submission both imply an inability and weakness which no true creator should possess. In fact, such descriptions of weakness reduce the Creator of the universe to the status of a squabbling family of human beings in the way that the Greeks, Romans, Hindus, and Egyptians, etc., imagined their gods to be

If one reflects on how humans are wondrously created and molded from such lowly origins, there should be no difficulty in conceiving the re-creation and resurrection of humanity. For the re-creation of a thing is always easier than its initial creation, as Allaah explicitly stated