女性能够激发男性的繁衍本能，男性也能激发女性的繁衍本能，这一事实并不意味着每当男性与女性相遇时，这种激发都必然存在。更确切地说，这意味着两性在相遇时，从根本上有可能相互激发这种本能，并可能由此导致性关系。然而，他们也可能相遇却不激发这种本能，比如为了贸易而相遇，或为了给病人做手术而相遇，或为了参加求知的学术圈子而相遇等。在所有这些情况以及其他情况中，激发性本能的可能性依然存在。但是，可能性的存在并不等于兴奋的存在。兴奋发生在他们从两性的角度而非从人类种族延续的角度彼此相看之时。因此，女性与男性相互激发这种本能，不应成为将女性与男性完全隔离的理由。换言之，因为可能激发繁衍本能，就阻止男女在公共生活中相会并相互合作，这是不正确的。相反，他们必须在公共生活中相会，必须相互合作，因为他们的合作对社会和公共生活至关重要。然而，这种合作只有在一个规范两性关系的制度之下才能实现。这一制度必须源自这样一种观点：男女之间的关系旨在延续人类种族。依靠这一制度，男女在公共生活中的相会以及他们之间的合作才变得可能且安全。

The fact that women stimulate the procreation instinct in men and vice versa, does not inevitably mean that the stimulation will exist whenever a man meets a woman. Rather, it means that fundamentally they can potentially stimulate the instinct in each other when they meet which may result in sexual relations. However, they may meet and not stimulate the instinct, such as when meeting for trading or to conduct an operation on a patient, or for attending circles for knowledge, etc. In all these cases and others, the possibility of stimulating the sexual instinct still remains. However, the presence of the possibility, does not mean the presence of excitement. Excitement occurs once they view each other from the male-female angle instead of the view of preservation of the human race. Therefore, the fact that the woman and the man stimulate this instinct in each other should not become a reason to seclude the woman from the man completely. In other words, it is incorrect to make the possibility of arousing the procreation instinct prevent men and women from meeting together in public life and from co-operating amongst each other. Rather, they must meet in public life, and they must co-operate amongst each other, for their co-operation is essential for society and public life. Such cooperation, however, can not be achieved except with a system that regulates the relationships between them. This system must emanate from the view that the relationship between males and females is meant to preserve the human race. By this system, the meeting of men and women in public life and co-operation between them becomes possible and safe.

唯有以精神性为基础、以伊斯兰教法（Ahkam Shariyah，即神圣律例）为准绳、并包含实现伦理价值之律例的制度，才能保障平静的生活，并自然地规范男女关系。这样的制度便是伊斯兰的社会制度。伊斯兰看待人类，无论男女，都是具有本能、情感、倾向和理智的人。伊斯兰制度允许人享受生活的乐趣，不会因为人从生活中获取最大的份额而加以谴责。然而，它要求这种享受必须以保护社群与社会的方式进行，并使人能够趋向于获得安宁。 伊斯兰的社会制度是唯一正确的社会制度（假设存在其他社会制度的话）。这源于若干特点：它视繁衍本能为保存人类种族的目的；它精确地规范男女关系，从而保证这一本能只沿着其自然的轨道发展，实现安拉创造人类的目的。与此同时，它组织男女之间的关系，并使对男女关系的规范成为这些关系的一部分，从而保证男女之间的合作，这种合作为社群、社会和个人带来善果。同时，它保证伦理价值的实现。它使安拉（SWT）的喜悦——即理想——成为这种合作的主导。这确保了敬畏与纯洁决定今世两性关系的方式，并确保今世的生活方式与手段，在任何方面都不与这一方式相抵触。

The only system that guarantees a peaceful life and organises man-woman relations naturally is that whose basis is spirituality and whose criterion is the Ahkam Shariyah (divine rules), including the rules that achieve the ethical value. Such a system is the social system in Islam. Islam looks upon humans, be they men or women, as humans with instincts, sentiments, inclinations and a mind. The Islamic system permits the human to enjoy the pleasures of life. It does not denounce the human for taking from life the greatest share He can. It assumes, however, that this be carried out in such a way that protects the community and the society, and enables the human to proceed to achieve tranquillity. The Social system in Islam is the only correct social system (assuming that other social systems exist). This is due to several features: It views the procreation instinct as being for the purpose of preserving the human race; it accurately organises male-female relations whereby it guarantees that this instinct proceeds only in its natural course, thus fulfilling the purpose for which Allah created the human. At the same time it organises the relations between men and women and makes the regulation of the male/ female relationship a part of these relations, whereby it guarantees co-operation between men and women which produces goodness for the community, society and the individual. At the same time, it guarantees the achievement of the ethical value. It makes the pleasure of Allah (swt), which is the ideal, the controller of such co-operation. This ensures that piety and purity decide the method of the relations between the two sexes in this life, and ensures that the styles and means in life do not in any way contradict with this method.

伊斯兰教将两性关系限定于婚姻和婢妾之间。除此之外的任何关系都被视为犯罪，必须予以严厉惩处。至于其他属于生育本能外在表现的关系，例如为人父母、为人子女、兄弟关系、叔伯舅甥关系，则是被允许的，并被视为不可通婚的亲属关系。伊斯兰教也允许女性从事男性所被允许的事务，例如经商和从事工业、务农、参加知识课程、礼拜、传播达瓦等。

Islam restricted sexual relations i.e. the male-female relations between the man and woman to marriage and concubines. Any relation outside of these two is considered a crime that must be punished severely. As for other kinds of relations which are of the external manifestations of the procreation instinct, such as, parenthood, childhood, brotherhood, unclehood, they are allowed and considered of the unmarriageable kinship. Islam permitted for women matters which it allowed for men, such as practising trade and industry, farming, attending classes of knowledge, praying, carrying the Da'wah, etc.

伊斯兰教确立了男女之间在生活事务中以及人与人相处中的合作，使之成为一切往来的事实。他们都是真主（SWT）的仆人，都在善行中共同崇拜祂（SWT），共同敬畏祂（SWT）。经文的降示，是向人类发出的呼吁，邀请他们皈依伊斯兰教，无论他们是男性还是女性。真主（SWT）说：

Islam made co-operation between men and women in life's affairs and in the peoples relations among themselves a fact in all dealings. All are the servants of Allah (swt) and all co-operate in worshipping Him (swt) in goodness, and in fearing Him (swt). The Ayat came to address humans with regards to inviting them to Islam irrespective of the fact that they are men or women. Allah (swt) says,

“请说：‘世人哪！我是安拉派来你们所有人的使者。’”[阿拉夫章：158]以及，

“Say, Oh people, I am the Messenger of Allah to you all”. [Al- Araf: 158] and,

“哦，人们啊，你们当敬畏你们的主。”{《妇女章》：1}关于伊斯兰教的律例，这节经文是对信士们说的。安拉（SWT）说：

“Oh people fear your Lord”. [An- Nisa: 1] With regard to the rules of Islam, the Ayat addressed the believers. Allah (swt) said:

“信道的人们啊！当真主和使者召唤你们去做那能使你们获得生命的事情时，你们应当响应真主和使者的召唤。”{黄牛 / 不，这是安法勒章第24节}[安法勒章：24] 这段经文的启示包括男人和女人。至高无上的真主说：

“Oh you who believe, answer the call of Allah and the Messenger when He calls you to that which gives you life”. [Al- Anfal: 24] The Ayat have been revealed to include men and women. He, (swt) said:

“{斋戒已经为你们规定}”[黄牛章：183]，并且说道，

“Fasting is prescribed upon you” [Al- Baqarah: 183] and said,

“Establish Salat” → 「树立礼拜（Salat）」 “Take from their wealth” → 「你从他们的财产中取一份」 Here is the translation in Simplified Chinese, following the given rules: “Establish Salat, [Al- Anam: 72] “Take from their wealth,” [At- Tauba: 103] and,” → “树立礼拜，[Al-Anam: 72] “从他们的财产中取一份，”[At-Tauba: 103] 以及，”

“Establish Salat, [Al- Anam: 72] “Take from their wealth,” [At- Tauba: 103] and,

“施舍（天课）只归于贫穷者和需要者。”[忏悔章：60] 他（SWT）说：

Sadaqat (zakat) is only for the poor and the needy”. [At- Tauba: 60] He, (swt) said:

“至于囤积金银的人”。[《忏悔》：34] 他（SWT）说，

“And those who hoard gold and silver”. [At- Tauba: 34] He (swt) said,

“{你们应当与那些不信真主和末日的人作战}”。[忏悔章：29] 以及,

“Fight those who believe not in Allah and the Day of Judgement”. [At- Tauba: 29] and,

“噢，你们信道的人啊！如果他们宁愿不信而选择否认，你们就不要把你们的父亲和兄弟当作盟友。”【忏悔章：23】这节经文以及其他许多经文都是泛指的，且同时面向男性和女性。遵行这些命令可能涉及男女之间的交往，包括那些须个人履行的命令，例如礼拜。由此可见，伊斯兰允许男女相会，以履行其所规定的义务，并完成他们必须承担的行为。然而，伊斯兰也为防范任何可能导致非法性关系、或使男女偏离真主（SWT）为规范性关系所规定的特定制度的事物，制定了某些预防措施。伊斯兰对这些预防措施的遵守极为严格。因此，它规定了贞洁是必须的，并要求采用一切能够保护贞洁与风纪的方法、方式或手段。这是因为，凡是完成某项义务所必需的事物，本身也是义务。为了达到这一目标，伊斯兰确立了某些天启的律法规定（Ahkam Shar’iah）。其中包括：

“Oh you who believe, take not your fathers and brothers as allies if they choose Kufr over Iman”. [At- Tauba: 23] These Ayat, among many others, are general, and address men and women. Carrying out these commands might encompass the meeting between men and women, including the commands that are performed individually, such as, Salah. This, therefore, proves that Islam permitted men and women to meet to fulfil whatever rules it commanded them with, and actions that they have to carry out. However, Islam mandated certain precautions against anything that would lead to an illegal sexual relationship or divert men and women from the specific system Allah (swt) mandated to control the sexual relationship. Islam is very strict in observing these precautions. Thus, it made chastity mandatory, as well as obliging the use of every method, style or means that would lead to the protection of chastity and morals. This is due to the fact that anything that is necessary for the fulfilment of an obligation is an obligation. To achieve this goal, it determined certain divine rules (Ahkam Shar’iah). Some of which are:

1. 它命令男人和女人降低目光。安拉(SWT)说:

1. It commanded men and women, to lower their gaze. Allah (swt) said,

“告诉信道的男人，让他们低下目光，保护他们的私处。这对他们更为纯洁，真主知道他们所做的一切。也告诉信道的女人，让她们低下目光，保护她们的私处”。[《光明章》：30] 2. 它命令女性穿着端庄的衣服，遮盖并隐藏所有迷人之处，除了（出于必要）显露的部分，并把衣服垂下来遮住这些部位。真主（SWT）说：

“Tell the believing men to lower from their gaze and to protect their private parts. That is better for them, Allah knows the details of what they do. And tell the believing women to lower from their gaze and protect their private parts”.[An- Nur: 30] 2. It commanded women to wear modest clothes that cover and hide all places of charm except what is apparent (by necessity) and to drape their clothes over them so as to cover them. Allah (swt) said:

“且不可显露其所应遮掩的美饰，除非是自然显露的部分。让她们把面纱（khimār）披在胸前和颈项上（jaib）。”[光明章：31] 他（SWT）还说：

“And they are not to show their charm except that which is apparent. And let them cover their chests and necks (jaibs) with their head covers (khimars)”. [An- Nur: 31] He (swt) also said:

“哦，先知！请告诉你的妻子、女儿和信士的妇女，让她们把外衣放下来遮住身体（Jilbab）。”[Al-Ahzab: 59] 意思是，她们不应显露身上的娇媚之处，除了那些显露在外的部分，即脸和双手。Khimar 指头巾，Jaib 指衣领，即从颈部到胸前的衣襟开口。换言之，应让她们把 Khimar 披在颈部和胸前。Idnaa 的 Jilbab 指把衣服垂放下来。

“Oh Prophet tell your wives and daughters and the women of the believers to drape down their outer clothes (Jilbab)”. [Al- Ahzab: 59] Meaning, they are not to show the places of their charm, except that which is apparent i.e. the face and the hands. Khimar is the head cover and Jaib is the shirt. i.e. the shirt opening from the neck to the chest. In other words, let them place their Khimar over their necks and chests. Idnaa of the Jilbab is to drape the dress down.

3. 它禁止女子在没有Mahram（不可结婚的男性亲属）陪同的情况下，从一个地方前往另一个地方，行程超过一天一夜。使者ﷺ说："凡信奉真主和末日的女子，不得在没有Mahram陪同的情况下旅行一夜一天。"

3. It forbade the woman from travelling from one place to another for over one day and one night without a Mahram (unmarriageable man). The Messenger (pbuh) said: “It is not permitted for a woman who believes in Allah and the Day of Judgement to travel one night and one day except with a mahram”.

4. 它禁止男女独处，除非有一位马哈兰（Mahram）陪同。先知（愿主赐予他平安）说："任何男人都不得与不是其马哈兰的女人独处。"伊本·阿拔斯报道，他听到先知ﷺ发表讲话，其中说："任何男人都不得与女人独处，除非与她的马哈兰在一起。女人也不得在没有其马哈兰陪同的情况下出行。"有一个人听到这话后站起来说："安拉的使者啊，我的妻子要去朝觐，而我已被征召参加某某战役。"使者ﷺ说："你去，和你的妻子一同朝觐。" 5. 伊斯兰禁止女人未经丈夫允许离开家门。因为丈夫对她有权利，她不得未经他的允许离开他的家。如果她未经他允许就离开，就被视为不顺从的人，因而是叛逆者（Nashiz），不应获得经济供养（Nafaqah）。伊本·布塔在《女性规范》中转述安纳斯的话说：一个男人外出旅行，禁止妻子离开家门。后来她的父亲病了，她请求使者ﷺ允许她去探望患病的父亲。使者ﷺ回答："你要敬畏安拉，不要违抗你的丈夫。"后来她的父亲去世了，她又请求使者ﷺ允许她参加父亲的葬礼。他ﷺ说："你要敬畏安拉，不要违抗你的丈夫。"之后，安拉（SWT）启示先知ﷺ：由于她对丈夫的顺从，我已经宽恕了她。

4. It forbade a man and a woman to be in seclusion (Khulwahy) except in the company of a Mahram. The Messenger (pbuh) said: “No man should be in seclusion (Khulwahy) with a woman without her Mahram.” Ibn Abbas reported that He heard the Prophet (pbuh) give a speech in which He (pbuh) said: “No man should be in seclusion (Khulwahy) with a woman except with her Mahram. Also no woman is to travel but with her Mahram.” Upon hearing this, a man stood up and said: “Oh Messenger of Allah, my wife is out to perform Hajj and I have been conscripted in such and such battle”. The Messenger (pbuh) said: “Go and perform Hajj with your wife.” 5. Islam forbade the woman to leave her house without her husband's permission. Since He has rights on her, she is not to leave his house without his permission. If she leaves without his permission, she is considered disobedient and therefore rebellious (Nashiz), who does not deserve financial support (Nafaqah). Ibn Buttah reported in “Woman's Rules” from Anas that a man travelled out of town and prevented his wife from leaving the house. Then her father became ill. She asked the Messengers (pbuh) permission to visit her sick father. The Messenger (pbuh) replied: “Fear Allah and do not disobey your husband”. Later on her father died. She asked the Messenger's (pbuh) permission to attend his funeral. He (pbuh) said: “Fear Allah and do not disobey your husband”. Then Allah (swt) revealed to the Prophet (pbuh) that I have forgiven her due to her obedience to her husband.

6. 伊斯兰教在私人生活中，以及在清真寺、学校等场所，将女性群体与男性群体分开。因此，它使女性与女性生活在一起，男性与男性生活在一起。在礼拜中，它也使女性的排列位于男性排列之后，女性应与女性或Mahram（至亲异性）同住。因此，女性处理买卖等公共事务之后，再回到与女性或Mahram同住的生活中。

6. Islam made the community of women separated from the community of men in private life and in the Mosques, schools and their likes. So it made the woman live among women and the men among men. It also made the lines of women behind the lines of men in prayer, and the woman is to live with women or a Mahram. So, the woman would perform her public life affairs such as buying and selling and the like then go afterwards to live with women or a Mahram.

7. 伊斯兰教致力于维护男女之间在一切交往中的合作关系，并使这种关系保持公开。它不允许这种关系成为私下的，例如非穆哈兰（不可通婚的亲属）的男女之间互相拜访，或一同外出。这是因为，这种合作的目的在于让女性履行其权利和事务，并承担其责任。

7. Islam endeavoured to maintain the co-operative relation between men and women public in all transactions. It did not allow such relation to be private such as exchanging visits among the non-Mahram men and women, and going out together. This is due to the fact that the purpose of this co-operation is for the woman to fulfil her rights and affairs as well as take care of her obligations.

有了这些规定，伊斯兰采取了防范措施，以防止男女之间的相遇演变为性接触，使其始终保持为合作、满足利益和履行义务的相遇。因此，伊斯兰对男女双方因各自利益而相遇时所产生的关系进行了规范；同时也对男女相遇所产生的关系进行了规范，例如经济供养、抚育子女、婚姻等。伊斯兰的这些规范将相遇限制在其所设定的关系之内，并使其不致演变为性接触。

With such rules, Islam took precautions to prevent the meeting of men and women from turning into sexual encounters, in order to continue as meetings of co-operation, to discharge interests and allow the performance of duties. Therefore, Islam treated the relations that result from the interests of individuals, men or women, when the two meet. It also treated the relations that result from the meeting of men and women, such as, financial support, parenting, marriage, etc. Islam's treatment restricts meeting to the relations for which they were made, and it keeps them from turning into sexual encounters.