Ga manyan nau'ikan hadisi masu muhimmanci kamar haka:

The following principal types of hadith are important:

• Marfu' - "wanda aka ɗaukaka": Hadisi daga Annabi (Allah ya yi masa salati da amincinSa) ﷺ, misali, mai ruwaito (ko sahabi ne, ko tabi'i, ko wani) yana cewa, "Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce ..." Misali, hadisi na farko a cikin Sahih al-Bukhari shi ne kamar haka: Al-Bukhari === Al-Humaidi 'Abdullah b. al-Zubair === Sufyan === Yahya b. Sa'id al-Ansari === Muhammad b. Ibrahim al-Taymi === 'Alqamah b. Waqqas al-Laithi, wanda ya ce: Na ji 'Umar b. al-Khattab yana cewa, yana kan mimbari, "Na ji Manzon Allah ﷺ (Allah ya yi masa salati da amincinSa) yana cewa: Lada na ayyuka yana dogara ga niyyoyi, kuma kowane mutum zai sami lada gwargwadon abin da ya yi niyya; saboda haka duk wanda ya yi hijira saboda amfanin duniya ko don ya auri mace, hijirarsa ta kasance ga abin da ya yi hijira saboda shi."

• Marfu' - "elevated": A narration from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), e.g. a reporter (whether a Companion, Successor or other) says, "The Messenger of Allah said ..." For example, the very first hadith in Sahih al-Bukhari is as follows: Al- Bukhari === Al-Humaidi 'Abdullah b. al-Zubair === Sufyan === Yahya b. Sa'id al-Ansari === Muhammad b. Ibrahim al-Taymi === 'Alqamah b. Waqqas al-Laithi, who said: I heard 'Umar b. al- Khattab saying, while on the pulpit, "I heard Allah's Messenger (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) saying: The reward of deeds depends on the intentions, and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended; so whoever emigrated for wordly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration was for what he migrated.".

• Mauquf – "wanda aka tsayar": Hadisi daga sahabi kawai, wato maganarsa ta kansa; misali, Al-Bukhari ya ruwaito a cikin Sahihinsa, a Kitab al-Fara'id (Littafin Dokokin Gado), cewa Abu Bakr, Ibn 'Abbas da Ibn al-Zubair sun ce, "Kakan mahaifi yana (ana bi da shi kamar) uba." Ya kamata a lura cewa wasu kalmomi da sahabi ke amfani da su kan sa hadisi ya zama, a zahiri, marfu' ko da yake mauquf ne a fili, misali kamar haka:

• Mauquf - "stopped": A narration from a Companion only, i.e. his own statement; e.g. al-Bukhari reports in his Sahih, in Kitab al-Fara'id (Book of the Laws of Inheritance), that Abu Bakr, Ibn 'Abbas and Ibn al-Zubair said, "The grandfather is (treated like) a father." It should be noted that certain expressions used by a Companion generally render a hadith to be considered as being effectively marfu' although it is mauquf on the face of it, e.g. the following:

"An umurce mu da ..."

"We were commanded to ...".

"An hana mu daga ..."

"We were forbidden from ...".

"Mun kasance muna yi ..."

"We used to do ...".

"Mun kasance muna cewa/yi ... yayin da Manzon Allah ﷺ yana tsakaninmu."

"We used to say/do ... while the Messenger of Allah was amongst us.".

"Ba mu kan damu da irin wannan da irin wannan ba..."

"We did not use to mind such-and-such...".

"An kasance ana cewa ..."

"It used to be said ...".

Daga cikin Sunnah ne ...

"It is from the Sunnah to ...".

An ya zo a kan wannan yanayi: ...", yana magana game da wata ayar Alkur'ani.

"It was revealed in the following circumstances: ...", speaking about a verse of the Qur'an.

• Maqtu'- "wanda aka yanke": Riwaya daga wani Tabi'i, misali Muslim ya ruwaito a cikin Gabatarwar Sahihinsa cewa Ibn Sirin (d. 110) ya ce, "Wannan ilimi (watau Hadisi) shi ne Addini, don haka ku yi taka-tsantsan daga wane ne kuke karbar addininku."

• Maqtu'- "severed": A narration from a Successor, e.g. Muslim reports in the Introduction to his Sahih that Ibn Sirin (d. 110) said, "This knowledge (i.e. Hadith) is the Religion, so be careful from whom you take your religion.".

Ingancin kowane ɗaya daga cikin nau'o'in hadisi guda uku da aka ambata a sama ya dogara da wasu abubuwa, kamar amincin masu ruwaito shi, yanayin haɗin kai a tsakaninsu, da sauransu. Duk da haka, wannan rarrabuwa tana da matuƙar amfani, domin ta hanyarta ana iya bambance maganganun Annabi ﷺ nan take da na Sahabbai ko Tabi'ai; wannan yana da matuƙar taimako musamman a muhawara kan al'amuran Fiqhu.

The authenticity of each of the above three types of hadith depends on other factors such as the reliability of its reporters, the nature of the linkage amongst them, etc. However, the above classification is extremely useful, since through it the sayings of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) can be distinguished at once from those of Companions or Successors; this is especially helpful in debate about matters of Fiqh.

Muwaɗɗa'in Imam Malik, ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin littattafan tattara hadisai, yana ƙunshe da kusan daidaitaccen adadin nau'ikan hadisai irin waɗannan, da kuma hadisan mursal (waɗanda za a tattauna daga baya). A cewar Abu Bakr al-Abhari (d. 375), Al-Muwaɗɗa' ya ƙunshi kamar haka:

Imam Malik's Al-Muwatta', one of the early collections of hadith, contains a relatively even ratio of these types of hadith, as well as mursal ahadith (which are discussed later). According to Abu Bakr al-Abhari (d. 375), Al- Muwatta' contains the following:

Ahadith 600 marfu'.

l 600 marfu' ahadith.

Hadisai 613 mauquf.

l 613 mauquf ahadith.

Ahadith 285 maqtu', da kuma

l 285 maqtu' ahadith, and.

l 228 mursal ahadith; jimillar hadisai 1726.6.

l 228 mursal ahadith; a total of 1726 ahadith.6.

Daga cikin sauran littattafai, an fi samun hadisai mauquf da maqtu' a cikin Al-Musannaf na Ibn Abi Shaibah (d. 235), da Al-Musannaf na 'Abd al-Razzaq (d. 211), da Tafsirai na Ibn Jarir (d. 310), Ibn Abi Hatim (d. 327) da Ibn al-Mundhir (d. 319).7

Among other collections, relatively more mauquf and maqtu' ahadith are found in Al-Musannaf of Ibn Abi Shaibah (d. 235), Al-Musannaf of 'Abd al- Razzaq (d. 211) and the Tafsirs of Ibn Jarir (d. 310), Ibn Abi Hatim (d. 327) and Ibn al-Mundhir (d. 319).7