当伊斯兰教为人类确立了全新的价值观与标准，并指明了学习这些价值观与标准的道路时，它同时也为人类提供了一种全新的人际关系观念。伊斯兰教降临，是为了使人回归其主宰，并使祂的指引成为获取价值观与标准的唯一源泉，因为祂是给养者，也是创造者。一切关系都应当以祂为基础而建立，因为我们是依祂的意志而存在的，并终将回归于祂。

The day Islam gave a new concept of values and standards to mankind and showed the way to learn these values and standards, it also provided it with a new concept of human relationships. Islam came to return man to his Sustainer and to make His guidance the only source from which values and standards are to be obtained, as He is the Provider and Originator. All relationships ought to be based through Him, as we came into being through His will and shall return to Him.

伊斯兰教来到世间，只为确立一种关系，这种关系使人们在真主面前彼此联结；只要这种关系牢固确立，那么其他基于血缘或其他考量的关系便会随之消失。

Islam came to establish only one relationship which binds men together in the sight of God, and if this relationship is firmly established, then all other relationships based on blood or other considerations become eliminated.

"你将找不到这样的人：他们信奉真主和末日，却与违抗真主和使者的人为友，即便那些人是他们的父亲、儿子、兄弟或同族之人。"（58:22） Note on the rules: the original says "God and His Prophet" without a named Prophet Muhammad, so no ﷺ is added here.

"You will not find the people who believe in God and the Hereafter taking as allies the enemies of God and His Prophet, whether they be their fathers or sons or brothers or fellow tribesmen." (58-22)

世界上只有一个真主的党，其余的都是撒旦和叛逆的党。

In the world there is only one party of God; all others are parties of Satan and rebellion.

"信道者为主道而战，不信道者为邪恶而战。

"Those who believe fight in the cause of God, and those who disbelieve fight in the cause of rebellion.

"那么你们就与撒旦的同伙作战吧；撒旦的诡计确实是软弱的。"（3:78）

Then fight the allies of Satan; indeed, Satan's strategy is weak." (3:78)

只有一条通往真主的道路，其他的道路都无法通向祂。

There is only one way to reach God; all other ways do not lead to Him.

{这是我的正路，你们应当遵循它，不要遵循其他的道路，以免它们使你们偏离他的道路。}（6:153）

"This is My straight path. Then follow it, and do not follow other ways which will scatter you from His path." (6: 1 53)

对人类的生活而言，只有一种真正的制度，那就是伊斯兰；其他一切制度都属于贾希利叶。

For human life, there is only one true system, and that is Islam; all other systems are Jahiliyyah.

"难道他们想要的是蒙昧时代的判决吗？对于有坚定信仰的民众来说，谁的判决比真主更好呢？"（5:50）

"Do they want a judgement of the Days of Ignorance? Yet who is better in judgement than God, for a people having sure faith? (5: 50)

唯一应当遵循的法则，就是来自真主的沙里亚；此外的一切，不过是情绪化与冲动而已。

There is only one law which ought to be followed, and that is the Shari'ah from God; anything else is mere emotionalism and impulsiveness.

我们已使你遵循(真主所命定的)正道,故你当遵循它,不要顺从那些无知者的私欲。(45:18)

"We have set you on a way ordained (by God); then follow it, and do not follow the desires of those who have no knowledge." (45:18)

真理是唯一且不可分割的；与之不同的，都是谬误。

The truth is one and indivisible; anything different from it is error.

"真理之外，除了迷误还剩下什么呢？那你们又将转向何方？"（10:32）

"Is anything left besides error, beyond the truth? Then to which do you go?" (10:32)

世上只有一个地方可以被称为伊斯兰之家（Dar-ul-Islam），那就是建立了伊斯兰国、以伊斯兰教法为权威、遵守真主（神）的界限，并且所有穆斯林以相互协商的方式处理国家事务的地方。世界其余的地方是敌对之家（Dar-ul-Harb）。穆斯林与敌对之家只能有两种可能的关系：

There is only one place on earth which can be called the home of Islam (Dar-ul-Islam), and it is that place where the Islamic state is established and the Shari'ah is the authority and God's limits are observed, and where all the Muslims administer the affairs of the state with mutual consultation. The rest of the world is the home of hostility (Dar-ul-Harb). A Muslim can have only two possible relations with Dar-ul- Harb:

与某国签订契约性协议而达成的和平，或是战争。与之存在条约的国家，不被视为伊斯兰之家。

peace with a contractual agreement, or war. A country with which there is a treaty will not be considered the home of Islam.

"那些信道、迁徙、并以财产和生命在真主的大道上奋斗的人，以及那些庇护他们、援助他们的人，他们是互相的保护者。至于那些信道但没有迁徙的人，在他们迁徙之前，你们对他们的保护毫无责任；但如果他们向你们请求宗教上的援助，你们有义务援助他们，除非是对与你们之间存在盟约的民族。真主是鉴察你们所作所为的。不信道的人是互相的盟友。你们若不这样做，大地上就会出现迫害和严重的动乱。那些信道、迁徙、并在真主的大道上奋斗的人，以及那些庇护他们、援助他们的人，他们确是真正的信士。他们将获得赦宥和丰厚的给养。那些此后才信道、迁徙并与你们一同奋斗的人，也是你们中的一员。」(8:72-75)

"Those who believed, and migrated, and strove with their wealth and their persons in the cause of God, and those who gave them refuge and helped them, are the protectors of each other. As to those who believed but did not emigrate, you have no responsibility for their protection until they emigrate; but if they ask your help in religion, it is your duty to help them, except against a people between whom and you there is a treaty; and God sees whatever you do. Those who disbelieve are the allies of each other. If you do not do this, there will be oppression in the earth and a great disturbance. Those who believe, and migrate, and fight in the cause of God, and those who give them refuge and help them, are in truth Believers. For them is forgiveness and generous provision. And those who accept Faith afterwards and migrate and strive along with you, they are of you." (8:72-75)

伊斯兰带来了完整的指引和明确的教导。它来是为了提升人，使他超越大地与泥土的羁绊，使他摆脱血肉之躯的羁绊——而血肉之躯的羁绊同样也是大地与泥土的羁绊。穆斯林没有祖国，除非是大地上那一部分确立了真主的沙里亚，并且人与人的关系建立在与真主的关系之基础上；穆斯林没有国籍，只有他的信仰，这使他成为身处伊斯兰之家（Dar-ul-Islam）中穆斯林共同体的一员；穆斯林没有亲属，只有那些与他同信真主的人，因而他与其他信士之间，通过彼此与真主的关系建立起了一种纽带。

Islam came with this total guidance and decisive teaching. It came to elevate man above, and release him from, the bonds of the earth and soil, the bonds of flesh and blood-which are also the bonds of the earth and soil. A Muslim has no country except that part of the earth where the Shari'ah of God is established and human relationships are based on the foundation of relationship with God; a Muslim has no nationality except his belief, which makes him a member of the Muslim community in Dar-ul-Islam; a Muslim has no relatives except those who share the belief in God, and thus a bond is established between him and other Believers through their relationship with God.

穆斯林与其母亲、父亲、兄弟、妻子以及其他家庭成员之间的关系，只能通过他们与造物主的关系而建立；此外，他们之间还有血缘的联系。

A Muslim has no relationship with his mother, father, brother, wife and other family members except through their relationship with the Creator, and then they are also joined through blood.

“人类啊！你们应当敬畏你们的主，祂曾从一个人创造你们，并从其中创造他的配偶，又从这二者繁衍了许多男人和女人。你们应当敬畏真主，你们凭借祂而相互请求，也应当敬畏血亲的关系。”（4:1）

"O mankind, remain conscious of your Sustainer, Who created you from one soul and created from its mate, and from the two of them scattered a great many men and women. Remain conscious of God, from Whose authority you make demands, and reverence the wombs (from which you were born). (4:1)

然而,信仰上的联系并不禁止穆斯林对父母以善良和体贴相待,即便双方信仰不同,只要他们没有加入伊斯兰之敌的阵营。但如果他们公然宣布与伊斯兰之敌结盟,那么穆斯林与其之间的一切孝道关系便就此断绝,他也没有义务再对他们善良体贴。阿卜杜拉·本·阿卜杜拉·本·乌បַيّ(Abdullah bin Ubayy)之子在这一点上为我们树立了光辉的榜样。

However, Divine relationship does not prohibit a Muslim from treating his parents with kindness and consideration in spite of differences of belief, as long as they do not join the front lines of the enemies of Islam. However, if they openly declare their alliance with the enemies of Islam, then all the filial relationships of a Muslim are cut off and he is not bound to be kind and considerate to them. Abdullah, son of Abdullah bin Ubayy, has presented us with a bright example in this respect.

伊本·贾利尔引述伊本·齐亚德的传述称：先知召见了阿卜杜拉，即阿卜杜拉·本·乌拜伊的儿子，并对他说："你知道你父亲说了什么吗？"阿卜杜拉问道："愿我的父母为您牺牲，我的父亲说了什么？"先知回答说："他说：'如果我们从（战役）回到麦地那，有尊贵的人会把卑贱的人赶出去。'"阿卜杜拉随即说："真主的使者啊，凭真主起誓，他说的是实话。您是尊贵的人，他是卑贱的人。真主的使者啊，麦地那人都知道，在您来到麦地那之前，没有人比我更孝顺父亲了。"

Ibn Jarir, on the authority of Ibn Ziad, has reported that the Prophet called Abdullah, son of Abdullah bin Ubayy, and said, "Do you know what your father said?" Abdullah asked. "May my parents be a ransom for you; what did my father say?" The prophet replied, "He said, 'If we return to Medina (from the battle), the one with honor will throw out the one who is despised." Abdullah then said, "O Messenger of God, by God, he told the truth. You are the one with honor and he is the one who is despised. O Messenger of God, the people of Medina know that before you came to Medina, no one was more obedient to his father than I was.

"但现在，如果真主和祂的使者认为我应当砍下他的头，那我就去做。"先知说："不。"穆斯林返回麦地那时，阿卜杜拉站在城门前，手持出鞘的剑对着他父亲的头，对他说："你不是说过，如果我们回到麦地那，有尊贵的人会把卑贱的人赶出去吗？凭真主起誓，现在你将知道谁更尊贵，是你，还是真主的使者！凭真主起誓，在真主和祂的使者准许之前，你不能进入麦地那，也不能从我这里得到庇护！"伊本·乌贝耶大声喊叫，连说了两次："哈兹拉者们，看看我的儿子如何阻止我进入我的家园！"但他的儿子阿卜杜拉反复说，除非先知准许，他不会让父亲进入麦地那。听到这番喧闹，一些人聚集过来，开始恳求阿卜杜拉，但他坚守立场。有人去见先知ﷺ，把这件事告诉了他。先知ﷺ对他们说："告诉阿卜杜拉，让他父亲进来。"阿卜杜拉收到这个口信后，便对父亲说："既然先知ﷺ已经准许，你现在可以进去了。"当信仰的纽带建立起来时，无论是否有血缘关系，信士们都成为兄弟。至高的真主说："信士们确实是兄弟。"这既是限定，也是规定。祂还说：

But now, if it is the pleasure of God and His Prophet that I cut off his head, then I shall do so." The Prophet replied, "No". When the Muslims returned to Medina, Abdullah stood in front of the gate with his sword drawn over his father's head, telling him, "Did you say that if we return to Medina then the one with honor will throw out the one who is despised? By God, now you will know whether you have honor, or God's Messenger! By God, until God and His Messenger give permission, you cannot enter Medina, nor will you have refuge from me!" Ibn Ubayy cried aloud and said twice, "People of Khazraj, see how my son is preventing me from entering my home!" But his son Abdullah kept repeating that unless the Prophet gave permission he would not let him enter Medina. Hearing this noise, some people gathered around and started pleading with Abdullah, but he stood his ground. Some people went to the Prophet and reported this incident. He told them, "Tell Abdullah to let his father enter". When Abdullah got this message, he then told his father, "Since the Prophet had given permission, you can enter now." When the relationship of the belief is established, whether there by any relationship of blood or not, the Believers become like brothers. God Most High says, "Indeed, the Believers are brothers," which is a limitation as well as a prescription. He also says:

"信道、迁徙、并以财产和生命在真主之道上奋斗的人，以及庇护和帮助他们的人，他们互为盟友。"（8:72）

"Those who believed, and migrated, and strove with their wealth and their persons in the cause of God, and those who gave them refuge and helped them, are the protectors of each other." (8:72)

这节经文所提到的庇护，并不局限于某一代人，而是延伸至后代，从而将后代与前代以神圣而永恒的爱、忠诚与仁慈之纽带联系在一起。

The protection which is referred to in this verse is not limited to a single generation but encompasses future generations as well, thus linking the future generations with the past generation in a sacred and eternal bond of love, loyalty and kindness.

{"在（麦地那）先于迁士而居、且信仰的人们，他们爱慕迁士，当你给予迁士什么的时候，他们心中不会生出嫉妒；他们宁可自己贫困，也把迁士放在自己之上。谁能克服自己内心的贪婪，谁就必定成功。在他们之后来的人说：『我们的主啊！求你赦免我们，也赦免先于我们信道的兄弟们；求你使我们心中不对信士们存有怨恨。我们的主啊！你确是至仁的，确是至慈的。』」（59:9-10）"}

"Those who lived (in Medina) before the Emigrants and believed, love the Emigrants and do not find in their hearts any grudge when thou givest them something, but give them preference over themselves, even though they may be poor. Indeed, the ones who restrain themselves from greed achieve prosperity. Those who came after them (the Emigrants) say; 'Our Lord! Forgive us and our brothers who entered the Faith before us, and leave not in our hearts any grievance against those who believe. Our Lord! You are indeed Most Kind, Most Merciful." (59:9-10)

真主至高在《古兰经》中叙述了先知们的故事，作为信士们的榜样。在不同的时代，真主的众先知点燃了信仰之火，引导信士们走上正道。

God Most High has related the stories of earlier Prophets in the Qur'an as an example for the Believers. In various periods the Prophets of God lighted the flame of faith and guided the Believers.

{诺亚呼求他的主，说："我的主啊！我的儿子确实是我家人，你的应许是真实的，你是最公正的裁判者。"他说："诺亚啊！他不是你的家人，他的行为是不端的；所以不要向我请求你所不知道的事。我劝诫你，不要像无知的人那样行事。"诺亚说："我的主啊！我求你庇护，免得我向你请求我所不知道的事。如果你不宽恕我、不怜悯我，我必定成为亏损者。"}

"And Noah called upon his Lord and said, 'O my Lord, surely my son is of my family, and Your promise is true, and You are the Justest of Judges'. He said, "O Noah, he is not of your family, as his conduct is unrighteous; so do not ask of me that of which you have no knowledge. I give you the counsel not to act like the ignorant.' Noah said, O my Lord, I seek refuge with You lest I ask You for that of which I have no knowledge, and unless You forgive me and have mercy on me, I shall be lost". (11:45-47)

{当主以若干命令考验易卜拉欣，他全部履行了，主说：“我要使你成为众人的领袖。”他说：“也要从我的后裔中选立吗？”主说：“我的盟约不及于不义者。”}

"And when his Lord tried Abraham with certain commands which he fulfilled, he said, 'I will make you a leader of people'. He said, 'And also those from among my offspring'? He answered, 'My promise does not extend to the evildoers". (1:124)

当易卜拉欣说："我的主啊！求你使这座城市成为和平之地，使信仰真主并信仰末日的人从各种果实中获得给养。"真主说："至于不信的人，我要让他们暂时享受，然后把他们驱向火刑，那是多么恶劣的归宿！"

"And when Abraham said, 'My Lord! Make this a city of peace and feed its people with fruits, such of them as believe in God and the Last Day'. He said, 'And those who reject faith, I will grant them their pleasure for a while, but will eventually drive them to the chastisement of the Fire. What an evil destination!" (2:126)

当先知易卜拉欣看到他的父亲和他的族人执迷于错误之中时，他转身离开了他们，说："我离开你们，以及你们舍弃真主而祈求的那些。我只向我的主祈祷，我希望我的主不会让我失望。"（19:48） Note: The rules require "God" rendered without "Allah", and the Prophet Abraham's name in its usual Chinese form, which is 易卜拉欣 (Ibrahim) in common Chinese Islamic usage; since the text says "Abraham", I've used the standard Chinese rendering of that name.

When the Prophet Abraham saw his father and his people persistent in their error, he turned away from them and said "I leave you and those upon whom you call besides God. I will only call upon my Sustainer, and hope that my Lord will not disappoint me." (19:48)

在讲述易卜拉欣与他的族人的故事时，真主突出了那些可以作为信士榜样的方面。

In relating the story of Abraham and his people, God has highlighted those aspects which are to be an example for the Believers.

"的确，易卜拉欣及与他同行的人，是你们的好榜样，当时他们对自己的民众说：'我们与你们无关，与你们舍弃真主而崇拜的一切也无关。我们拒绝你们；我们与你们之间，已经永远存在敌意和仇恨，直到你们只信仰独一的真主。'"

"Indeed, Abraham and his companions are an example for you, when they told their people, 'We have nothing to do with you and with whatever you worship besides God. We reject them; and now there is perpetual enmity and anger between you and us unless you believe in One God." (60:4)

当那些年轻而勇敢的朋友，也就是人们所说的"山洞的同伴"，看到自己的家人和部族中出现同样的拒绝时，他们离开了他们所有人，迁离了自己的家乡，奔向他们的主，以便能够作为他的仆人而生活。

When those young and courageous friends who are known as the Companions of the Cave saw this same rejection among their family and tribe, they left them all, migrated from their country, and ran toward their Sustainer so that they could live as His servants.

他们是信仰主的青年，我使他们更加正道。我使他们的心坚强，于是他们站起来说："我们的主是诸天和大地的主，我们绝不祈祷祂以外的任何神明。如果我们那样做，就是说了极大的谎言。这些是我们的族人，他们舍祂而崇拜别的神明，为什么他们不为此拿出明确的证据呢？谁比捏造关于真主的谎言的人更不义呢？当你们离开他们以及他们舍真主而崇拜的那些东西时，就躲进山洞吧。你们的主必将普降慈恩给你们，并为你们的事务提供便利和安适。"（18:13-16）

"They were youths who believed in their Lord, and We advanced them in guidance. We gave strength to hearts, so that they stood up and said, 'Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth. We shall not call upon any god apart from Him. If we did, we should indeed have said an awful thing. These our people have taken for worship gods other than Him. Why do they not bring a clear proof for what they do? Who can be more wrong than such as invert a falsehood against God? So, when you turn away from them and the things they worship other than God, take refuge in the cave. Your Lord will shower mercies on you and will provide ease and comfort for your affairs"! (18:13-16)

挪亚的妻子和罗特的妻子之所以与她们的丈夫分离，只是因为她们的信仰不同。

The wife of Noah and the wife of Lot were separated from their husbands only because their beliefs were different.

真主为不信道者设下比喻：诺亚的妻子和鲁特的妻子。她们在我两位善良的仆人手下，却对丈夫不忠，那两位丈夫在真主面前无法使她们得到丝毫益处，而有话对她们说："你们俩与其他进入火狱的人一同进入火狱吧！"{66:10}

"God gives as an example for the unbelievers the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot. They were married to two of Our righteous servants; but they were false to their husbands, and they profited nothing before God on their account, but were told, 'Enter you both into the fire along with those who enter it." (66:10)

然后还有另一类例子，即法老的妻子。

Then there is another kind of example in the wife of Pharoah.

并且真主为信道的人们设譬：法老的妻子，当时她曾说："我的主啊！求你在天堂中为我建造一所房屋，求你拯救我脱离法老及其所作所为，求你拯救我脱离不义的民众。"(66:11)

"And God gives as an example to those who believe the wife of Pharoah. Behold, she said, 'My Lord, build for me in nearness to You a mansion in heaven, and save me from Pharoah and his doings, and save me from those who do wrong." (66:11)

《古兰经》还描述了各种不同关系的范例。在努哈（Noah）的故事中，我们看到了父子关系的范例；在易卜拉欣的故事中，有关于儿子与祖国关系的范例；在洞穴伙伴的故事中，则有关于亲属、部族与家乡的全面范例。在努哈、鲁特和法老的故事中，有关于夫妻关系的范例。

The Qur'an also describes examples of different kinds of relationships. In the story of Noah we have an example of the paternal relationship; in the story of Abraham, an example of the son and of the country; in the story of the Companions of the Cave a comprehensive example of relatives, tribe and home country. In the stories of Noah, Lot and Pharoah there is an example of marital relationships.

在讲述了伟大的众先知及其人际关系之后，我们现在转向中道的民族，即早期穆斯林的群体。在这一群体中，我们可以找到大量类似的例子和经历。这一群体遵循了真主为信士所选择的神圣道路。当共同信仰的关系被打破时，换言之，当将一个人与另一个人联结起来的最初关系被破坏时，同一家族或部落的人便会分裂成不同的派别。至高无上的真主赞美信士说：

After a description of the lives of the great Prophets and their relationships, we now turn to the Middle Community, that is, that of the early Muslims. We find similar examples and experiences in this community in great numbers. This community followed the Divine path which God has chosen for the Believers. When the relationship of common belief was broken - in other words, when the very first relationship joining one man with another was broken,-then persons of the same family or tribe were divided into different groups God Most High says in praise of the Believers:

你将不会发现，凡信仰真主和末日的人会喜爱那些违抗真主和祂的使者的人，即使他们是自己的父亲、儿子、兄弟或宗族。这些人，真主已在他们心中写下了信仰，并以来自祂的灵力坚定了他们。祂将使他们进入下临诸河的乐园，永居其中。真主喜悦他们，他们也喜悦真主。他们是真主的党，真主的党必定成功。（58:22）

"You will not find any people who believe in God and the Last Day loving those who fight God and His Messenger, even though they be their fathers, or their sons, or their brothers, or their kindred. These are the people on whose hearts God has imprinted faith and strengthened them with a spirit from Himself. And He will admit them to Gardens beneath which rivers flow, to dwell therein. God will be well-pleased with them and they with Him. They are the party of God; truly the party of God will prosper.' (58:22)

我们看到，穆罕默德ﷺ与他的叔叔艾布·拉哈卜、堂兄艾布·哲赫勒之间的血缘关系断绝了；来自麦加的迁士与自己的家人和亲属作战，并站在白德尔战役的前线；而另一方面，他们与麦地那的辅士之间的关系，则在共同信仰的基础上得到了加强。他们成为了兄弟，甚至比血亲更亲密。这种关系建立了一种新的穆斯林兄弟情谊，其中包括阿拉伯人和非阿拉伯人。来自罗马的苏海ب，来自阿比西尼亚的比拉勒，以及来自波斯的赛勒曼，都成为了兄弟。

We see that the blood relationships between Muhammad -peace be on him - and his uncle Abu Lahab and his cousin Abu Jahl were broken, and that the Emigrants from Mecca were fighting against their families and relatives and were in the front lines of Badr, while on the other hand their relations with the Helpers of Medina became strengthened on the basis of a common faith. They became like brothers, even more than blood relatives. I his relationship established a new brotherhood of Muslims in which were included Arabs and non-Arabs. Suhaib from Rome and Bilal from Abyssinia and Selman from Persia were all brothers.

那时他们之中并没有部族的偏袒。血统的傲慢已被消除，民族主义的呼声也被压制，安拉的使者对他们说："摒弃这些偏袒吧，这些都是污秽之物。"又说："那些呼吁偏袒、为偏袒而战、为偏袒而死的人，不是我们中的一员。"就这样，血统的偏袒终结了；种族的口号消亡了；民族的傲慢消失了；人的精神得以翱翔于更高的境界，摆脱了血肉的束缚，以及对土地和国家的骄矜。从那天起，穆斯林的国家不再是一片土地，而是伊斯兰之家（Dar-ul-Islam），即信仰主导、真主的沙里亚得以施行的家园。穆斯林在其中寻求庇护，为其捍卫，并在努力扩展它的过程中殉难。凡接受伊斯兰沙里亚作为国家法律的人，都可以在这个伊斯兰之家中得到庇护，正如齐米人的情况一样。但凡伊斯兰沙里亚未被施行、伊斯兰未居主导地位的地方，对穆斯林和齐米人而言都成为敌对之家（Dar-ul-Harb）。穆斯林应当时刻准备与之作战，无论那是他的出生地，还是他亲属居住的地方，或是他的财产及其他物质利益所在之地。

There was no tribal partisanship among them. The pride of lineage was ended, the voice of nationalism was silenced, and the Messenger of God addressed them: "Get rid of these partisanships; these are foul things", and "He is not one of us who calls toward partisanship, who fights for partisanship, and who dies for partisanship." Thus this partisanship-the partisanship of lineage-ended; and this slogan-the slogan of race-died; and this pride- the pride of nationality- vanished; and man's spirit soared to higher horizons, freed from the bondage of flesh and blood and the pride of soil and country. From that day, the Muslim's country has not been a piece of land, but the homeland of Islam (Dar-ul-Islam) - the homeland where faith rules and the Shari'ah of God holds sway, the homeland in which he took refuge and which he defended, and in trying to extend it, he become martyred. This Islamic homeland is a refuge for any who accepts the Islamic Shari'ah to be the law of the state, as is the case with the Dhimmies. But any place where the Islamic Shari'ah is not enforced and where Islam is not dominant becomes the home of Hostility (Dar-ul-Harb) for both the Muslim and the Dhimmi. A Muslim will remain prepared to fight against it, whether it be his birthplace or a place where his relatives reside or where his property or any other material interests are located.

因此,穆罕默德ﷺ曾与麦加城作战,尽管那里是他的出生地,他的亲属也住在那里,他和他的圣门弟子们在迁徙时留下的房屋和财产也都在那里;然而,直到麦加城归顺伊斯兰、沙里亚在那里得以施行,麦加的土地才对他和他的追随者而言成为伊斯兰之家(Dar-ul-Islam)。

And thus Muhammad - peace be on him - fought against the city of Mecca, although it was his birthplace, and his relatives lived there, and he and his Companions had houses and property there which they had left when they migrated; yet the soil of Mecca did not become Dar-ul-Islam for him and his followers until it surrendered to Islam and the Shari'ah became operative in it.

这,且唯有这,才是伊斯兰。伊斯兰并非舌头所念的几句言辞,也不是出生在一个被称为伊斯兰的国家,更不是从穆斯林父亲那里继承来的身份。

This, and only this, is Islam. Islam is not a few words pronounced by the tongue, or birth in a country called Islamic, or an inheritance from a Muslim father.

{不，凭你的主发誓，他们在任何纷争中都让你来裁决，然后在你的判决面前心中不生怨恨，并完全顺服，他们才算信道。}(4:65)

"No, by your Sustainer, they have not believed until they make you the arbiter of their disputes, and then do not find any grievance against your decision but submit with full submission." (4:65)

唯有伊斯兰才是伊斯兰，唯有伊斯兰的居所（Dar-ul-Islam）才是伊斯兰的居所——不是土地，不是种族，不是血统，不是部落，也不是家族。

Only this is Islam, and only this is Dar-ul-Islam- not the soil, not the race, not the lineage, not the tribe, and not the family.

伊斯兰将全人类从大地的束缚中解放出来，使他们得以飞向天空；又将他们从血缘的锁链中，即从生物性的纽带中解放出来，使他们得以超越天使而升华。

Islam freed all humanity from the ties of the earth so that they might soar toward the skies, and freed them from the chains of blood relationships -the biological chains - so that they might rise above the angels.

穆斯林所居住并捍卫的家园，并非一片土地；穆斯林借以被识别的国籍，并非政府所规定的国籍；穆斯林在其中获得慰藉并加以捍卫的家庭，并非血缘关系；穆斯林所敬重、并为之殉难的旗帜，并非某个国家的旗帜；穆斯林所庆祝、并因之感谢真主的胜利，也并非军事上的胜利。它们是真主所描述的那样：

The homeland of the Muslim, in which he lives and which he defends, is not a piece of land; the nationality of the Muslim, by which he is identified, is not the nationality determined by a government; the family of the Muslim, in which he finds solace and which he defends, is not blood relationships; the flag of the Muslim, which he honors and under which he is martyred, is not the flag of a country; and the victory of the Muslim, which he celebrates and for which he is thankful to God, is not a military victory. It is what God has described:

当神的帮助与胜利降临，你看见人们成群结队地进入神的宗教时，你就应当赞颂你的主，并求他饶恕。他确是至宥的，常常接受悔罪者的忏悔。(110:1-3)

"When God's help and victory comes, and thou seest people entering into God's religion in multitudes, then celebrate the praises of thy Lord and ask His forgiveness. Indeed, He is the Acceptor of Repentance." (110:1-3)

胜利只在信仰的旗帜之下取得，不在其他任何旗帜之下。奋斗纯粹是为了真主，为了祂的宗教和祂的律法得以成功，为了保卫伊斯兰之地（Dar-ul-Islam，其具体情况我们已在前文述及），而别无其他目的。它不是为了战利品，也不是为了名声；不是为了一个国家或民族的荣誉，也不仅仅为了保护自己的家人，除非是在他们遭受宗教迫害时予以支持。

The victory is achieved under the banner of faith, and under no other banners; the striving is purely for the sake of God, for the success of His religion and His law, for the protection of Dar-ul-Islam, the particulars of which we have described above, and for no other purpose. It is not for the spoils or for fame, nor for the honor of a country or nation, nor for the mere protection of one's family except when supporting them against religious persecution.

殉道的荣誉只有在为了真主的事业而战斗时才能获得；如果某人是为了其他目的而被杀，就不能获得这份荣誉。

The honor of martyrdom is achieved only when one is fighting in the cause of God, and if one is killed for any other purpose this honor will not be attained.

任何与穆斯林因其信仰而交战、阻止他奉行宗教、并暂停伊斯兰教法实施的国家，即为战争之地（Dar-ul-Harb），即使他的家人、亲属或同胞居住在那里，或他的资本投资于那里，他的贸易或商业活动也在那个国家进行；任何伊斯兰信仰占主导地位、伊斯兰教法得以实施的国家，即为伊斯兰之地（Dar-ul-Islam），即使穆斯林的家人、亲属或同胞不住在那里，他与该国也没有任何商业往来。

Any country which fights the Muslim because of his belief and prevents him from practicing his religion, and in which the Shari'ah is suspended, is Dar-ul-Harb, even though his family or his relatives or his people live in it, or his capital is invested and his trade or commerce is in that country; and any country where the Islamic faith is dominant and its Shari'ah is operative is Dar-ul-Islam, even though the Muslim's family or relatives or his people do not live there, and he does not have any commercial relations with it.

祖国是指伊斯兰信仰、伊斯兰生活方式以及真主的沙里亚占主导地位的地方；只有这种意义上的"祖国"才配得上人类。同样，"民族"意味着信仰和生活方式，只有这种关系才配得上人的尊严。

The fatherland is that place where the Islamic faith, the Islamic way of life, and the Shari'ah of God is dominant; only this meaning of 'fatherland' is worthy of the human being. Similarly, 'nationality' means belief and a way of life, and only this relationship is worthy of man's dignity.

按家族、部落、民族、种族、肤色和国家进行的划分，是人类原始状态的残余；这些属于蒙昧时代（jahili）的划分，产生于人类精神价值处于低谷的时期。先知ﷺ称它们为"腐臭之物"，人的灵魂应当起而反抗它们。

Grouping according to family and tribe and nation, and race and color and country, are residues of the primitive state of man; these jahili groupings are from a period when man's spiritual values were at a low stage. The Prophet-peace be on him-has called them "dead things" against which man's spirit should revolt.

当犹太人以其种族和民族身份为依据，宣称自己是神的选民时，至高的真主驳斥了他们的主张，并宣告：在每个时代、每个种族、每个民族中，只有一个标准，那就是信仰。

When the Jews claimed to be the chosen people of God on the basis of their race and nationality, God Most High rejected their claim and declared that in every period, in every race and n every nation, there is only one criterion: that of faith.

{他们说:"你们要做犹太教徒或基督教徒,才能获得正道。"你说:"不,我们遵循亚伯拉罕的正教,他不是以物配主的人。"你们说:"我们信仰真主,信仰降示给我们的经典,信仰降示给易卜拉欣、伊斯玛仪、易斯哈格、叶尔孤白和各支派的经典,信仰赐予穆萨、尔撒和众先知的经典,从他们的主那里降示的。我们对他们之中任何一位都不分彼此,我们只顺服他。如果他们像你们所信的那样信仰,那么他们就是遵循正道了;如果他们背弃,那么他们确是陷入分裂。真主必保佑你们,他是全聆的,是全知的。"真主的洗礼!谁的洗礼比真主更好呢?我们只崇拜他。(2:135-138)}

"And they say: 'become Jews, or Christians; then you will be guided'. Say: 'Not so: The way of Abraham, the pure in faith; and he was not among those who associate other gods with God'. Say: 'We believe in God, and what has come down to us, and what has come down to Abraham, Ismail and Isaac and Jacob and the Tribes (of Israelites), and what was given to Moses and Jesus and to other Prophets by their Sustainer. We do not make any distinction among them, and we have submitted to Him. If then they believe as you have believed, they are guided; but if they turn away, then indeed they are stubborn. Then God suffices for you, and He is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. The baptism of God: and who can baptise better than God? And we worship Him alone." (2:135-138)

真正被神所拣选的人，是那些聚集在神的旗帜之下、不分种族、民族、肤色和国家差异的穆斯林群体。

The people who are really chosen by God are the Muslim community which has gathered under God's banner without regard to differences of races, nations, colors and countries.

你们是为人类而被创造的最优秀的民族。你们命人行善，禁人作恶，并且信仰真主。{你们是为人类而被创造的最优秀的民族。你们命人行善，禁人作恶，并且信仰真主。}(3:110) Wait, I must not include the verse braces as part of the translation; the user's text is the quote itself. Corrected: 你们是为人类而被推举出来的最优秀的民族：你们命人行善，禁人作恶，并且信仰真主。(3:110)

"You are the best community raised for the good of mankind. You enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil, and you believe in God." (3:110)

这正是那个共同体，其第一代中有来自阿拉伯的艾布·伯克尔、来自阿比西尼亚的比拉勒、来自叙利亚的苏海卜、来自波斯的赛勒曼，以及他们信仰上的兄弟。在他们之后的几代人也是如此。这里的民族主义即是信仰，这里的祖国即是伊斯兰之家（Dar-ul-Islam），这里的统治者即是真主，这里的宪章即是《古兰经》。

This is that community in the first generation of which there were Abu Bakr from Arabia, Bilal from Abyssinia, Suhaib from Syria, Selman from Persia, and their brothers in faith. The generations which followed them were similar. Nationalism here is belief, homeland here is Dar-ul-Islam, the ruler here is God, and the constitution here is the Qur'an.

这种关于家园、民族和血缘关系的崇高观念，应当深深铭刻在那些邀请人们走向真主者的心中。他们应当去除一切源自蒙昧时代（Jahiliyyah）的影响，这些影响会使这一观念不纯净，并可能带有哪怕是最细微的隐性以物配主（Shirk）成分，例如对家园的以物配主、对种族或民族的以物配主、对血统的以物配主，或对物质利益的以物配主。至高的真主在一节经文中提到了所有这些，祂把它们放在天平的一端，而把信仰及其责任放在另一端，并邀请人们做出选择。

This noble conception of homeland, of nationality, and of relationship should become imprinted on the hearts of those who invite others toward God. They should remove all influences of Jahiliyyah which make this concept impure and which may have the slightest element of hidden Shirk, such as Shirk in relation to homeland, or in relation to race or nation, or in relation to lineage or material interests. All these have been mentioned by God Most High in one verse, in which He has placed them in one side of the balance and the belief and its responsibilities in the other side, and invites people to choose.

"你说：如果你们的父亲、你们的儿子、你们的兄弟、你们的配偶、你们的亲族，以及你们所积聚的财产、你们担心滞销的商业，和你们喜爱的住宅，在你们看来比真主、他的使者和为主道而奋斗更可爱，那么你们就等待真主的命令降临吧；真主不引导悖逆的民众。」（9:24）

"Say: If your fathers and your sons and your brothers and and your spouses and your relatives, and the wealth which you have acquired, and the commerce in which you fear decline, and the homes in which you take delight, are dearer to you than God and His Messenger and striving in His cause, then wait until God brings His judgment; and God does not guide the rebellious people." (9:24)

伊斯兰的宣教者不应在心中对无明（Jahiliyyah）的本质、伊斯兰的本质，以及战争之地（Dar-ul-Harb）和伊斯兰之地（Dar-ul-Islam）的特征怀有任何表面的疑虑，因为正是这些疑虑使许多人陷入迷惑。确实，在伊斯兰不占主导地位、其律法（Shari'ah）未曾确立的地方，就没有伊斯兰；凡是不实行伊斯兰的生活方式和律法的地方，都不是伊斯兰之地。信仰之外只有不信，伊斯兰之外只有无明，真理之外只有虚妄。

The callers to Islam should not have any superficial doubts in their hearts concerning the nature of Jahiliyyah and the nature of Islam, and the characteristics of Dar-ul-Harb and of Dar-ul-Islam, for through these doubts many are led to confusion. Indeed, there is no Islam in a land where Islam is not dominant and where its Shari'ah is not established; and that place is not Dar-ul-Islam where Islam's way of life and its laws are not practiced. There is nothing beyond faith except unbelief, nothing beyond Islam except Jihiliyyah, nothing beyond the truth except falsehood.