Simply put, the Islamic ruling system consists of the following departments:

Khaleefah.

Delegated Assistants (Mu‘awin Tafweedh).

Executive Assistants (Mu‘awin Tanfeedh).

Governors (Wulah).

Amir of Jihad Judges (Qudah).

Administrative System (Jihaas Idaari).

Council of the Ummah (Majlis al-Ummah).

It should be noted that of these departments, three are actual rulers. A ruler is one who maintains the responsibility of implementing Islam, within the State and has the authority of executing Islamic punishments upon those who have violated any Islamic law. The other bodies have no authority to enforce Islamic laws on the people without the permission of the rulers.

The three bodies of rulers are the Khaleefah, Delegated Assistants and Governors. As for the judges, they incorporate two positions of actual ruling which are the Chief of Judges (Qadi al-Quda) and the Judge of Madhaalim (complaints against the State); while the other bodies of people are responsible for carrying out the orders of these rulers.

Of course, the head of state is the Khaleefah. This distinction places restrictions on where, when, and how the Delegated Assistants, Governors, Head of Judges and Judge of Madhaalim may execute their rule upon the people.

As such, the rulers within the Islamic State must be Muslims, males, just, free, able, adult, and sane.