A matsayin ɗalibi kuma mai neman ilimi, ya kamata mutum ya fara karatu da wuri a cikin yini, kuma magabata (As-Salaf) sun kasance masu dagewa da kulawa ta musamman kan wannan al'ada.

“As a student and seeker of knowledge, one should start early in the day when studying, and the Salaf were very constant and particular in this practice.

‘Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Hambal ya ruwaito cewa ya ji mahaifinsa yana cewa: “Wani lokaci, ina son in fita da wuri don in saurari Hadisi. Sai mahaifiyata ta kama tufafina, tana cewa: ‘Aƙalla ka jira a kira sallah da mutane su farka.’ Sai in fita da wuri zuwa darussan Abu Bakr bin ‘Ayyash da wasu.”154

‘Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Hambal narrated that he heard his father say: “Sometimes, I would want to go out early to hear Hadith. So, my mother would grab my clothes, saying: “At least wait for the prayer to be called and the people to wake up.” I would go out early to the classes of Abu Bakr bin ‘Ayyash and others.”154

Ya kamata ya shiga ajinsa da cikakken hankali, yana ’yantar da zuciyarsa daga dukkan abin da zai raba masa hankali. Ya gaishe abokan karatunsa da murya bayyananniya, sannan ya gaishe malaminsa da girmamawa da kulawa ta musamman. Daga nan sai ya zauna a gefen waje na da’irar, kuma kada ya matsa tsakanin abokan karatunsa sai dai idan malami ko abokan karatu sun kira shi ya matso kusa, kamar yadda al-Bukhari (Allah ya yi masa rahama) ya ruwaito daga Abu Waqid al-Laythi (Allah ya yarda da shi) cewa: a lokacin da Annabi ﷺ yana zaune a masallaci tare da wasu mutane, sai mutum uku suka zo. Biyu daga cikinsu suka zo gaban Annabi ﷺ, na uku kuwa ya tafi. Mutum biyun suka tsaya a gabansa na wani lokaci, sai daya daga cikinsu ya samu wuri a cikin da’irar ya zauna a can, yayin da dayan ya zauna a bayan taron, na uku kuwa ya tafi. Lokacin da Manzon Allah ﷺ ya gama jawabinsa, sai ya ce: “Shin, ba zan baku labarin wadannan mutane uku ba? Daya daga cikinsu ya nemi mafaka ga Allah, sai Allah ya karbe shi zuwa gare Shi. Na biyu ya ji kunya daga Allah, Allah kuma ya ji kunyar azabtar da shi. Na uku ya juya fuskarsa daga Allah ya tafi, saboda haka Allah shi ma ya juya fuskarsa daga gare shi.”155

“And he should enter his class with full attention, freeing his heart of all distractions. He should greet his fellow students in a clear voice, and he should then greet his shaykh with extra honor and attention. Then, he is to sit down at the outside edge of the circle, and he should not squeeze between his classmates unless the shaykh or classmates call him to move closer, as al-Bukhari (may Allah have Mercy on him) reported from Abu Waqid al-Laythi (may Allah be Pleased with him) that while the Prophet (peace be upon him) was sitting in the mosque with some people, three men came. Two of them came in front of the Prophet (peace be upon him), and the third one went away. The two people kept on standing before him for a while, and then one of them found a place in the circle and sat there, while the other sat behind the gathering, and the third one went away. When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) finished his speech, he said: “Shall I tell you about these three people? One of them took himself to Allah, so Allah took him nto Himself. The second felt shy from Allah, and Allah was Shy to punish him. The third turned his face from Allah and went away. So, Allah likewise turned His Face from him.”155

Kuma kada ya sa kowa ya tashi daga wurinsa, kuma idan wani ya zauna a wurinsa, kada ya dawo da shi sai dai idan akwai wata fa'ida a yin hakan.

And he shouldn’t make anyone get up from his spot, and if anyone takes his spot, he shouldn’t take it back unless there is some benefit in doing so.

Bai kamata ya zauna a tsakiyar da'ira ba sai dai idan akwai buƙatar hakan ba, kuma bai kamata ya zauna tsakanin abokai biyu ba sai da izininsu, sannan ya kasance kusa da shaikh gwargwadon yadda zai iya ba tare da ya dame kowa ba, domin ya fi jin kuma ya fahimci maganganunsa.

He shouldn’t sit in the middle of the circle unless there is a need for this, and he shouldn’t sit between two companions except with their permission, and he should be as close to the shaykh as he can without annoying anybody in order to best hear and understand his words.

Ya kamata ya yi amfani da mafi kyawun ɗabi'a tare da abokan karatunsa da abokansa, domin wannan alama ce ta girmama malaminsa da ajinsa, kuma ajin da darasi wuri ne mai tsarki da alfarma wanda ba a yarda a keta shi ba.

He should use the best manners with his classmates and friends, as this is a manifestation of respect to his shaykh and his class, and the class and lesson is holy, sacred space that is not allowed to be violated.

Ya kamata ya zauna da tawali'u da kyawawan halaye irin na dalibi, ba na malami ba. Kada ya rika daga murya sau da yawa ba tare da dalili ba. Maimakon haka, ya zauna a gaban malaminsa cikakken hankali da sauraro, kuma kada ya riga shi wajen bayani ko amsa tambaya.

He should sit with humility and character in the manner of a student, not a teacher. He shouldn’t raise his voice often without a reason. Rather, he should sit in front of his teacher fully attentive and listening, and shouldn’t precede him in explaining or answering a question.

Ya kamata ya fara darasin da cewa: "Da sunan Allah, Mai rahama, Mai jin kai."

He should begin the lesson by saying ‘In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.

Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah, kuma salati da aminci su tabbata ga Manzonsa ﷺ, da iyalansa, da sahabbansa. Sa'an nan ya yi addu'a domin malamansa, da iyayensa, da sauran Musulmi.

Praise be to Allah, and peace and prayers be on His Messenger, his Household, and Companions.’ Then, he should supplicate for the scholars, his teachers, his parents, and the rest of the Muslims.

Ya kamata ya mayar da hankalinsa ga malaminsa, kuma kada ya karanta ko yayi karatu idan zuciyarsa tana shagaltuwa da wani abu, ko kuma idan yana gajiya ko ya dame. Kada ya dage wajen yin tambayoyi, a maimakon haka ya kasance mai laushi, mai tausasawa, kuma mai natsuwa idan yana yin tambayar. Kada ya yi tambayoyi sai a lokacin da ya dace da wurin da ya dace, amma kada ya ji kunya daga yin tambayoyin da suka dace a lokacin da ya dace.

He should be focused on his shaykh, and he shouldn’t read or study while his heart is busy with something else, or if he is bored or tired. He shouldn’t be insistent in asking questions, and should instead be soft, gentle, and calm when doing so. He shouldn’t ask about questions except in their appropriate time and place, but should not be shy from asking the proper questions at the proper time.

Idan malamin ya tambaye shi, ‘Kana fahimta?’, kada ya ce ‘Eh’ sai dai idan da gaske yana fahimta, kuma kada ya ji kunya ya ce ‘Ban sani ba,’ ko ‘Ban fahimta ba.’ Mujahid (Allah ya yi masa rahama) ya ce: “Babu wanda ke da kunya ko girman kai da zai koyi wannan ilimi,” kuma ‘A’isha (Allah ya yarda da ita) ta ce: “Ina mafi kyawun matan Ansar! Kunya ba ta hana su koyon Addini ba,”156 al-Khalil bin Ahmad (Allah ya yi masa rahama) kuma ya ce: “Matsayin jahilci yana tsakanin kunya da girman kai.”157

If the shaykh asks him ‘Do you understand?’ he should not say ‘Yes’ unless he really does understand, and he shouldn’t be shy from saying ‘I don’t know,’ or ‘I don’t understand.’ Mujahid (may Allah have Mercy on him) said: “Nobody who is either too shy or too arrogant will learn this knowledge,” and ‘A’ishah (may Allah be Pleased with her) said: “How excellent are the women of the Ansar! They did not let their shyness prevent them from learning the Religion,”156 and al-Khalil bin Ahmad (may Allah have Mercy on him) said: “The station of ignorance is between shyness and arrogance.”157

Wannan shi ne abin da Allah ya sa aka iya bayyanawa game da ladubban mai neman ilimi. Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci ga mai neman ilimi ya sanya wannan ya zama abu na farko da zai fara karatu a kai, ya kuma ƙawata kansa da waɗannan ladubba a ciki da waje, ya kuma yi gaggawar samun da tara waɗannan halaye da siffofi a cikin kansa. Ina roƙon Allah, a matsayina na bawa mara ƙarfi, wulakantacce, cike da zunubai, cike da kasawa, koyaushe yana faɗawa cikin tarko, ina roƙonsa da Ya sanya waɗannan ladubba su zama abin da kowane ɗalibi da mai neman ilimi wanda ya tsarkake niyyarsa da burinsa domin Allah zai samu. Kuma ina roƙonsa da Girmansa da Hasken Fuskarsa, roƙon wanda yake matalauci, mai tsoro, kuma mai rauni, da Ya shiryar da Musulmi zuwa ɗaukar abu daga Alƙur'ani da Sunnar Annabinsa ﷺ ta hanyar da ba ta bar wurin bidi'a ko shirka ba, domin shi lallai Mai iko ne akan komai.

This is what Allah has made possible to clarify in regards to the manners of the knowledge seeker. So, it is essential for its seeker that he make this the first subject of study he sets his sights upon, and that he beautifies himself with these manners internally and externally, and that he rush to obtaining and collecting these traits and characteristics within himself. I ask Allah as a poor, humiliated servant who is filled with sins, full of shortcomings, always falling into traps – I ask Him to make these manners the prize obtained by every student and seeker of knowledge who has made his intention and concern purely for Allah, and I ask Him by His Glory and the Light of His Face – the request of one who is poor, fearful, and weak – that He Guide the Muslims to taking from the Qur’an and Sunnah of His Prophet (peace be upon him) in a manner that leaves no place for innovation or shirk, for He is indeed Capable of everything.

Tsarki ya tabbata a gare Ka, ya Allah, kuma godiya ta tabbata a gare Ka. Ina shaida cewa babu abin bauta da gaskiya sai Kai. Ina neman gafararka, kuma ina tuba zuwa gare Ka.

Glory be to You and by Your praise, O Allah, and I bear witness that none is worthy of worship except You. I ask Your Forgiveness, and I repent unto You.

Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah, a farko da ƙarshe, a ciki da waje, kuma Allah ya sanya yalwatacciya da cikakkiyar aminci da addu'o'i a kan Annabinmu Muhammad ﷺ, da iyalansa, da sahabbansa, kuma kiranmu na ƙarshe shi ne godiya ta tabbata ga Allah, Ubangijin talikai.

Praise be to Allah firstly and lastly, inwardly and outwardly, and may plenty and complete peace and prayers be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his Household, and his Companions, and our final call is that praise is for Allah, the Lord of the worlds.