Hadisi yana da inganci idan kowane mai ruwaito a cikin silsilar watsawa yana da adalci (adala) kuma daidaitaccen daidai (tamm al-dabt). Dole ne ya zama mai hankali, lafiyayyen hankali, balagagge kuma musulmi a lokacin da yake ruwaito hadisin.

A hadith is authentic if every narrator in a chain of transmission is of probity adala] and thoroughly accurate [tamm al-dabbt]. He must be intelligent, sane, mature and Muslim at the time of narrating the hadith.

Adalci yana nufin cewa mai ruwaitowa mutum ne mai taqwa [mai tsoron Allah]; ba mai karya ba ne, kuma ba ya aikata manyan zunubai. Idan ta kowace hanya ya aikata babban zunubi, yana tuba nan take. Irin wannan mutum kuma yana nisantar ƙananan zunubai gwargwadon iko, kuma idan ya aikata su, ba ya ci gaba da aikata su. Wannan mutum yana nisantar fasiƙanci [fisq] da kowane irin aikin batsa [fahsh], kuma yana da kishin mutunci bayyananne. Ba ya aikata irin ayyukan da ake ɗauka a matsayin abin kunya ko abin zargi a cikin al'ummar Musulunci. Misali, ba zai yi fitsari ba, ko ci da sha yana tsaye a fili ba.

Probity means that the narrator is a person of Taqwa [God-fearing]; he is not a liar and does not commit major sins. If by any chance a major sin is committed, he repents immediately. Such a person also avoids minor sins as much as possible and if he does, he is not consistent upon them. This person avoids transgression [fisq] and sexual misconduct [fahsh] of any kind and has a clear sense of honor. He does not commit such acts as are looked upon as disgraceful or disreputable in Islamic society. For example, he will not urinate or eat and drink while standing in public.

Wanda mutum mai cikakkiyar madaidaiciyar fahimta [al-tamm al-dabbt] yana nufin cewa mai ruwaitowa yana da hankali sosai. Wannan mutum dole ne ya mallaki ƙwaƙwalwa mai ƙarfi domin ya kiyaye ainihin kalmomin hadisi. Haka kuma yana da muhimmanci a haddace kalmomin daidai, ba tare da barin wata shakka game da ingancinsu ba.

A thoroughly accurate person [al-tamm al-dabbt] means that the narrator is extremely intelligent. This person must possess a strong memory so as to preserve the exact wordings of the hadith. It is also important that the words are memorized accurately, leaving no room for doubt about it being authentic.

Idan duk ma'auni da aka ambata sun cika ga kowane mai ruwaya, tun daga Sahabi har zuwa mai ruwaya na ƙarshe, a lokacin ne kawai hadisi zai zama sahihi. Idan dukkan sharuɗɗa sun cika, to hadisin sahihi ne da kansa. Idan wani mai ruwaya yana da rauni a ƙwaƙwalwa, ko kuma an ruwaito cewa halayensa ba su da kyau, amma hadisin yana samun goyon baya daga wasu hadisai, to hadisin sahihi ne.

If the aforementioned criteria are fulfilled by every narrator, from Sahaba to the last narrator, only then will a hadith be authentic. If all the requirements are fulfilled, then the hadith is a sound- in-itself narration . If a narrator is lacking in sharpness of memory or is reported to be of bad character but the hadith is corroborated by other ahadith, the hadith is a sound narration.

Idan mai ruwaito hadisi yana da ɗan rauni a wani hali nasa, wanda hakan ke bukatar a raunana hadisin, kuma babu wasu hadisai da ke tabbatar da shi, to ana kiran sa hadisi mai kyau [hasan].

If the narrator is lacking in some character, which calls for a weakening of the hadith and it is not corroborated by other ahadith, it is called a fair narration [hasan].

Idan sharuddan da ke sa hadisi ya zama sahihi ko hasan ba su samu a cikin mai ruwaya guda ko fiye da guda ba, to hadisin yana da rauni. Misali, idan mai ruwaya ba shi da adalci (riko da addini da kyawun hali) ko kuma ba shi da cikakkiyar daidaito wajen riƙe abin da ya ji, kuma hakan ya shafi ingancin hadisin, to za a rage hadisin zuwa hadisi mai rauni.

If the criteria that makes a hadith authentic or fair is not found in one or more than one narrators, then the hadith is weak. For example, if the narrator does not possess probity or is not thoroughly accurate, and the authenticity of the hadith is affected by it, the hadith will be degraded to a weak hadith.

Akwai manyan rassa huɗu na hadith. Waɗannan rassan suna tantance yadda hadith ɗin ya isa gare mu da kuma yanayin da yake a ciki.

There are four main branches of hadith. These branches determine how and in what condition the hadith reaches us:

1. Hadisi mutawatir Hadisi mutawatir hadisi ne da ake ruwaitosa daga tsara zuwa tsara da yawan mutane har ba zai yiwu a yi tunanin cewa sun yi shiri tare don ƙirƙira shi ba.

1. A mass-transmitted hadith [mutawatir] A mass-transmitted hadith is a hadith that is transmitted from one generation to the next in such large numbers, that one could not imagine that they conspired to forge it.

2. Hadisin mashhur Hadisin mashhur shi ne hadisin da mutum uku ko fiye suka ruwaito daga tsara zuwa tsara. Ana kuma kiran wannan hadisi da suna mustafid.

2. A well-known hadith [mashhur] A well-known narration is a hadith in which three people or more narrated a hadith from one generation to the next. This hadith is also called mustafid.

3. Hadisi Azizi Hadisin azizi shi ne hadisin da mutum biyu ko fiye da haka suka ruwaito daga wata tsara zuwa waccan tsara.

3. A rare hadith [aziz] A rare narration is a hadith in which two people or more narrated a hadith from one generation to the next.

4. Hadisi Gharib (Hadisi Maɗaukaki Ɗaya) Hadisi gharib shi ne hadisin da mutum ɗaya kaɗai ya ruwaito shi a dukkan matakan isnadi (sarkar ruwaito).

4. A solitary hadith [gharib] A solitary hadith is a hadith in which only one person narrated a hadith throughout the transmission.

Sauran kalmomin fasaha ma ana amfani da su:

Other terminologies are also used:

5. Hadisi mai ban mamaki (Hadith Shaadhdh) Hadisi ne ingantacce, amma yana sabawa da wasu hadisai da suka fi shi inganci.

5. An anomalous hadith A hadith that is authentic, but which conflicts with other ahadith that are more authentic than itself.

6. Hadisi da aka kiyaye Hadisi wanda yake ingantacce, amma ya saba wa wasu hadisai da ba su kai shi inganci ba.

6. A preserved hadith A hadith which is authentic, but which conflicts with other ahadith that are less authentic than itself.

7. Hadisin da aka ƙi [munkar] Hadisi ne mai rauni kuma wanda ya saɓa wa wasu hadisai ingantattu.

7. A declined hadith [munkar] A hadith that is weak and which conflicts with other ahadith that are authentic.

8. Hadith da aka karɓa: Hadith wanda mai ruwaitonsa yana da ƙarfi, kuma yana sabani da hadith wanda mai ruwaitonsa yana da rauni.