Vitu Haramu (Vilivyokatazwa) na Makruhu (Vinavyochukiwa) Ndani ya Msikiti
The Haram (forbidden) And The Makruh (disliked) Inside The Mosque
1. Kutema mate: Uislamu umeona kuwa si jambo linalopendeza kutema mate msikitini. Bukhari na Muslim wamepokea kutoka kwa Anas bin Malik kwamba Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alisema: "Kutema mate msikitini ni dhambi, na malipo yake ni kuyafukia." Baadhi ya Madhehebu yameifanya hata kuwa haramu.
1. Spitting: Islam has made it undesirable to spit in the mosque. Bukhari and Muslim reported on the authority of Anas ibn Malik that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Spitting in the mosque is a sin and its indemnity is to bury it.” Some Schools of Thought have actually made it forbidden.
2. Kuuza na kununua na kutangaza mnyama wa kupanda aliyepotea: Uislamu umefanya makruhu kununua na kuuza msikitini. Al-Tirmidhi na al-Nisai wameripoti kwa mamlaka ya Abu Hurayrah kwamba Mtume wa Mwenyezi Mungu ﷺ alisema: "Ukimwona mtu anayenunua na kuuza msikitini, mwambie: 'Mwenyezi Mungu asifanye biashara yako kuwa yenye faida', na ukimwona mtu anayetangaza kupotea kwa mnyama wake wa kupanda, mwambie: 'Mwenyezi Mungu asikurudishie mnyama huyo'." Baadhi ya Madhehebu ya kifikra wameifanya hii kuwa haramu kabisa.
2. Trading and announcing the lost riding beast: Islam has made makruh to buy and sell in the mosques. Al-Tirmidhi and al-Nisai reported on the authority of Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “If you saw a man buying and selling in the mosque, say to him, ‘May Allah never make you trade profitable’, and if you saw a man announcing the lost of his riding beast say to him, ‘May Allah never return it to you’.” Some Schools of Thoughts have actually made this forbidden.
3. Kukaa katika halaka kabla ya Sala ya Ijumaa: Uislamu umekataza kukaa katika halaka kabla ya Sala ya Ijumaa, lakini baadhi ya Madhehebu ya Kifiqhi wamelifanya jambo hilo kuwa mubah.
3. Sitting in circles before the Friday prayer: Islam has made it forbidden to sit in circles before the Friday prayer, and some the Schools of Thoughts have in fact made it mubah..
4. Kupamba na kujivunia misikitini: Anas amesimulia kwamba Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ alisema, "Saa haitasimama mpaka watu wajivunie kwa misikiti." Hadith hii imepokewa na Bukhari, Muslim, al-Nisa'i, Ibn Majah na Abu Dawud. Ibn 'Abbas amesimulia kwamba Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ alisema, "Sikuamrishwa kupamba misikiti." Hadith hii imepokewa na Abu Dawud. Hili linahusu hasa upambaji na urembo wa misikiti, na baadhi ya Madhehebu yamelifanya kuwa jambo lenye ruhusa (mubah).
4. The decorating and the boasting about in the mosques: Anas reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The hour will not come until people boast in mosque.” This hadith has been reported by Bukhari, Muslim, al-Nisa‘i, Ibn Majah and Abu Dawud. Ibn ‘Abbas narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “I was not ordered to decorate the mosques.” This hadith has been reported by Abu Dawud. This actually refers to the decorating and beautification of the mosques and some Schools of Thoughts have actually made it mubah.
5. Kuunganisha vidole pamoja (kuvuka vidole) msikitini: wanazuoni wakubwa wa madhehebu yote wamekubaliana juu ya kwamba kuunganisha vidole pamoja msikitini ni jambo lisilopendeza. Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri amesimulia: "Niliingia msikitini pamoja na Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ, na kulikuwa na mtu aliyekaa katikati ya msikiti akiwa amekunja magoti yake pamoja na akiunganisha vidole vyake pamoja."
5. The joining (crossing) of the fingers together in the mosques: the learned scholars of all Schools of Thought have consented on the undesirability of joining the fingers together in the mosque. Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri reported, “I entered the mosque with the Messenger of Allah (saw) and there was a man sitting in the middle of the mosque with his knees together and joining his fingers together.
Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alimwelekezea kidole, lakini yule mtu hakumtambua, hivyo Mtume wa Allah ﷺ akageuka na kusema: "Mmoja wenu akiwa ndani ya msikiti, asiunganishe vidole vyake, kwa kuwa hiyo ni kitendo cha Shaytani; na kila mmoja wenu yuko katika sala mradi tu yumo ndani ya msikiti, hadi atoke humo." Hadithi hii imepokelewa na Imam Ahmad. Baadhi ya Madhehebu wameifanya kuwa haramu.
The Messenger of Allah (saw) pointed to him but the man did not notice him, so the Messenger of Allah (saw) turned around and said, ‘If any of you were inside the mosque let him not join his fingers together as this is an act of Shaytan and every one of you is in fact in prayer as long as he is inside the mosque until he comes out of it’.” This hadith has been reported by Imam Ahmad. Some Schools of Thought have made this forbidden.
6. Kuzuia masomo ya fiqh, tafsiri, sayansi, tilawah (kisomo cha Qur’ani) na mambo ya sasa ya Waislamu: Sharia ya Kiislamu imeharamisha kabisa kwa mtu yeyote kuzuia kutajwa kwa jina la Allah (swt), kufundishwa kwa dini Yake (swt), na kuitumia dini kusimamia mambo ya Waislamu. Yeyote anayezuia jambo hilo anachukuliwa kuwa mwenye dhambi na adui wa Allah (swt) na Mtume Wake ﷺ, uaminifu wake utapungua, atakuwa mdhalimu, ushahidi wake hautakubaliwa, na urafiki naye hautakuwa mzuri. Madhehebu yote ya Kiislamu yanakubaliana juu ya hili, kwa sababu Allah (swt) anasema, “???” [TMQ : ] Msikiti ni mahali pa umma ambapo hakuhitajiki ruhusa ya kuingia: Maulamaa wa madhehebu yote ya Kiislamu wamekubaliana kwamba msikiti ni Nyumba ya Allah (swt), na kwamba Yeye (swt) amewapa ruhusa kila mtu kuingia ndani yake ili kutaja jina Lake (swt), kumwabudu Yeye (swt), na kujadili mambo ya Waislamu ndani yake, kama alivyofanya Mtume wa Allah ﷺ, Maswahaba zake ﷺ, familia yake ﷺ, na al-Salaf al-Salih (watangulizi wema).
6. To prevent the study of fiqh, tafseer, science, tilawah (recitation of the Qur’an) and the current affairs of the Muslims: The Islamic Shari‘ah has made it categorically forbidden for anyone to prevent the mention of the name of Allah (swt) and the teaching of His (swt) deen and the application of the deen to manage the affairs of the Muslims. Anyone doing the prevention is considered sinful and an enemy of Allah (swt) and His Messenger, and his credibility would be tarnished, he would become a wrongdoer, no testimony would be accepted of him and his company would be undesirable. All Islamic Schools of Thought agree on this for Allah (swt) says, “???” [TMQ : ] The mosque is a public place which does not require a permission for entry: The learned scholars of all the Islamic Schools of Thought have consented that the mosque is the House of Allah (swt) and that He (swt) has given permission to everyone to enter into it in order to mention His (swt) name, worship Him (swt) and study the affairs of the Muslims inside it, just like what the Messenger of Allah (saw), his (saw) Sahabah, his (saw) family and al-Salaf al-Salih (the righteous successors)
used to do. Baadhi ya Madhehebu ya kifiqhi wamezingatia kwamba mtu anayewazuia watu kuingia misikitini ni kafiri na mtoka dini, na mtu anayeweka sharti la kutafuta ruhusa ya kuingia misikitini kwa kisingizio cha taratibu za kiutawala na kiutendaji anachukuliwa kuwa fasiq (mwenye kufanya maasi) na mubtadi‘ (mzushi); hii ni kwa sababu ruhusa ya kuingia msikitini inatolewa na Allah (swt) na ina asili ya jumla. Anasema (swt), “ ???” [TMQ : ] Ruhusa hii inahusu kila mahali panapojulikana kuwa ni msikiti, kwa kuwa Allah (swt) anasema, “???” [TMQ : ]
used to do. Some Schools of Thought have considered the one who prevents people from entering the mosques as being a disbeliever and an apostate, and the one who imposes the seeking of a permission to enter the mosques under the pretext of organisational and administrative formalities is considered a fasiq (wrongdoer) and a mubtadi‘ (innovative); this is so because the permission to enter the mosque is given by Allah (swt) and it is of general nature. He (swt) says, “ ???” [TMQ : ] This permission applies to every place known as a mosque, for Allah (swt) says, “???” [TMQ : ]