人们可能会想到，"纳赫达"（Nahdah，复兴）代表科学进步、产量提高、工厂林立，以及在生活物质形态中运用技术与创新；并且认为"纳赫达"仅仅意味着进步，意味着社会与人民从一种境况迈向更好的境况。这种理解甚至使一些人想象，凡是经济繁荣的国家都已经复兴了。然而，这一说法与许多经济繁荣、物质生活丰裕、生活富足的国家所呈现的实际情况相矛盾，而这些国家实际上正是最落后、最衰败的国家之一。

It could come to the mind that the Nahdah represents scientific progress, increased production, the abundance of factories and the use of technology and innovation in the material forms used in life with the consideration that the Nahdah only means progress and the moving of the society and people from one condition to a better one. This understanding reached the point to where some imagined that every land that experiences economic affluence is revived despite this statement being contradictory to the witnessed sensed reality in many of the lands that enjoy economic flourishing, abundance in the material forms of life and affluence in living whilst in reality being from amongst the most backward and declined countries.

因此，有必要对“النهضة”（An-Nahdah，复兴/振兴）下一个定义，阐明其含义以及实现它的方式。它是否如某些人所主张的那样：在于普及教育、增加财富，或者对抗疾病与传染病？基于这种理解，他们认为导致落后的原因——即贫困、无知和疾病——是否就必须被消除和根除？

For this reason it is necessary to give a definition of An-Nahdah, define its meaning and the manner of achieving it. Is it as some have claimed: the spread of education, the increase of riches or combating illnesses and diseases? And based on this understanding the reasons they claim to be the cause of backwardness i.e. Poverty, ignorance and disease need be cancelled out and removed?

这些学校、教育机构和大学的大量涌现，以及各学科中拥有高等学位的大批大学毕业生，是否就证明这个国家正在复兴，或证明它正走在通往复兴的道路上？

Is the abundance of schools, educational institutes, universities, large numbers of university graduates carrying higher certifications in all disciplines a proof of the revival of the country or that it is upon the path leading to revival?

很明显可以感觉到，许多落后国家因拥有高等学历的毕业生数量庞大而蒙受损失。这已发展到他们成为负担和压力、成为沉重包袱的地步，因为这些国家无法为他们提供体面的收入，结果迫使这些毕业生离开故土，到别处寻求他们的生计（Rizq）。因此有必要实施一项教育政策，以应对众多领域中大量毕业生所带来的挑战。该政策的做法是：设定一定比例的录取通过率，并同时规定一定数量的招生名额，以吸纳这些毕业生——他们有朝一日将站在各部门的门前，寻求工作或能够维持生计的职位。

It can be clearly sensed that many of the backward countries have suffered due to the great number of graduates holding higher certifications. This has reached the point where they have become a burden and strain upon them and a heavy weight, as they have been unable to provide them with a dignified income which has compelled these graduates as a result to leave these lands and seek their Rizq (sustenance) elsewhere. This has made it necessary to implement an education policy to meet the challenge of the large number of graduates in a large number of fields and this is done through putting down a policy based on a specific percentage of passes in addition to a specific number of admissions to absorb those graduates who one day will be standing at the doors of the departments seeking work or a position that will provide them with a living.

在许多被视为落后、被归入其所谓"第三世界国家"的地区，拥有毕业证书和更高学历证书者的比例，远高于最先进国家中的相应比例。事实上，这些毕业生（来自穆斯林国家的）已被输往世界各个角落，尤其是那些最为复兴、最为先进的国家；此外，他们中的许多人甚至放弃了自己的国籍，以便在那些异国他乡生活。

The percentage of graduates and those carrying higher certifications in many of the lands that are considered to be backward and are categorised under what they have called third world countries is much greater than the percentage of graduates and those holding higher certifications found in the most progressive countries. Indeed what has happened is that these graduates (from the Muslim lands) have been exported to all corners of the world and particularly to the most revived and progressive states and on top of that many of them have even given up their nationalities in order to live in those foreign lands.

因此,如果我们考察第三世界中的任何一片土地(即我们伊斯兰世界的土地),我们就会看到那令人惊叹、使有见识者困惑的景象。以埃及、巴基斯坦、约旦、叙利亚或土耳其等为例,你会发现这些国家有数以万计的子弟在教育以及各个领域获得了更高的学位,包括医学、物理学、工程学、化学、原子研究和技术领域。他们离开了自己的国土,去寻找谋生的出路,因此许多人定居在美国、德国以及其他复兴和进步的国家,另外还有世界上的其他地方。

Therefore if we examine for example any land from amongst the lands of the third world (i.e. the lands of our Islamic world) then we would see that which amazes the minds and baffles those of understanding. Take for example Egypt, Pakistan, Jordan, Syria or Turkey amongst others and you will find that tens of thousands of the sons of these states hold higher certifications in education and across all areas including medicine, physics, engineering, chemistry, atom studies and technological areas. They have left their lands and gone in search for a source of sustenance and as such many have settled in America, Germany and many other lands from amongst the revived and progressive nations in addition to other lands in the world.

这个问题引发了许多讨论点，许多作家和思想家都就此发表过看法，并冠以诸如“成熟的头脑被偷走了”、“头脑向头脑之地的飞逝”、“美国用金钱购买了我们的头脑”等颇具煽动性的标题，此类标题不一而足。尽管如此，这些头脑和这大批的毕业生却未能复兴乌玛、使其崛起。

This issue has given rise to many points of discussion and many writers and thinkers have spoken about it under titles such as: ‘The ripe minds have been stolen’ or ‘The flight of the minds to the land of the minds’ or ‘America has bought our minds with money’ amongst other similarly provocative headings and titles. Despite this, these minds and this plentiful number of graduates have been incapable of reviving the Ummah and elevating her.

通过简单地审视这些国家，我们会发现其中蕴藏着数量惊人的原材料、自然资源和人力资源，难以言表。我们可以用一句概括性的话来总结：“它们是世界上最富饶的地区，拥有真主所赐予它的一切，以及祂特别为它所选择的恩惠。”尽管如此，它们却深陷极度贫困之中，在沉重的债务负担下苦苦挣扎，以至于为了支付先前贷款的利息，又不得不继续借债。它们无力履行所被要求的义务，并且不断要求修改还款计划，结果一场危机尚未结束，一场更大的新危机便已来临，局势比以前更加糟糕。

By taking a simple look at these states we find within them an abundance of raw materials, natural resources and manpower which is beyond words and we can summarise this in the summarized statement: ‘They represent the richest part of the world in terms of what Allah has granted it with and the favours that he has specifically chosen for it’. In spite of this they suffer from extreme poverty and languish under the heavy burden of debts to the point that it borrows more just to pay the interest on the previous loans. They are unable to fulfil what is demanded from them and persist upon demanding revisions to the loan schedule so that one crisis does not end before a new one begins which is even greater and the situation becomes worse than before.

这种状况的原因不外乎两点：其一，负责乌玛事务的人对"奴合达"（复兴）的含义及实现之道缺乏认识，因而在政策制定和管理民众事务上盲目摸索、磕磕绊绊；其二，他们不过是其主子的代理人，是乌玛的叛徒，其职责在于驯服民众，使土地保持为主子的沃土、开放的矿山和广阔的市场，而正是这些主子将他们安置在统治民众的职位上。此外，这两种情况也可能兼而有之，即无知与对主子的奴役和依附相结合。

The reason for this does not go beyond one of two matters: It is either the ignorance of those who are responsible for the Ummah’s affairs, in regards to the meaning of Nahdah and the way of achieving it, so they stumble about randomly in their policies and caretaking of the people’s affairs. Or they are merely agents to their masters and traitors to their Ummah whose job is to tame the people and keep the lands a fertile ground, open mine and vast market for their masters who placed them in the positions of authority over the people. They could also be a combination of the two matters combining their ignorance to their servitude and agency to their masters.

鉴于此，有必要理解什么是"Nahdah"（复兴），它所建立的根基，以及通往其实现的道路。

In light of this it is necessary to understand what the Nahdah is, the foundations that it is established upon and the path that leads to its achievement.