3.1. Ma'anoni Gabaɗaya
3.1. The General Meanings
[Mun cire misalai da yawa na amfani da kalma, kamar yadda ake samunsu a kamus, waɗanda Maulana Maududi ya bayar a cikin asali sosai dalla-dalla, saboda ƙila ba za su dace da mai karatun Turanci ba, kuma a kowane hali ba su da muhimmanci sai dai ga wani mai shakka mai ƙwazon neman kuskure kawai saboda Maulana Maududi ne ke faɗin wani abu. Abu Asad] Tushen wannan kalma yana da harafai uku (r, b, b), kuma ma'anarsa ta asali ita ce renon mutum, tarbiyya da haɓakawa. Idan muka dubi faɗin ma'anar tushen kalmar da kuma sigoginta daban-daban, za mu ga cewa tana da waɗannan ma'anoni:
[We have omitted the numerous examples of usage, as one finds them in the lexicon, and which Maulana Maududi gave in the original in great detail because they may not interest the English reader end in any case do not matter except for some crass doubter someone bent on finding fault simply because it is Maulana Maududi who is saying something. Abu Asad] The three radicals of this word are the letters (r, b, b) and the basic meaning is to bring up. If we take into account the wider meaning of the root word and its various derivatives, we find that it has following connotations:
Wanda yake rene, tarbiyya, reno ko ciyarwa, ko kuma yana da alhakin yin dukkan waɗannan ko ɗaya ko fiye da ɗaya daga cikinsu.
• One who brings up, rear, fosters or nourishes, or is responsible for doing all or one or more than one of these.
• Majiɓinci, mai kāre.
• Guardian, patron.
Wanda ke kula ko ke da alhakin aiwatar da gyare-gyare.
• One who supervises or is responsible for carrying out improvements.
Wanda ke riƙe da matsayi na tsakiya ko na gaba-gaba, wanda kansa yake tara mutane a kewayensa da kansa, ko wanda mutane ke taruwa a kewayensa da kansu.
• One who occupies a central or focal position, who himself gathers people round himself of his own or round whom people gather out themselves.
• Shugaba, shugaban al'umma, babban jagora, ko ubangiji.
• Leader, head, chief, or lord.
Wanda ake biyayya ga kalamansa, kuma wanda ake amincewa da ikonsa ko mulkinsa, kuma wanda yake da iko na yin umarni ga mutane ko abubuwa.
• One whose word is obeyed, and whose supremacy or over lordship acknowledged, and who has authority to dispose of men or things.
Mai shi.
• Owner.
Malam.
• Master.
Amfanin Kalmar a cikin Alƙur'ani
The Qur'ānic Uses of the Word
A cikin Alkur'ani kalmar tana zuwa da dukkan ma'anonin da aka ambata a sama, wani lokaci a cikin ma'ana guda ɗaya kawai, wani lokaci a cikin biyu, wani lokacin kuma a cikin fiye da haka, ma har ma da dukkan biyar, kamar yadda misalan da ke biye za su nuna:
In the Qur'ān the word is used in all of the above meanings, sometimes in only one sense, sometimes is in two, and sometimes in more, or even all the five, as the following examples will show:
(i) Yusuf (Joseph) ya ce (ga matar Potiphar, a lokacin da ta yi ƙoƙarin jarabtarsa): "Allah ya kiyaye! Shi ne Ubangijina wanda ya karrama ni da kyakkyawar masauki" (kuma ba zan aikata zalunci ba, na zama mai butulci mai zunubi). [Yawancin malamai sun fassara wannan kalma, kamar yadda aka yi amfani da ita a nan, da ma'anar 'maigida', kuma suna nufin Potiphar. Amma ni ina ganin akasin haka. A ra'ayina, fuloti "wanda" yana da alaƙa da kalmar da ke gabansa kai tsaye, wato "Allah", kuma ina ganin ba dole ba ne a matse ma'ana har a nemi alaƙa da wani mutum wanda ba a ambace shi ba kwata-kwata. A. A. Maududi]
(i) And Yousuf (Joseph) said (to Potiphar’s wife, when she tried to seduce him):‘May God forbid! He is my Rabb [Many commentators have taken this word, as used here, to mean ‘master; v and to refer to Potiphar. I, however, hold differently. According to my thinking, the pronoun ”who” is related to its immediate antecedent, “Allah” (God) and I think it is unnecessary straining of the sense to seek to relate it to a person who is not mentioned at all. A. A. Maududi]Who has provided handsomely for me’ (and I shall not behave as an ingrate sinner.
(al-Yusuf 12:23)
"(Waɗannan allolin da kuke bautawa) su maƙiyana ne; sai dai Allah, Ubangijin dukkan halittu, Wanda ya halicce ni, Wanda ya shiryar da ni, Wanda ya ciyar da ni, ya kuma shayar da ni, kuma idan na yi rashin lafiya, Shi ne ke warkar da ni." (Ash-Shu'araa 26:77-80)
“(These gods whom you worship) they are enemies to me; not so Allah, the Rabb of all the worlds, Who created me, Who gives me guidance, Who gives me food and drink, and Who, when I am ill, restores me to health. (ash-Shu’araa 26:77-80)
(iii) Babu wani alheri face da abin da yake daga wurin Allah, kuma duk lokacin da wata masifa ta same ku, gare Shi kuke yin kuka a lokacin wahalarku; amma idan Ya kawar da ita, sai ga wasu daga cikinku suna shirka da Ubangijinsu (suna danganta wani da shi a matsayin wanda shi ma ya ba da gudummawa ga arzikinku ko lafiyarku). ()