Malaman shari'a sun yarda cewa tsarkin shari'a (tahara) nau'i biyu ne: tsarkin daga hadath (najasar ɗabi'a/ƙazantar al'ada ta ibada) da tsarkin daga khabath (ƙazantar zahiri).23 24 Sun kuma yarda cewa tsarkin daga hadath nau'i uku ne: alwala (wudu'), wanka (ghusl), da madadinsu, wato alwala da tsaftataccen ƙasa (tayammum).?* Wannan saboda suna cikin ayar alwala,25 wadda ta yi magana a kan waɗannan al'amura. Za mu fara, daga cikinsu, da tattaunawa a kan alwala. Mun ce:

The Muslim jurists agreed that shai*i (legal) purity (tahdra) is of two types: purity from hadath (ritual impurity) and purity from khabath (physical impurity).23 24 They also agreed that purity from hadath is of three kinds: ablution (wudi?), bathing (gZws/), and their substitute, ablution with clean earth (tayammum)?* This is because of their inclusion in the verse of ablution,25 which dealt with these issues. We shall begin, out of these, with a discussion of ablution. We say: