Baadhi ya Hukumu (Ahkaam) Kuhusu Kufunga
Some Of The Ahkaam (rulings) On Fasting
(6) Kuna aina ya funga ambayo lazima ifungwe siku mfululizo, kama funga ya Ramadhani, au funga ya kulipia kafara ya kumuua mtu kwa kosa, au kumpa talaka mke kwa zihaar [aina ya talaka ya kijahiliya ambapo mwanaume humwambia mke wake, “Wewe kwangu ni kama mgongo wa mama yangu” – Mtafsiri], au kujamiiana mchana wakati wa Ramadhani. Pia, mwenye kuweka nadhiri ya kufunga siku mfululizo lazima aitimize.
(6) There is the kind of fasting that must be done on consecutive days, like fasting in Ramadaan, or fasting to expiate for killing someone by mistake, divorcing one’s wife by zihaar [a jaahili form of divorce in which a man says to his wife, “You are to me as the back of my mother” – Translator], or having intercourse during the day in Ramadaan. Also, one who makes a vow to fast consecutive days must fulfil it.
Pia kuna aina nyingine ya kufunga ambayo si lazima ifanywe siku mfululizo, kama vile kulipa siku zilizokosekana katika Ramadhani, kufunga siku kumi kwa yule asiyekuwa na kafara ya kuchinja, kufunga kwa ajili ya kafara ya kiapo (kwa mujibu wa wengi wa wanazuoni), kufunga kwa ajili ya kufidia kuvunja masharti ya ihram (kwa mujibu wa maoni sahihi zaidi), na kufunga kwa ajili ya kutimiza nadhiri pale ambapo mtu hakuwa na nia ya kufunga siku mfululizo.
There is also the other kind of fasting which does not have to be done on consecutive days, such as making up days missed in Ramadaan, fasting ten days if one does not have a sacrifice, fasting for kafaarat yameen (according to the majority), fasting to compensate for violating the conditions of ihraam (according to the most correct opinion), and fasting in fulfilment of a vow in cases where one did not have the intention of fasting consecutive days.
(7) Funga za sunnah hufidia upungufu wa funga za faradhi. Mifano ya funga za sunnah ni Saumu ya ‘Aashuraa, Saumu ya ‘Arafah, Ayyaam al-Beed [tarehe 13, 14 na 15 za miezi ya Kiislamu – Mtafsiri], Saumu ya Jumatatu na Alhamisi, siku sita za Shawwaal, na kufunga zaidi katika mwezi wa Muharram na Sha‘baan.
(7) Voluntary fasts make up for any shortfall in obligatory fasts. Examples of voluntary fasts include ‘Aashooraa, ‘Arafaah, Ayyaam al-Beed [the 13th, 14th and 15th of the hijri months – Translator], Mondays and Thursdays, six days of Shawwaal, and fasting more during Muharram and Sha’baan.
(8) Haijuzu kuchagua siku ya Ijumaa kwa kufunga (al-Bukhaari, Fath al-Baari, no. 1985), wala kufunga siku ya Jumamosi, isipokuwa ikiwa ni funga ya lazima (imepokewa na kuthibitishwa kuwa ni hasan na al-Tirmidhi, 3/111). Inakusudiwa kuchagua siku hiyo bila sababu yoyote. Haijuzu kufunga maisha yote, wala kufunga siku mbili au zaidi mfululizo bila kupumzika, yaani kufunga siku mbili au tatu mfululizo bila mapumziko kati yake.
(8) It is not permitted to single out a Friday for fasting (al-Bukhaari, Fath al-Baari, no. 1985), or to fast on a Saturday, unless it is an obligatory fast (reported and classed as hasan by al-Tirmidhi, 3/111) – what is meant is singling it out without a reason. It is not permitted to fast for an entire lifetime, or to fast for two days or more without a break, i.e., to fast two or three days without a break in between.
Ni haraam kufunga siku mbili za Eid, wala Ayyaam al-Tashreeq, ambazo ni tarehe 11, 12 na 13 ya Dhoo’l-Hijjah, kwa sababu hizi ni siku za kula na kunywa na kumkumbuka Allaah. Lakini inaruhusiwa kwa yule ambaye hana kafara ya kuchinja kufunga siku hizo (Ayyaam al-Tashreeq) akiwa Mina.
It is haraam to fast on the two Eid days, or on the Ayyaam al-Tashreeq, which are the 11th , 12th and 13th of Dhoo’l-Hijjah, because these are the days of eating and drinking and remembering Allaah, but it is permissible for the one who does not have a sacrifice to fast them (Ayyaam al-Tashreeq) in Mina.