قَضَى اللهُ ما هو خيرٌ وما هو شرٌّ، فأمّا قَضاؤُه بما هو خيرٌ، فهو ما كان خيرًا في ذاته قطعًا ومطلقًا، قضاؤُه وقَدَرُه له، وفيما يترتّب عليه.

Allaah () decrees that which is good and that which is evil. As for His decreeing that which is good, it is that which is certainly and absolutely good in itself – the decree and decision of it, and in that which results from it.

مِثَالُ القَضَاءِ الحَسَنِ القَضَاءُ وَالحُكْمُ بِرِزْقِ البَشَرِ وَأَمْنِهِمْ وَطُمَأْنِينَتِهِمْ وَهِدَايَتِهِمْ وَنُصْرَتِهِمْ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ. فَكُلُّ هَذِهِ حَسَنَةٌ فِي قَضَائِهَا وَفِي نَتِيجَتِهَا.

An example of good decree would be the decree and decision to provide mankind with sustenance, safety and security, tranquility, guidance, support, etc. These are all good in their decree and its result.

وأما القضاء بما هو شر، فهو في الحقيقة خير في قضائه (فإن الله لا يقضي إلا بمقتضى أعلى درجات الحكمة)، وإن كان قد يفضي إلى الشر.

As for decreeing that which is evil, it is actually good in its decree (Allaah makes decisions only based on the highest level of wisdom) even though it may result in evil.

ومثال هذا النوع الأخير الجفاف، أي حبس المطر. وهذا يُفضي إلى الشرّ (مشقّات تصيب الناس)، ومع ذلك فإنّ قضاء الله به خير. فكيف يكون قضاء الجفاف شيئًا حسنًا؟ فلو سأل سائل: «قضى الله وقدّر أن يُصيبنا زمنٌ من الجفاف، فتهلك المواشي وتفسد الزروع، فكيف يكون هذا خيرًا؟» فنجيبه: اسمع قول الله (): ﴿ظَهَرَ الْفَسَادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ لِيُذِيقَهُم بَعْضَ الَّذِي عَمِلُوا لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ﴾ [سورة الروم: 41]. ففي هذه الحالة يكون القضاء لأعظم خير وأحمد غاية، وهي رجوع الناس إلى الله ()، والرجوع من معصيته إلى طاعته. فقد يكون المآل شرًّا، ومع ذلك فإنّ القضاء والتقدير في أصله خير.

An example of this latter type would be a drought – the withholding of rain. This results in evil (hardships upon the people), yet Allaah’s decreeing it is good. How is decreeing a drought something good? If someone were to ask, “Allaah decreed and decided to put upon us a time of drought; the livestock die and the crops are ruined, so how is this good?” To this we reply to listen to this statement of Allaah (), “Corruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by (as a result of) what the hands of people have earned so that He may let them taste part of what they have done that perhaps they may return (in repentance).” [Soorah ar-Room, 30:41] In this case, the decree is for the utmost good and the most praiseworthy reason – the people returning to Allaah (), returning from sinning against Him to His obedience. So the result may be evil, yet the initial decree and decision is good.

وفي هذه العبارة، كلمة «ما» بمعنى «الذي»، وهنا هي اسمٌ موصول.

So in this statement is the word Maa “What” and here it is a Ism-ul-Mawsul “a Relative Pronoun”.

لہٰذا صحیح معنی یہ ہے:

Thus the proper meaning is:

"اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِنَا... وَقِنَا شَرَّ مَا قَضَيْتَ" — "Protect us from the evil that You decreed." Allaah Most High decrees with evil due to His complete and commendable wisdom. The "maa" ("what") here is not Maa al-Masdariyyah, "to introduce a clause equivalent to a masdar or infinitive," which would mean "Your divine decree contains evil," but rather it is a relative pronoun with the meaning of الَّذِي (al-Ladhee), "the one who." This is because the decree and decision of Allaah is never evil in itself. For this, the Prophet ﷺ once said while praising his Lord, "The good, all of it, is in Your two hands, and evil is not attributed to You."10

“Protect us from the evil that You decreed” Allaah Most High decrees with evil due to (His) complete and commendable wisdom. The 
1 (maa) “what” here is not Maa al-Masdariyyah “To introduce a clause equivalent to a masdar or infinitive” which would mean “Your divine decree contains evil” rather it is a relative pronoun with the meaning of U  V (al-Ladhee) “The one who”. This is because the decree and decision of Allaah is never evil in itself. For this, the Prophet (
) once said while praising his Lord, “The good, all of it, is in Your two hands, and evil is not attributed to You.”10

لا يُنسَب الشرُّ إلى الله أبدًا.

So evil is never associated with or attributed to Allaah.