Al-Fiqh
The meaning of Al-Fiqh:
Al-Fiqh linguistically means: ‘Al-Fahm’ (understanding). Allah Ta’Aalaa said upon the tongue of Mousaa (as):
And untie the knot from my tongue (so that) they understand (Fiqh) my speech (TaHa 28).
Which means that they ‘understand’ what I say to them.
The meaning of Al-Fiqh in accordance to the Istilaah (terminological definition) of the ‘Ulamaa of Usool ul-Fiqh is:
‘It is the ‘Ilm (knowledge) of the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah taken from its detailed evidences’.
Explanation of the definition:
Al-Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah:
What is intended by this is: Al-Waajib, Al-Mandoob, Al-Mubaah, Al-Makrooh and Al-Haraam.
What is intended is also: As-Sabab, Ash-Shart, Al-Maani’, Al- ‘Azeemah, Ar-Rukhsah and As-Sihhah, Al-Fasaad and Al-Butlaan.
Al-‘Amaliyyah (practical):
That which has a relationship to the actions of the ‘Ibaad (slaves) like the Salaah, the Jihaad, the trade and appointing a Khalifah for the Muslims.
Al-Mustafaadah:
That which is taken without Istinbaat (deduction) and that which is taken by way of Istinbaat.
Al-Adillah At-Tafseeliyah (the detailed evidences):
These are the Adillah Al-Juz’iyah (partial evidences) like the Aayah or the Hadeeth or a part from them both like: “Aqeemu-s-Salaah” (establish the prayer) and like: “Allah has made Bai’ (trade) Halaal”.