Al-Kalaam (speech) is letters that have sounds coming out from the furthest part of the throat to the end of the mouth and the lips. There are 28 letters (Huroof) and from these letters the Arabs constructed or composed speech (Kalaam) that contains meaning. It can consist of a letter (harf) like the Harf Al-Jarr ‘Al-Baa’u’ from two letters like ‘Min’ (and ‘Kam’ from three letters like ‘Rajul‘and ‘Ilm’ from four Huroof (letters) like ‘ Samaa’un’ and ‘Dahraja’ and from five letters like ‘Julmood‘ and ‘Isbakara' They did not set or provide an original word that was above 5 letters and words would only increase through adding a letter or two or three upon the original letters of the words (to provide extra meanings). They made these additional letters restricted to ten which are all found within the word ’ (Sa’altumoonihaa) (meaning: You (pl.) asked me it). So for example the word 'ا سْتِصْحا ب ‘ is from the origin of ‘صحب ‘whilst the rest of the letters are an addition to that and not from its root or origin. In respect to the word: ‘افُتِتَاح ‘it is taken from the word ‘ فُتَحَ' whilst the rest of the letters are additional.

1 – Al-Mufrad: It is made up of and consists of one Kalimah (word).

This is divided into: The Harf (preposition), the F’il (verb) and the Ism (noun).

2 – The Murakkab: It is what is made up of or consists of two words or more.

This is divided into a number of types:

A – Al-Murakkab Al-Isnaadiy (Attributing composition): This refers to attributing a matter or thing to another matter or thing like attributing ‘Tool’ (length) to ‘Al-Qalam’ (pen) when you say: Qalam Taweel (A long pen).

The Murakkab Al-Isnaadiy is of two types: Khabar and Inshaa’.