3.1. Umumiy ma'nolar
3.1. The General Meanings
[Biz bu so'zning ko'plab foydalanish misollarini qoldirdik, ularni leksikonda uchratish mumkin va Mavlono Mavdudiy asl matnda ularni batafsil keltirgan edi, chunki ular ingliz tilidagi o'quvchini qiziqtirmasligi mumkin va, baribir, ular hech narsani anglatmaydi, faqat Mavlono Mavdudiy aytgan har qanday gapdan nuqson qidiradigan ba'zi bir shubhalanuvchi odamga kerak bo'lishi mumkin. Abu Asad] Bu so'zning uchta asosiy harfi (r, b, b) bo'lib, uning asosiy ma'nosi tarbiyalash, voyaga yetkazish demakdir. Agar ildiz so'zning kengroq ma'nosini va uning turli hosilalarini hisobga olsak, quyidagi ma'nolarni topamiz:
[We have omitted the numerous examples of usage, as one finds them in the lexicon, and which Maulana Maududi gave in the original in great detail because they may not interest the English reader end in any case do not matter except for some crass doubter someone bent on finding fault simply because it is Maulana Maududi who is saying something. Abu Asad] The three radicals of this word are the letters (r, b, b) and the basic meaning is to bring up. If we take into account the wider meaning of the root word and its various derivatives, we find that it has following connotations:
• Tarbiyalaydigan, o‘stiradigan, ta’lim-tarbiya beradigan, parvarish qiladigan yoki ularning barchasi yoki bir nechtasini bajarishga mas’ul bo‘lgan shaxs.
• One who brings up, rear, fosters or nourishes, or is responsible for doing all or one or more than one of these.
• Vali, homiy.
• Guardian, patron.
Yaxshilanishlarni amalga oshirishni nazorat qiluvchi yoki shu ishga mas'ul bo'lgan shaxs.
• One who supervises or is responsible for carrying out improvements.
Markaziy yoki asosiy o‘rinni egallagan shaxs — o‘zi o‘ziga xos sabablar bilan odamlarni atrofiga to‘playdigan yoki odamlar o‘zlari atrofida to‘planadigan kishi.
• One who occupies a central or focal position, who himself gathers people round himself of his own or round whom people gather out themselves.
• Rahbar, boshliq, sardor yoki xo‘jayin.
• Leader, head, chief, or lord.
Itoat qilinadigan, hukmronligi va ustunligi tan olingan hamda odamlar va narsalar ustidan tasarruf qilish huquqiga ega bo'lgan kishi.
• One whose word is obeyed, and whose supremacy or over lordship acknowledged, and who has authority to dispose of men or things.
Egasi.
• Owner.
Ustoz.
• Master.
Qur'on so'zining Qur'ondagi qo'llanishlari
The Qur'ānic Uses of the Word
Qur'onda bu so'z yuqorida keltirilgan barcha ma'nolarda ishlatilgan: ba'zan faqat bir ma'noda, ba'zan ikki ma'noda, ba'zan esa undan ko'p ma'noda, hatto besh ma'noning hammasida ham, quyidagi misollar buni ko'rsatadi.
In the Qur'ān the word is used in all of the above meanings, sometimes in only one sense, sometimes is in two, and sometimes in more, or even all the five, as the following examples will show:
(i) Va Yusuf (Yusuf alayhissalom) dedi (Potifarning xotini uni yo'ldan ozdirmoqchi bo'lganda): «Olloh asrasin! U mening Robbim, menga yaxshi joy bergan zotdir» [Ko'pgina sharhlovchilar bu so'zni, bu o'rinda ishlatilganidek, «xo'jayin» ma'nosida tushunib, Potifarga nisbat beradilar. Men esa boshqacha fikrdaman. Mening fikrimcha, «U» olmoshi o'zining bevosita oldingi so'zi, ya'ni «Olloh» (Alloh) ga bog'liqdir va bu o'rinda hech qanday eslatilmagan shaxsga nisbat berishga urinish ma'noni keraksiz tarzda cho'zish bo'lar edi. A. A. Maududiy]. (Shunday ekan) men nankor gunohkor bo'lib qolmayman».
(i) And Yousuf (Joseph) said (to Potiphar’s wife, when she tried to seduce him):‘May God forbid! He is my Rabb [Many commentators have taken this word, as used here, to mean ‘master; v and to refer to Potiphar. I, however, hold differently. According to my thinking, the pronoun ”who” is related to its immediate antecedent, “Allah” (God) and I think it is unnecessary straining of the sense to seek to relate it to a person who is not mentioned at all. A. A. Maududi]Who has provided handsomely for me’ (and I shall not behave as an ingrate sinner.
(al-Yusuf 12:23)
("Siz ibodat qilayotgan bu xudolar") ular menga dushmandirlar; lekin Alloh, butun olamlarning Rabbi, — Meni yaratgan, Menga hidoyat bergan, Menga ovqat va ichimlik bergan va Men kasal bo‘lganimda meni sog‘aytiradigan Zotdir. (Ash-Shu‘aro 26:77-80)
“(These gods whom you worship) they are enemies to me; not so Allah, the Rabb of all the worlds, Who created me, Who gives me guidance, Who gives me food and drink, and Who, when I am ill, restores me to health. (ash-Shu’araa 26:77-80)
(iii) Sizda bor bo'lgan har qanday yaxshilik Allohdandir, va sizga biror balo yetganda, Unga iltijo qilasiz; so'ng U sizdan balonni ketkazganda, ichingizdan bir guruhlar Rabbingizga sherik keltiradilar (ya'ni, rizqingiz yoki sog'lig'ingizga yana kimdir ham hissa qo'shgan deb hisoblaydilar). (an-Nahl 16:53-54)
(iii) And there is not any good thing except that it comes from Allah, and whenever any mishap befalls yen, it is to Him you turn in your distress; but when He has removed it, there are those among you who associate others with their Rabb (as having also contributed to your provision or health). (an-Nahl 16:53-54)