“他使两片流水自由流动，它们相遇交汇：

“He has let free the two bodies of flowing water, meeting together:

"在它们之间有一道屏障，它们不相逾越。"[古兰经 55:19-20] 在阿拉伯文原文中，barzakh（巴尔载赫）一词的意思是屏障或隔断。然而，这道屏障并非有形的隔墙。阿拉伯词 maraja 的字面意思是"它们两者相遇并相互交融"。

Between them is a Barrier which they do not transgress.” [Al-Qur’an 55:19-20] In the Arabic text the word barzakh means a barrier or a partition. This barrier, however, is not a physical partition. The Arabic word maraja literally means ‘they both meet and mix with each other’.

早期的古兰经注释学者无法解释关于两片水域的两种相反含义，即它们相遇并交融，同时它们之间又有一道屏障。现代科学已经发现，在两片不同海洋相遇的地方，它们之间存在一道屏障。这道屏障将两片海洋分隔开来，使每片海洋都拥有自己的温度、盐度和密度。1

Early commentators of the Qur’an were unable to explain the two opposite meanings for the two bodies of water, i.e. they meet and mix, and at the same time there is a barrier between them. Modern Science has discovered that in the places where two different seas meet, there is a barrier between them. This barrier divides the two seas so that each sea has its own temperature, salinity and density.1

海洋学家现在更有能力解释这节经文。两片海之间存在一道倾斜的、肉眼看不见的水障，海水正是通过它从一片海流向另一片海。

Oceanologists are now in a better position to explain this verse. There is a slanted unseen water barrier between the two seas through which water from one sea passes to the other.

但是，当一片海的水流入另一片海时，它会失去其独特的特征，并与另一片海的水混合为一体。从某种意义上说，这道屏障就起到了两股水体之间过渡性混合区域的作用。

But when the water from one sea enters the other sea, it loses its distinctive characteristic and becomes homogenized with the other water. In a way this barrier serves as a transitional homogenizing area for the two waters.

这一现象在《古兰经》的下列经文中也有提及：

This phenomenon is also mentioned in the following verse of the Qur'an:

“并在两片流动的水体之间设置了屏障吗？”[《古兰经》27:61] 这种现象在多处都可以见到，例如地中海与大西洋之间的直布罗陀海峡就有这样的分界。在南非好望角半岛的好望角，大西洋与印度洋相汇之处，也能清楚地看到一道白色的分界线。

“And made a separating bar between the two bodies of flowing water?” [Al-Qur’an 27:61] This phenomenon occurs in several places, including the divider between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean at Gibralter. A white bar can also be clearly seen at Cape Point, Cape Peninsula, South Africa where the Atlantic Ocean meets the Indian Ocean.

但当《古兰经》谈到淡水与咸水之间的分界时，它提到了存在“一道不可逾越的屏障”，即那道隔离之物。

But when the Qur’an speaks about the divider between fresh and salt water, it mentions the existence of “a forbidding partition” with the barrier.

“祂使两片流动的水域自由地交汇:

“It is He Who has let free the two bodies of flowing water:

一种甜美可口，另一种咸涩苦口；然而他在两者之间设置了一道屏障，以及一道禁止越过的界限。

one palatable and sweet, and the other salty and bitter; yet has He made a barrier between them, and a partition that is forbidden to be passed.

【古兰经 25:53】现代科学发现，在河口地区，淡水与咸水相遇，其情况与两片咸水海相遇之处有所不同。人们发现，河口淡水与咸水的区别在于一个“密度跃层带，其中存在明显的密度不连续面，将两层水分隔开”。¹ 这一分隔带（分界带）的盐度既不同于淡水，也不同于咸水。2

[Al-Qur’an 25:53] Modern science has discovered that in estuaries, where fresh (sweet) and salt water meet, the situation is somewhat different from that found in places where two salt water seas meet. It has been discovered that what distinguishes fresh water from salt water in estuaries is a “pycnocline zone with a marked density discontinuity separating the two layers.”1 This partition (zone of separation) has a salinity different from both the fresh water and the salt water.2

这种现象在多个地方都会出现，包括埃及，尼罗河在那里注入地中海。

This phenomenon occurs in several places, including Egypt, where the river Nile flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

这些在《古兰经》中提到的科学现象，也得到了美国科罗拉多大学地质科学教授、著名海洋科学家威廉·海博士的证实。

These scientific phenomena mentioned in the Qur’an was also confirmed by Dr. William Hay, a wellknown marine scientist and Professor of Geological Sciences at the University of Colorado, U.S.A.

杜尔加·拉奥教授是海洋地质学领域享有世界声誉的专家，曾任教于吉达的阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹国王大学。他受邀就以下经文发表评论：

Prof. Durga Rao is a world renowned expert in the field of Marine Geology and was a professor at King Abdul Aziz University in Jeddah. He was asked to comment on the following verse:

或者(不信道者的状态)

“Or (the Unbelievers’ state)

就像深不可测的广阔海洋中的黑暗深渊，一层层巨浪叠着巨浪，其上又笼罩着（乌黑的）云层。

is like the depths of darkness in a vast deep ocean, overwhelmed with billow topped by billow, topped by (dark) clouds:

层层黑暗，彼此叠压：

depths of darkness, one above another:

“若有人伸出手，几乎看不见它！凡是安拉不赐予光明的人，就没有光明！”[《古兰经》24:40] 拉奥教授说，科学家直到现在才借助现代仪器证实，海洋深处是一片黑暗。

if a man stretches out his hand, he can hardly see it! For any to whom Allah giveth not light, there is no light!” [Al-Qur’an 24:40] Prof. Rao said that scientists have only now been able to confirm, with the help of modern equipment, that there is darkness in the depths of the ocean.

人类在没有辅助设备的情况下，无法潜入水下超过20至30米，也无法在深度超过200米的深海区域中生存。这节经文并非指所有的海洋，因为并非每一片海都能被描述为层层叠加的黑暗。它特指深海或大洋，正如《古兰经》所说："深海中的黑暗"。深海中这种层层叠加的黑暗，是由两个原因造成的：

Humans are unable to dive unaided underwater for more than 20 to 30 metres, and cannot survive in the deep oceanic regions at a depth of more than 200 metres. This verse does not refer to all seas because not every sea can be described as having accumulated darkness layered one over another. It refers especially to a deep sea or deep ocean, as the Qur’an says, “darkness in a vast deep ocean”. This layered darkness in a deep ocean is the result of two causes:

1. 光线由彩虹中可见的七种颜色组成。这七种颜色是紫、靛、蓝、绿、黄、橙、红（VIBGYOR）。光线照射到水面时会发生折射。水的上层10至15米会吸收红色。

1. A light ray is composed of seven colours seen in the rainbow. These seven colours are Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange and Red (VIBGYOR). The light ray undergoes refraction when it hits water. The upper 10 to 15 metres of water absorb the red colour.

因此,如果潜水员在水下25米处受伤,他将无法看到自己血液的红色,因为红色光线无法到达这个深度。同样,橙色光线在30至50米处被吸收,黄色在50至100米处被吸收,绿色在100至200

Therefore, if a diver is 25 metres under water and gets wounded, he would not be able to see the red colour of his blood, because the red colour does not reach this depth. Similarly, orange rays are absorbed at 30 to 50 metres, yellow at 50 to 100 metres, green at 100 to 200