6.5 Vitengo vya Kufundishia
6.5 Teaching units
Kila somo la mtaala wa shule limegawanywa katika vitengo vya kufundishia, ambapo kila kitengo kinashughulikia sehemu fulani ya somo ambayo inaweza kusomwa kama kitengo kimoja ndani ya kipindi cha juu cha siku themanini na tatu (83), yaani katika kozi moja. Wataalamu wanasimamia kila somo la masomo ili kuchora na kubainisha sehemu ya somo itakayosomwa katika kila muhula na katika kila hatua ya shule. Vivyo hivyo, wanasimamia kugawanya somo katika vitengo vinavyolingana na uwezo na umri wa wanafunzi. Vitengo vya somo huendelea kwa mfuatano hadi somo lote litakapofunikwa katika hatua zote tatu za shule, iwe mfuatano huo ni kutoka rahisi hadi changamano kama katika Hisabati na sayansi ya kimajaribio, au kutoka kwa jumla hadi kwa maelezo na matawi kama katika masomo ya Siira ya Mtume ﷺ na Historia ya Kiislamu. Katika masomo ya kisayansi kama Hisabati, vitengo hivi huanza na mfumo wa kuhesabu na hesabu rahisi kama kujumlisha na kutoa, kisha huendelea hadi kuzidisha na kugawanya; kisha sehemu (pembe) na kazi zake, zikifuatiwa na aljebra na milinganyo. Kisha, katika hatua za juu, mwanafunzi husoma kanuni za milinganyo tofauti na Hesabu ya Muunganyiko, Hisabati ya Juu na kadhalika, hadi mtaala wote wa Hisabati uliopitishwa utakapofunikwa katika hatua za shule.
Each school curriculum subject is divided into teaching units, with each unit covering a defined portion of the subject capable of study as one unit within a maximum period of eighty-three (83) days i.e. in one course. Experts supervise each study subject in order to draw and define (the portion of) the subject to be studied in each term and each school stage. Likewise, they supervise dividing the subject into units corresponding to student ability and age. Subject units graduate sequentially until the entire subject is covered in the three school stages whether this sequence is from the easier to the more complicated as in Mathematics and Empirical sciences, or from comprehensive to details and branches like as in the subjects of the Prophetic Seerah and Islamic History. In scientific subjects like Mathematics, these units commence with the system of counting and simple arithmetic like addition and subtraction, then graduating to multiplication and division; then fractions and their functions, followed by algebra and equations. Then, in advanced stages, the student studies the principles of differential equations and Integral Calculus, Higher Mathematics and so on until the entire adopted Mathematics curriculum is covered in the school stages.
Mbuni wa mtaala anapaswa kuhakikisha kwamba somo linaendana na umri wa wanafunzi, na kugawanya somo linalokusudiwa kufundishwa katika hatua zote katika vitengo vya kufundishia visivyozidi 36, kila kitengo kikiwa katika kitabu chenye namba ya kozi itakayosomwa. Idadi ya vitengo vya kufundishia inaweza kuwa chini ya 36 kwa masomo yanayofundishwa katika mihula ya baadaye, kwa mfano fizikia. Kwa mfano, kemia katika tawi la sayansi ina vitengo 12; wanafunzi wanaweza kuanza kitengo cha kwanza katika muhula wa 25 na kuendelea hadi muhula wa 36 wa tawi la sayansi la hatua ya shule, ilhali somo la maarifa ya jumla, ambalo lina vitengo 12, linaweza kuanza katika muhula wa 13 na kumalizika katika muhula wa 24.
This requires the curriculum designer for specific teaching units to ensure that the subject conforms to student age, and to divide the subject intended for study in all stages into a maximum of 36 units, each unit in a book bearing the number of the course it will be studied in. The number of teaching units could be less than 36 for the subjects taught in later term e.g. physics. For instance, chemistry in the scientific branch is composed of 12 units; the students may commence the first unit in the 25th term and move onwards until the 36th term of the scientific branch of the school stage, whereas the general knowledge subject which is composed of 12 units, can commence in the 13th term and end in the 24th term.
Kitabu hiki kinabeba nambari ya kipindi pamoja na nambari ya kozi itakayosomwa. Kwa mfano, katika muhula wa 25, mwanafunzi anasoma Hisabati kipindi 25/25, Kanuni za Sarufi (qawa'id) kipindi 13/25, Maarifa ya Jumla kipindi 12/25, Ufasaha wa Lugha (Balagha) kipindi 6/25 na kadhalika.
The book bears the unit number as well as the course number to be studied in. So in the 25th term, for instance, the student studies Mathematics unit 25/25, Principles (qawa’id) unit 13/25, General Knowledge 12/25, Eloquence (Balagha) unit 6/25 etc.