Maudhui ya Kisheria ya Qur'aan
Legal Content Of The Qur’aan
Sheria ya Kiislamu katika Qur'ani inajumuisha vitendo mbalimbali ambavyo vimewekwa kuwa wajibu kwa wanadamu kwa amri ya Mwenyezi Mungu. Vitendo hivi vinaweza kugawanywa katika makundi mawili makuu kulingana na wahusika wanaohusika katika vitendo hivyo:
Islamic Legislation In The Qur’aan Is Comprised Of A Variety Of Acts Which Have Been Enjoined By Divine Decree On Mankind. These Acts May Be Grouped In Two Basic Categories With Regard To The Parties Involved In The Acts:
A. Mahusiano kati ya Allah na binadamu. Hizi ni ibada za kidini ambazo hazisihi bila nia sahihi. Baadhi yake ni aina safi za ibada za kidini, kama vile Swala na Saumu; nyingine ni aina za ibada za kijamii na kiuchumi, kama vile Zakaah (sadaka ya lazima); na nyingine bado ni aina za ibada za kijamii na kimwili, kama vile Hijja (safari ya kwenda Makkah). Ibada hizi nne zinachukuliwa kuwa msingi wa Uislamu baada ya imani (Iymaan).
A. Dealings between Allaah and men. These are the religious rites which are not valid without correct intentions. Some of them are purely religious forms of worship, like prayer and fasting; while others are socio-economic forms of worship, like Zakaah (compulsory charity); and yet others are sociophysical forms of worship, like Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah). These four acts of worship are considered the foundation of Islaam after faith (Eemaan).
B. Mahusiano baina ya watu. Sheria zinazosimamia mahusiano haya nazo zinaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu nne kulingana na mada ya mahusiano hayo: a) Sheria zinazohakikisha na kulinda kuenea kwa Uislamu.
B. Dealings among men. The laws governing these dealings may themselves be divided into four sub-sections relative to the subject matter of the dealings: a) Laws ensuring and defending the propagation of Islaam.
Hizi, zimejumuishwa katika kanuni za mapambano ya silaha au yasiyo ya silaha (Jihaad).
These, are embodied in the codes of armed or unarmed struggle (Jihaad).
b) Sheria za kifamilia kwa ajili ya kuendeleza na kulinda muundo wa familia. Hizi zinajumuisha sheria zinazohusu ndoa, talaka na urithi.
b) Family laws for the development and protection of the family structure. These include laws concerning marriage, divorce and inheritance.
c) Sheria za biashara zinazosimamia miamala ya kibiashara, mikataba ya kukodisha n.k.
c) Trade laws governing business transactions, rental contracts etc.
d) Sheria za jinai zinazobainisha adhabu na/au fidia kwa makosa mbalimbali.24
d) Criminal laws specifying punishments and or compensations for various crimes.24