正是基于这一权威观念,《古兰经》竭尽全力地论证,否定除真主以外任何他者的神性,并断言神性唯独属于祂。经文明确宣称,天地之间只有一位存在者拥有并行使一切权能与一切权威。一切受造之物都属于祂、顺服祂;一切恩典与福佑唯独从祂而来;话语唯独属于祂,一切权力与权威也唯独归于祂。凡存在之物,无论有生命还是无生命,都受祂所制定的法则约束,并在此限度内顺从祂,或出于自愿,或出于被迫。除祂之外,无人拥有这样的权威,也无人掌管宇宙的事务。无人知晓创造的奥秘,无人了解其构成方式,也无人懂得如何妥善地管理它。最后,无人在祂的主权与权威中拥有哪怕最微小的一份。

It is this very concept of authority on the basis of which the Qur'ān expends the whole force of its argument in rejecting the claims to godhood of all others than God, and affirming it to vest exclusively in Him. It categorically asserts that there is only One Being in the heavens and the earth Who possesses and exercises all the powers and all the authority. All Creation is His, and subservient to Him, all grace and blessings flow from Him alone, His alone is the Word, and in Him alone vest all power and authority. Everything that exists, whether animate or inanimate, is bound by the laws made by Him and is, to that extent, subservient and submissive to Him, willingly or unwillingly. No one besides Him is possessed of any such authority, nor does anyone else dispose of the affairs of the universe. No one else knows the secrets of the Creation or its organisation or the manner of its proper management. Nor, lastly, does anyone have the least share in His Sovereignty and Authority.

因此,唯一的真理是:除了祂以外没有应受崇拜的主宰(ilaah)。既然如此,人们假定除祂之外的任何人在任何意义上是应受崇拜的主宰而去做的事,按其本质都是完全错误的,无论是向某人祈祷,向他寻求庇护,怀着希望或畏惧转向他,请求他为自己向真主说情,还是把他当作最终的权威。人们与他人建立的一切此类关系,都应当只与至高的真主之间存在,唯独且专一,因为唯有祂是宇宙的主宰。

Therefore, the only reality is that there is no ilaah but He and, this being so, anything that men do on the supposition of anyone else being an ilaah in any sense whatsoever is by its very nature utterly wrong, whether it be the act of praying to someone, seeking refuge with him, turning to him with hope or fear, seeking his intercession with God, or treating him as the final authority. All such relationships which people establish with others ought to exist solely and exclusively with Allah Almighty, because He alone is the Sovereign of the Universe.

现在让我们详细看看《古兰经》对此事的论述。

Let us now see the Qur'ānic treatment of the matter in some detail:

他独自是天上的伊拉赫，也是大地上的伊拉赫；他独自是至睿的，是全知的（即他独自拥有统治这一主权所需的智慧与学识）。（az-Zukhruf 43:84）

And He alone is the Ilaah in the heavens and the Ilaah in the earth; and He alone is the all-Wise, the All-Knowing (that is, He alone possesses the wisdom and the knowledge required for governing such a Domain). (az-Zukhruf 43:84)

难道创造的与不创造的能够相同吗？你们难道不省悟这个简单的道理吗？……那些你们舍真主而祈祷的，它们什么也不创造，而它们自己也是被造的……你们的伊拉赫只有一位伊拉赫。

Can He Who creates, and he who does not, be alike? Have you not sense to realize this simple fact? ...And those whom the people pray to other than Allah, do not create anything and are themselves creatures…your ilaah is only one Ilaah….

(an-Nahl 16:17-22)

(an-Nahl 16:17-22)

hi人类啊！你们当铭记真主赐予你们的恩典。除了真主之外，还有别的造物主能从天上和地下赐给你们给养吗？除他之外，没有应受崇拜的主。你们怎么还被迷惑而背离真理呢？（法蒂尔 35:3）

O mankind: Call unto mind the grace of God unto you; is there any Creator besides Allah, to give you sustenance from heaven or earth; there is no ilaah but He; how, then, are you deluded from Truth? (al-Fatir 35:3)

对他说（先知啊）：“你们看，如果真主夺去了你们的听觉和视觉，并封印了你们的心（即使它们对任何合理的教诲都变得麻木不仁），那么，除真主之外，还有哪个伊拉赫能把这些还给你们呢？……”（古兰经 6:46）

Say (O Prophet): “Think you, if God took away your hearing and your sight, and sealed up your hearts (that is, hardened them to the acceptance of any sensible precept), which ilaah is there, besides Allah, who could restore them to you?….” (al-An’aam 6:46)

他就是真主——唯一的神，除他之外别无应受崇拜的神明。今世与后世的一切赞颂，都只归于他；审判与主权只属于他，你们终将被召归于他。 你说（先知啊）：“你们想过没有？如果真主使黑夜延续到复活日，除他之外，还有哪位神明能为你们带来光明呢？你们难道不听吗？”你说（对他们）：

And He is Allah–the God: no god there is but He; To Him alone is due all praise, in this world and the next; His alone is the Command and Sovereignty, and to Him alone will you be returned. Say (O Prophet): ”Have you ever thought that, if Allah should make the night continue till Doomsday, which ilaah is there besides Him who could bring you any light? Do you not hearken?” Say (to them, O Prophet):

你是否想过，如果安拉让白昼延续到末日，除了祂之外，还有哪位应受崇拜的主能把黑夜还给你，让你在其中安息呢？难道你们看不见吗？（古兰经 28:70-72）

”Has it ever occurred to you that if Allah should make the day perpetuate over you till Doomsday, who is the ilaah other than He who can give you back the night that you may rest in it? Do you not see?” (al-Qasas 28:70-72)

{说（先知啊）：“你们可以祈求除真主以外你们所臆想的那些，他们不拥有天上和地下的一粒微尘，他们在天地间也没有任何份额，他们中也没有任何人是真主的辅助者。除非真主允许某人，否则任何说情都不能在祂那里生效……”}（赛伯邑章 34:22-23）

Say (O Prophet): “Call upon the others whom you fancy, besides Allah; they do not own even an atom in the heavens or on earth; no sort of share have they therein, nor is any of them a helper to God. No intercession can avail with Him, except where He himself permit it in anyone’s favour....” (as-Saba’ 34:22-23)

他(真主)以真理创造了天地;祂使黑夜笼罩白昼,使白昼笼罩黑夜;祂使太阳和月亮服从(祂的法度),每一个都按照规定的时限运行……祂从一个人创造了你们所有人(即让人类的生命得以存在),然后从他创造了他的配偶;并为你们降下八对牲畜;祂在你们母亲的腹中,分阶段地、一个接一个地造化你们,处在三重黑暗之中;这就是真主,你们的主和创造者;主权全归于祂;除祂以外别无应受崇拜的主宰;那么,你们怎么还会背离而去呢?"(《队伍》39:5-6)

He (God) created the heavens and the earth with Truth; He makes the night overlap the day, and the day overlap the night; He has subjected the sun and the moon (to His law); each one follows a course for a time appointed... He created you all from a single person (that is, brought human life into existence); then created out of him his mates; and sent down for you eight heads of cattle in pairs; He makes you, in the wombs of your mothers, in stages, one after another, in three veils of darkness; such is God, your Lord and Creator; to Him belongs all dominion; there is no god but He; how then, do you get turned another way?” (az-Zumar 39:5-6)

是谁创造了天地，又从天上降下雨水？我们借雨水让那些美丽而令人愉悦的茂盛园圃生长出来，而你们并没有能力使其中的树木生长。难道在真主之外还有别的伊拉赫吗？不，他们是偏离真理的一群人。 是谁使大地稳固可供居住，在其中开辟河流，使山岳稳立不动，并在两片流动的水体之间设置了一道屏障？难道在真主之外还有别的伊拉赫吗？不，他们大多数并不知道。 是谁应答痛苦之灵的呼求，消除它的苦难，并使你们（人类）继承大地——也就是说，赋予你们支配大地以实现自身目的的权力？难道在真主之外还有别的伊拉赫吗？

Who is it who has created the heavens and the earth, and who sends down rain from the sky? Yea, with it We cause to Brow well-planted orchards full of beauty and delight; it is not in your power to cause the growth of the trees in them. Can there be another ilaah besides Allah? Nay, they are a people who swerve from reality. Who has made the earth firm to live upon, made rivers in its midst, act thereon mountains immovable, and made a separating bar between the two bodies of flowing water? Can there be another ilaah besides Allah? Nay, most of them know not. Who listens to the (soul) distressed when it calls to Him, and who relieves its suffering, and make you (mankind) inheritors of the earth-that is, gives you authority to utilise your purposes? Can there be another ilaah besides Allah?

你们很少觉察。谁在陆地与海洋的黑暗深处引导你们？谁让风作为报喜的使者，预告他的慈悯，降下雨水？除了真主之外，还有别的伊拉赫吗？真主超越于他们所妄加的配偶！谁创造万物，然后使之重复，谁从天上和地上赐予你们给养？除了真主之外，还有别的伊拉赫吗？

Little it is that you heed. Who guides you through the depths of darkness on land and sea, and who sends the winds as heralds of glad tidings, of His Mercy in the form of rain? Can there be another ilaah besides Allah?–High is God above what they associate with Him! Who originates Creation, then repeats it, and who gives you sustenance from heaven and earth? Can there be another ilaah besides Allah?

你们若是诚实的，就请拿出你们的证据来吧。（《蚂蚁》27:60-64）

Say, ”Bring forth your arguments, if you be in the right ” (an-Naml 27:60-64)

祂拥有天地的主权；祂没有生子，在主权上也没有伙伴；是祂创造了万物，并以精确的尺度安排了它们。然而，人们却在祂之外取了一些神明，它们自己也是被造的，什么也创造不了；它们既不能为自己带来益处，也不能避免损害；它们不能掌握死亡、生命，也不能掌握复活。

He (is the One) to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; no son has He begotten, nor has He a partner in His dominion; it is He Who created all things, and ordered them in due proportion. Yet have people taken, besides Him, gods that can create nothing but are themselves created, that have no control over harm or good to themselves; nor can they control Death nor Life nor Resurrection.

（古兰经 25:2-3）

(al-Furqan 25:2-3)

天地的原始创造者是他。他既无配偶，怎么会有儿子呢？他创造万物，并且他对万物全知。那就是真主，你们的主！除他之外，没有应受崇拜的神，他是万物的创造者，所以你们应当崇拜他。他是万物的监护者。（《古兰经》6:102-103）

To Him is due the primal origin of the heavens and the earth. How can He have a son when He had no consort? He it is Who created all things, and He alone has full knowledge of all things; That is God, your Lord! No god there is but He, the Creator of all things; Then give your worship to Him; And He it is Who looks after the safety and well-being of all. (al-An’aam 6:102-103)

然而，仍有人舍真主而另立匹偶，像爱真主那样爱它们。若不义者能看见那刑罚降临时的情景，他们便会明白，所有的力量都属于真主。

Yet are there men who take (for worship) others besides God as equals (with Him). They feel the love for them which they should for God. If only the unrighteous could but see. Behold, they would see the penalty: (they then will see)

这是真主所拥有的一切权能，而真主必将严厉地执行惩罚。

that to God belongs all power, and God will strongly enforce the Penalty.

（al-Baqarah 2:165）

(al-Baqarah 2:165)

说吧（先知啊）："你们看看，你们舍真主而祈求的那些，它们在大地上创造了什么？或者它们在天上有什么份？……谁比那些舍真主而祈求、直到复活日也不会回应他的人更迷误呢？……"（《沙丘》46:4-5）

Say (O Prophet): ”Do you see what it is you invoke besides God? Show me what it is they have created on earth, or have they a share in the heavens?...And who is more astray than one who invokes besides God such as will answer him not (though he call to him till) the Day of Judgement….” (al-Ahqaf 46:4-5)

如果天地之间除了真主之外还有其他的神，天地都必定会败坏！但赞美真主，他是伟大宝座的主。

If there were, in the heaven and the earth, other gods besides God, there would have been confusion in both! But glory to Allah, the Lord of the Mighty Throne:

祂超越他们所归赋给祂的一切。祂所行之事，无人能质问祂；而他们所行之事，他们必将受到质问。

High is He above that they attribute to Him. None there is who can question Him for His acts, but they (certainly) yet will be questioned for theirs.

（《先知》21:22-23）

(al-Anbiya 21:22-23)

阿拉并没有生育儿子，他身边也没有任何其他神明；如果有许多神明，那么每位神明都会带走他所创造的，并且彼此争夺、互相压制！……（《信徒》23:91）

No son did God beget, nor is there any god alone; with Him: (if there were many gods), behold, each god would have taken away what he had created and some would have lorded it over others!…. (al-Mu’minoon 23:91)

"说（先知啊）：“如果像他们所说的那样，在他之外还有别的神，那么它们必定会去寻求途径，来夺取他的宝座。”赞美他！他远超乎他们所说的一切，至高至大（无与伦比）。”

Say (O Prophet): ”If there had been other gods with Him as they say-behold, they would certainly have sought ways for capturing His Throne. Glory to Him! He is High above all that they say! –Exalted and Great (beyond measure).

(al-Israa 17:42-43)

(al-Israa 17:42-43)

可以看出,贯穿这些经文的有一个核心思想:神性与权威密不可分,二者在本质和意义上是同一回事。没有权威的,不可能是神,这也理所当然。而拥有一切应有权威的,唯有他才能够、也理应成为神,因为人们可能会向神祈求的种种需要,或者使人想到某个被认为具有神性者的种种经历,只有当所涉及的人或存在确实拥有满足这些需要的能力和权威时,才能得到满足。

It will be seen that there is one central idea running through all these verses, and that is that godhood and authority are inextricably interconnected and are, in essence and significance, one and the same thing. He who has no authority can be no god, and it is but fitting that he should not be so. And He Who has all due authority, He alone can be, and ought to be, God, because all the needs which one might refer to a god, or the experiencing of which might turn one’s thoughts to someone supposedly gifted with divinity can only be fulfilled if the person or being involved has in fact the power and the authority to be able to meet them.

因此,我们必须得出结论:将任何不具备必要权能与权威的人视为拥有神性的一部分,是毫无意义的。这完全违背理性与事实,而转向他们寻求帮助既荒谬又毫无用处。

Hence, we must conclude that it is meaningless to regard anyone without the necessary power and authority to have any part of godhood: it is absolutely contrary to reason and reality, and it is quite absurd as well as useless to turn to these for help.

以下是根据这一核心思想，从下列前提和其所推出的结论中，《古兰经》完整论证将会清晰呈现：

The full argument of the Holy Qur'ān, based on this central idea will be clear from the following premises and the deductions which it sets forth:

满足人的需要、消除人的困苦、赐予人庇护或保护、施以所需的任何帮助或援助、养育或保全人，以及应允人的祈祷，这些事都远非人们所以为的那样简单，因此人们误以为它们属于人力所能及的范围，这是错误的。所有这些事，归根结底，都依赖于唯一的主宰与掌管者在整个宇宙中所施展的创造之力与掌控管理的权能。即便是最微小的需要，其得以满足，也依赖于大量因素的综合作用。

The fulfilment of the needs of human beings, the removal of their distress, the grant to them of refuge or protection, the extension of any needed help or assistance, their bringing up or preservation, and the acceptance of their prayers - none of these matters are so simple as people seem to assume them to be and hence mistakenly regard them as within the competence of human beings. All are dependent, inextricably and ultimately, upon the creative power and the controlling and managing authority being exercised over the entire universe by its One and only Lord and Master. Even the smallest need depends, for its fulfilment, on the combined results of a vest multitude of factors.

仅仅是一杯饮用水的供应，甚至只是人们用作食物的一粒麦子，也需要太阳、大地、海洋和风的无数、多样、许多时候还不为人所见的活动，才能得以实现。因此，真正需要的、用来聆听我们祈祷的权能或力量，绝非寻常的权能，而是超乎寻常、独一无二的权能或力量，它并不逊于创造天地所需的力量，也不逊于安排天体、风的运行以及降下雨水等所需的力量——总之，它不亚于主宰整个宇宙本身所需的力量。这种权能是不可分割的。

Take for example the provision of just one glass of drinking water, or even just one grain of wheat used by men for food. Neither would come about but for incalculable and multifarious and, in many cases, get hidden activity on the part of the sun and the earth and the oceans and the winds. Therefore, the authority or power which is actually required for listening to our prayers is no ordinary authority but, rather, super-extraordinary and unique authority or power, not less than that required for creating the heavens and earth and for ordering the movement of the heavenly bodies and of the winds and of causing rain, and so on – in short, that needed for governing the entire universe itself. This authority is indivisible.

不可能的是：创造的主宰权归于一方，而为万物提供饮食的权力却属于另一方；太阳受一方掌管，而大地却受另一方掌管；有的一方拥有创造的能力，而保障健康或致人疾病的权力却归于另一方，结束生命的权力又属于第三方。若权力与主宰权被如此分割，宇宙必定陷入彻底的混乱与失序，而它也绝不可能像自始至终那样按部就班地运行。

It is not possible that, while the control over creation should rest with one authority, that of providing for its food and drink should be with someone else; or that the sun should be under the control of one authority and the earth that of another; or that while one has the power to create, that of preserving health or causing illness should be possessed by another and that of ending life rest with still another. Had there been such division of authority and power, there would certainly have been utter confusion and chaos in the universe and it could never have ordered the way it has been operating all along.

因此，所有的权威和权力必须且确实归属于一个中央权威，即唯一的主权者。既然所有的权威和权力只归属于唯一的主权者，别无他人拥有哪怕一丝一毫的份额，那么从逻辑上也必然推出：神性是他独有的、专属于他的，在这一点上同样绝无任何分享。除他之外，没有任何人有能力聆听人们的诉求、应允他们的祈祷、赐予庇护与保护、做他们的助佑者和保护者，或给予他们益处或加以伤害。

Hence, it is essential that all authority and power should and does vest in one, central authority, in One Sovereign. Since all authority and power vests in one Sovereign only, with no one else having the least share in it, it must equally logically follow that godhood is special and exclusive to Him alone, and in this too there is absolutely no share. Nobody other than He has the power to listen to men’s plaints or grant any of their prayers, grant them refuge and protection, be their helper and patron, or do them good or harm.

因此,无论人们对伊拉赫(ilaah,神明)有怎样的观念,除他之外并无神明。即便是在表面上不那么重要的意义上,也不存在任何神明,也就是说,没有谁能够与真主亲近到足以替人向他代求。没有任何人对他的统治或他对宇宙的安排拥有哪怕最微小的权力或权威,是否接受或拒绝任何代求,完全取决于他本人,因为没有人——不像世俗君主的宰相或大臣——占据任何能够使其言语具有足够分量的地位或身份。统一至高权威的本质还在于,一切形式的主权或统治权,最终都应集中于唯一的至高主权者,即便是最微小的一部分权威,也不应归属于其他任何人。

Therefore, whatever be anyone’s conception of ilaah, there is no ilaah but He, so much so that there is no ilaah even in the apparently less important sense of someone being close enough to God to be able to intercede with Him. No one has the least power or authority to interfere with His rule over His universe or His ways, and it is entirely up to Him whether to accede to, or reject, any intercession because no one – unlike the viziers or ministers of earthly monarchs – occupies any position or status which would lend weight enough to his word. It is also of the essence of the Unity of the Supreme Authority that all the various manifestations of sovereignty or overlordship should, ultimately, be centred in one and only one Supreme Sovereign, and not even the tiniest factor of such authority should vest in anyone else.

既然真主是创造者，创造之事并无他者参与分享；既然唯有祂是给养者，此项特性也没有任何他者与祂共享；既然唯有祂是宇宙整个体系的主宰与管理者，这些权能也没有任何他者可以与祂分担，那么，立法的权柄也理应唯独属于祂，唯有祂的命令应当被遵行，而非任何他者的命令，因为在这一点上，同样没有任何理由让他者分享。

Since God is the Creator, and no one else has had a share in the act of Creation, and since He alone is the Provider and no one else shares this attribute with Him, and since He alone is the Controller and Administrator of the entire system of the Universe, and there is none to share these capacities with Him, it follows that He alone should also be the one to lay down the law, and that His word, and no one else’s should prevail, for there is no reason at all why anyone else should have a share here either.

正如为他人倾听祷告并期望由其解除苦难、充当保护者，在原则上和事实上都是错误的一样，任何他人成为绝对的权威和主权者，并拥有为人类立法的内在权威，也同样是错误的。无论是创造、供给生计、赐予或收回生命、安排日月星辰的运行、使黑夜侵入白昼、使白昼侵入黑夜、注定人们的命运、分配他们的定数，还是充当统治者或君主、制定法律或指明是非，所有这些都是同一种专断权威与主权的不同方面，而这种权威与主权是绝对不可分割的。如果有人在未得到真主许可的情况下，认为他人的话语值得服从，那么他与那向真主以外之物祈祷或崇拜的人一样，犯下了以物配主（shirk）的罪过。如果有人自认为是地上任何一部分在政治意义上的主人、统治者和绝对君主，他的行为同样等同于声称自己具有神性；这与他向人们宣称自己在超自然意义上是他们的帮助者、庇护者和保护人，其性质是一样的。【译者在此阶段感到有必要指出：凡沉迷于此类妄想者，结果总是最残暴的压迫者和剥削人类者，而他们离信仰真主越远，这种情况就越发明显。】 另一方面，统治者越敬畏真主，他对自己的臣民乃至敌人就越仁慈。［Abu Asad］ 这正是《古兰经》在谈及创造、万物的命运或宇宙的管理时反复强调的原因：“一切事务的最终安排属于祂”（万物的其他事务也是如此）；“国权属于祂，祂的主权没有任何伙伴。”这一切清楚地表明，神性包含着君主地位和统治权。

Just as if also is wrong, in principle and in fact, for anyone else to listen to others’ prayers and expect to deliver them from distress and be their protector, in just the same way is it wrong for anyone else to be the absolute authority and the sovereign and to have any intrinsic authority to legislate for mankind. Whether it be creation, or providing of sustenance, the giving or taking away of life, the ordering of the sun and the moon and the heavenly bodies, the bringing of the night to overlap the day and of the day to overlap the night, the ordaining of peoples’ destinies and the apportionment of their lots, or being ruler or monarch, or laying down the law or indicating the right and the wrong, all are different facets of a single, autocratic authority and sovereignty which is absolutely indivisible. If anyone regards the word of someone else to be deserving of obedience without any sanction from God, he is as much guilty of the offence of shirk as the one who prays to or worships someone other than God. And if someone regards himself as the lord and master and absolute monarch of any part of the earth in the political sense, his act too amounts as much to a claim to godhood as it would if he were to tell people that he was their helper and patron and guardian in the supernatural sense. [The Translator feels tempted, at this stage, to point to the fact that all those who indulge in such pretensions turn out invariably to be the worst oppressor, and exploiters of human beings, and the farther they are from belief in God, the more this happens to be the case. On the other hand, the more a ruler is God-fearing the greater is his beneficence towards not only his own people but even towards his enemies Abu Asad] That is why the Qur'ān emphasises, wherever it speaks of creation or of the destinies of creatures or the management of the universe, that: – To Him belongs the ultimate dispensation of men’s affairs (and of other things in creation too) His is the Kingdom, there is no sharer in His Suzerainty. All of which clearly shows that godhood includes monarchy and rulership.

同样，论及独一（Tawheed）的必然要求，在这一层意义上，也不应认为任何人与真主（God）有丝毫的分享。

And it is also that Tawheed necessarily requires that in this sense too no one should be believed to have any share with God:

你说（先知啊）：真主啊！你是一切国度的主宰，你随意将国权赐予谁，也随意从谁手中夺取；你随意使谁尊贵，也随意使谁卑贱……（阿勒·伊姆兰 3:26）

Say (O Prophet): O God! You are the Lord of all the Domains; It is You who grant kingdom to whom you please; and take it away from whomsoever You will; It is You who confer honour on whomsoever You please, and take it away from whomsoever You will…. (aal-Imran 3:26)

那么，至高无上、至真至实的真主，是至尊的，除他之外，别无应当崇拜的主，他是尊贵宝座的主。（穆民章 23:116）

Right and Mighty is Allah, the True Sovereign; then, is no ilaah but He, the Lord of the Sublime Throne. (al-Mu’minoon 23:116)

说吧（先知啊）：我求庇护于人类的主宰，人类的君王，人类的应受崇拜者。（《人》114:1-3）

Say (O Prophet): I seek refuge with Him who is Rabb of all mankind, the Sovereign of all mankind, and the Ilaah of all mankind. (an-Naas 114:1-3)

当那一天,所有人的秘密都将被揭露;人们将明白,他们的任何行为都不瞒真主。呼声将发出:今日,国权属于谁?answer将永远是:唯独属于真主,祂的权能与威权超越万物。(al-Ghaafir 40:16)

The Day when the secrets of everyone of them will be laid bare; when it will become manifest to men that none of their actions is hidden from God, the call will go out: To whom belongs the Dominion this Day? And the answer will invariably be: To none but Allah alone, Allah Whose power and authority transcend that of all others. (al-Ghaafir 40:16)

这节经文通过一段圣训得到了很好的解释。伊玛目艾哈迈德(愿真主喜悦他)依据阿卜杜拉·本·欧麦尔(愿真主喜悦他俩)的传述记载：有一次，先知ﷺ在讲道时说：真主将以祂的手掌握天与地，然后向祂面前的一切受造物宣告：我是君王；我是至大者；我是至高无上者。那些自称在大地上为王、自称强大、并以“陛下”自居的人，如今都在哪里呢？

This verse is excellently explained in a Hadith narrated by Imam Ahmed (ra) on the authority of Hazrat ’Abdullah ibn ’Umar (may Allah be pleased with both) that, on one occasion the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلمstated, in the course of a sermon, that: God will take both the heavens and the earth in His hand, and will proclaim to all before Him: I am the King; I am the Mighty one: I am the Self-exalted one; Where are the people who used to style themselves kings upon the earth, those who called themselves mighty, and who were their ‘Majesties’?

据哈兹拉特·阿卜杜拉（愿真主喜悦他）叙述，当圣先知ﷺ诵读这些经文时，他因对至高无上的真主的敬畏而浑身颤抖得厉害，以至于我们真的担心他会从讲坛上跌落下来。

Hazrat Abdullah (with whom Allah be pleased) narrates that while the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلمwas repeating these words, his body trembled so much in awe of Allah Almighty that we were really afraid that he might fall from the pulpit.