Según Ibn Rushd, there is unanimous agreement that the zakat al-fitr must be given to the Muslim poor and needy, since the Prophet ﷺ referred to them when he said, "Make them satisfied on the day of fitr." The majority of scholars do not accept giving this religious due to poor people of the Pledge. Abu Hanifah holds that this is permissible, and some others allow giving it only to the monks of the People of the Pledge.1 Ibn Abi Shaibah reports that Abu Maisarah used to give zakat al-fitr to monks.2 Similar reports come from 'Amr bin Maimun, 'Amr bin Shurahbil, and Murrah al-Hamadani.3 This is undoubtedly a humanitarian gesture from Muslim jurists, seeking to make everyone happy on the day of the feast.

According to Ibn Rushd, it is unanimously agreed upon that zakah of al fitr must be given to Muslim poor and needy, since the Prophet (p) referred to them when he said "Make them satisfied on the day of fitr." The majority of scholars do not accept giving this religious due to poor people of the Pledge. Abu Hanifah believes this is permissible and some others allow giving only monks of people of the Pledge.1 Ibn Abi Shaibah reports that Abu Maisarah used to give zakah of al fitr to monks.2 Similar reports come from 'Amr bin Maimun, 'Amr bin Shurahbil, and Murrah al Hamadani.3 This is undoubtedly a humanistic gesture from Muslim jurists in trying to make everybody happy on the day of the feast.

Mazhabar Shafi'i sun bayar da hujjar cewa, kamar kowace zakka, zakkar al-fitr dole ne a raba ta daidai gwargwado tsakanin nau'o'in mutane takwas, sai dai idan mai bayarwa ne ya raba ta, a irin wannan hali ana cire nau'o'in "ma'aikatan asusun zakka" da "waɗanda ake lallashin zukatansu".4 Ibn Hazm ma haka yake ra'ayi.5 Ibn al-Qayyim kuwa ya ƙi wannan ra'ayi, yana mai cewa al'adar Annabi (ﷺ) da sahabbansa ita ce a ba ta matalauta da mabukata kawai. Ya ci gaba da cewa har wasu malaman Hanbali sun yi imani ba a halatta a raba ta ta wata hanya ba. Ibn al-Qayyim ya ƙara da cewa wannan ra'ayi ya fi karfi.6 Malikawa kuwa sun tabbatar da cewa dole ne a biya wannan zakka ga matalauta da mabukata kawai, ko da za a kai ta wata ƙasa a kan kuɗin mai bayarwa, saboda rashin masu karɓa matalauta a ƙasar da ya wajaba a bayar da ita.7 Al-Hadi, al-Qasim, da Abu Talib sun raba ra'ayin Malikawa.

The Shafi'i school argues that, like any other zakah, zakah of al fitr must be distributed equally among the same eight categories, except when distributed by the payer--in which case the categories of "workers of the zakah fund" and "those whose hearts are being reconciled" are excluded.4 This is also the view of Ibn Hazm.5 Ibn al Qayyim rejects this view and argues that the practice of the Prophet (p) and his Companions was to give it only to the poor and needy. This is so, he continues, to the extent that some Hanbalites believe it is not permissible to distribute it otherwise. Ibn al Qayyim adds that this opinion carries more weight.6 Malikites assert that this zakah must be paid exclusively to the poor and needy, even if it must be shipped to another country at the expense of the payer, because of lack of poor deservants in the land where it is due.7 Al Hadi, al Qasim, and Abu Talib share the view of the Malikites.

Akwai ra'ayoyi guda uku da za a iya banbancewa:

Three opinions can be distinguished:

Zakatul fitr dole ne a raba ta a cikin nau'o'in mutane takwas, wannan ita ce ra'ayin al-Shafi'i.

1. Zakah of al fitr must be distributed among the eight categories, which is al Shafi'i's view.

Ita kuwa tana keɓe ne ga talakawa da mabuƙata kawai.

2. It is exclusively for the poor and needy.

Ana iya raba shi ga dukkan ƙungiyoyi takwas, ko ga wasu daga cikinsu, ko kuma ga talakawa kaɗai, domin an haɗa shi ƙarƙashin nassin gabaɗaya "Sadaƙoƙi kawai na talakawa ne da mabuƙata . . ." Wannan ita ce ra'ayin mafi yawan malaman fiqhu.

Kamar yadda yake a game da zakkar dukiya, zakkar al-fitr ba za a bayar da ita ga kafirai ba, ko ga wadanda suka yi ridda, ko ga masu arziki, ko ga mutanen da suke iya neman abinci da aiki. Haka kuma ba za a biya ta ga mutanen da mai bayarwa yake da alhakin kashe musu kudi ba, kamar mahaifinsa, dansa, ko matarsa. Haka nan cikakkun bayanan da aka yi nazari a kansu game da zakkar dukiya suna aiki a nan.

As in the case of zakah on wealth, zakah of al fitr must not be given to disbelievers, apostates, the rich, or persons who can earn. It must also not be paid to persons for whose expenses the payer is responsible, such as the payer's father, son, or wife. The same details studied with regard to zakah on wealth apply here.

A ƙarshe, mai biyan zakka yana iya ba da zakkarsa ga mabukaci ɗaya ko fiye, kuma haka nan, za a iya ba da zakkar masu biyan zakka da yawa ga mai karɓa ɗaya ko fiye, domin babu wata hujja da ta hana kowane ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan lamura,9 duk da cewa wasu malaman fiqhu ba sa son a raba zakkar mutum tsakanin masu karɓa da yawa, ko a ba mai karɓa ɗaya zakkar masu biyan zakka da yawa, saboda ba zai cika manufar wadatar da dukkan mabukata a ranar ˙Idi ba.10

Lastly, the zakah payer may give his or her zakah to one or more poor persons, and by the same token, zakah collected from several payers may be given to one or more recipient, since there is no evidence to prevent any of these cases,9 although some jurists dislike dividing one's zakah among several recipients and giving the zakah of several payers to one recipient on the grounds that this may not fulfill the objective of enriching all the poor on the day of 'Id.10

Game game na zakatul fitr daga wata ƙasa zuwa wata, ka'idar da ake amfani da ita a sauran nau'ikan zakka tana aiki a nan ma; wato, da farko dai dole a biya buƙatun talakawa da mabukata a yankin da zakka ta wajaba, sannan ragowar za a iya kai ta wani waje, sai dai a lokacin gaggawa ko idan akwai wani abu da ya fi muhimmanci.11

As for transporting zakah of al fitr from one land to another, the same principle applied on other forms of zakah is applicable here; i.e., first the poor and needy in the area where zakah is due must be satisfied and the leftover may be transported, except in case of emergencies or higher priority.11