Fedha
Funds
Utangulizi
Introduction
Bismillahi Ar-Rahmani Ar-Raheemi Kwa kuwa Uislamu, ambao Allah (swt) amemteremshia Mjumbe Wake Muhammad ﷺ, ni mfumo wa maisha na ujumbe kwa dunia nzima, ni lazima kabisa uwe na Dola itakayouutekeleza na kuupeleka duniani. Uislamu umefanya Dola hii kuwa Dola ya Khilafah, na umeipa umbo la kipekee na muundo wa kipekee unaotofautiana na muundo wa dola zote duniani. Inatofautiana katika nguzo zake inazosimama juu yake, katika taasisi zinazounda muundo wake, katika katiba yake na sheria zake ambazo zimechukuliwa kutoka Kitabu cha Allah (swt) na Sunnah ya Mjumbe Wake ﷺ, ambazo ni wajibu kwa Khalifah na Ummah kuzifuata, kuzitekeleza na kujizuia nazo, kwa kuwa zinatokana na Shari'a ya Allah (swt) na si katika sheria za watu. Uislamu umeikabidhi Dola ya Khilafah jukumu la kushughulikia mambo ya Ummah, na imewajibishwa kusimamia matumizi ya mapato yanayopokelewa na Dola na jinsi yanavyotumika, kama vile kutunza mambo ya watu, raia, na kubeba da'wah. Dalili za kimungu zimefafanua vyanzo vya mapato ya kifedha ya Dola, aina zake, na jinsi zinavyokusanywa, vilevile zimebainisha wanufaika wa fedha hizi na maeneo ambayo hutumika.
Bismillah Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem As Islam, with which Allah (swt) to His Messenger Muhammad (saw), is a system of life, and a message for the whole world, it is absolutely necessary for it to have a State which implements it and carries it to the world. Islam has made this State the Khilafah State, and made it of a distinct form and a unique structure which differs from the structure of all the States in the world. It is different in its pillars upon which it is established, in the structures that it is formed of, in its constitution and laws that are taken from the Book of Allah (swt) and the Sunnah of His Messenger (saw) which are obligatory for the Khalifah and the Ummah to adhere to, implement and restrict themselves to, because they are from the Shar'a of Allah (swt) and not from the legislation of the people. Islam has entrusted the Khilafah State with the duty of taking care of the affairs of the Ummah, and entrusted it to be in charge of administering the funds received by the State and their expenditure such as to look after the affairs of the people of the citizens and the carrying of the Da'wah. The divine evidences have explained the sources of the State's financial revenues, their types and how they are collected, in the same way they clarified the beneficiaries of these funds and the areas over which they are spent.
Tunajadili katika kitabu hiki 'Mali za Dola ya Khilafah' na hukumu zake. Tunafafanua vyanzo vyake na aina zake, vinakokusanywa, wakati wa kukusanywa na namna ya kukusanywa, na vitengo ambavyo huhifadhiwa. Pia tunafafanua wale wenye haki ya mali hizi na maeneo ya matumizi yake.
We discuss in this book 'The Funds in the Khilafah State' and their rules. We explain their sources and types, from where they are collected, the time of their collection and the way they are collected, and the sections in which they are kept. We also explain those who are entitled to these funds and the areas of their expenditure.
Kwa kuwa kuhifadhi kumbukumbu za mali hizi na ukusanyaji wake kunahitaji ujuzi wa vipimo vya urefu, eneo, ujazo na uzito, tunayashughulikia hayo ili yawe wazi kabisa kwa namna inayobainisha uhalisia wake na kuondoa ukungu wowote kuhusu hayo. Tunapima mali hizi kwa vipimo vya urefu, eneo, ujazo na uzito vinavyotumika leo, ili ziwe rahisi kufuatiliwa na kueleweka kwa haki, mbali na mkanganyiko wowote.
Since the record of these funds and their collection requires the knowledge of the lengths, areas, measures and weights, we address that so as to become quite clear in a way that determines their reality and removes any vagueness about them. We evaluate these funds in lengths, areas, measures and weights that are used today, so that they are easily followed and fairly understood, far from any complications.
Kwa kuwa jambo la fedha lina umuhimu wa pekee katika mapato ya Dola ya Khilafah, kwa sababu linahusiana na hukumu za Mwenyezi Mungu, tunalizungumzia na kueleza hali yake halisi, msingi unaojengwa juu yake, vipimo vinavyohusiana navyo pamoja na uzito wake, pia matatizo yanayokabiliwa na njia ya kuyatatua.
Since the monetary aspect has a special importance in the funds of the Khilafah State, because it is linked to the divine rules, we address it and explain its reality, the basis upon which it is established, the units that are related to, together with their weights, and also the problems faced and the way of solving these problems.
Kanuni za mali za Dola ya Khilafah zinatokana na Qur'ani na Sunnah, baada ya kujifunza na kuchunguza kwa kina kauli za Maswahaba, Tabi'iina (wafuasi) na wafuasi wao, pamoja na maoni ya Mujtahidina. Yote haya yanafanywa kwa kuzingatia dalili ambazo, kwa mtazamo wetu, ndizo zenye nguvu zaidi; kwani hukumu za Kishari'a zinakubaliwa kwa kuzingatia dhana yenye shaka ndogo kabisa (Ghalabat uz-Zann), bila sharti kwamba dalili hizo ziwe za hakika kama inavyohitajika wakati wa kuthibitisha Itikadi.
The rules of the funds of the Khilafah State are derived from the Qur'an and the Sunnah, after study and scrutiny of the sayings of the Sahabah, the Tabi'een (the followers) and their followers and the opinions of the Mujtahideen. All this is done based on the evidences proven to be the strongest in our view; for the divine rules are adopted based on the least amount of doubt (Ghalabat uz-Zun) without the stipulation of the evidences being definitive as is required when establishing the creed.
Tunamuomba Allah (SWT) atusaidie na atufanyie iwe rahisi kutekeleza kanuni hizi katika Dola ya Khilafah itakayokuja. Hakika Yeye ndiye Mlinzi wetu (Mawla), na hakika Yeye (SWT) ndiye Mlinzi bora kabisa na Msaidizi bora kabisa.
We ask Allah (swt) to help us and make it easy for us to put these rules into application in the coming Khilafah State. Indeed He is our protector (Mawla), and indeed He (swt) is the best protector and the best Helper.