3. 在安全的地方
3. In A Safe Place
在安全的地方
in a safe place
人类发展的下一个阶段是 qararin makin。qararin 一词的含义包括:使定居、确立、指派、安排、确定、规定、调整和决定;它还引申有确认、奠定和肯定之意。45 makin 一词的含义包括:安置、牢牢放置、置于适当位置。46 将这两个词结合起来,便包含以下意涵:置于安全之处、牢固确立之地、安稳的居所,以及坚实的安息之所。
The next stage in the process of human development is qararin makin. The word qararin means to make sedentary, to establish, to assign, to schedule, to determine, to stipulate, to regulate and to decide; and it carries the further meanings of to confirm, to establish and to affirm.45 The word makin has meanings that include to place, to put/set down firmly and to put in position.46 The combination of these two words provide connotations of: in a safe place, in a place firmly fixed, in a safe lodging and in a firm resting place.
科学解释
SCIENTIFIC INTERPRETATION
《古兰经》此阶段所用的术语与现代胚胎学相吻合。受精卵分裂成一个带有外壳的细胞球,形成囊胚。胚胎学研究断言,受精后约第6天,囊胚牢固地植入子宫壁。胚胎学家约翰·艾伦和贝弗利·克拉默解释了着床的过程:
The terms used by the Qur’an at this stage coincide with modern embryology. The zygote divides into a ball of cells with an outer shell to form the blastocyst. Studies in embryology assert that around the 6th day after fertilization the blastocyst implants itself securely into the uterine wall. Embryologists John Allen and Beverley Kramer explain the process of implantation:
受精后大约第6至第7天,着床开始。突入子宫腔的囊胚部分仍然相对较薄。合体滋养层含有一种蛋白水解酶,它会破坏子宫内膜细胞,使囊胚逐渐深入子宫黏膜……子宫内膜上最终留下的缺损由覆盖在囊胚上的血液或纤维蛋白凝块封闭,这一覆盖物称为盖帽(operculum)。受精后约第10至第12天,囊胚被完全包裹在子宫内膜中,着床即告完成。47
Implantation begins at about the 6th to 7th day after fertilization. The part of the blastocyst projecting into the uterine cavity remains relatively thin. The syntrophoblast contains a proteolytic enzyme which causes destruction of the endometrial cells so that that the blastocyst sinks deeper and deeper into the uterine mucosa…The final deficiency in the endometrium is sealed off by a blood or fibrin clot, overlying the blastocyst. This cover is called the operculum. By about 10 to 12 days after fertilization, the blastocyst is completely encased in the endometrium and thus, implantation is complete.47
"qararin makin"一词的分析反映了胚胎学的现代发展。"qararin makin"这两个词的组合所表达的含义描绘了囊胚"越来越深地"下沉,以及子宫内膜被"纤维蛋白凝块"封闭,从而确保囊胚被"完全包裹"。
The analysis of the words qararin makin, reflect modern developments in embryology. The meanings offered by the combination of the words qararin makin depict the blastocyst sinking ‘deeper and deeper’ and the sealing off of the endometrium with a ‘fibrin clot’ ensuring the blastocyst is ‘completely encased’.
概要
SUMMARY
"qararin makin"阶段:囊胚沉入子宫内膜,并被完全包裹,即着床的过程。
The qararin makin stage: The blastocyst sinking in the endomentrium, being completely encased i.e. the process of implantation.