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Glossary
羊膜母细胞:一种源自外胚层的细胞,构成羊膜腔的壁,即羊膜。
Amnioblast: a cell derived from the ectoderm which forms the wall of the amniotic cavity, i.e. the amnion.
羊膜腔:由羊膜包围形成的腔隙,内充羊水,包绕着胎儿。
Amniotic cavity: the cavity surrounded by the amnion, filled with amniotic fluid, surrounding the foetus.
胚泡:由桑椹胚发育而来的中空球体细胞团,由内细胞团和外层滋养层组成。
Blastocyst: the hollow sphere of cells derived from the morula consisting of the inner cell mass and outer trophoblast.
软骨板:发育中的长骨里的生长板。
Cartiliginous plate: the growth plate in a developing long bone.
绒毛膜:包绕胎儿的膜,由滋养层和胚外中胚层构成。
Chorion: the membrane that surrounds the foetus, consisting of trophoblast and extra-embryonic mesoderm.
绒毛膜绒毛:由绒毛膜和滋养层形成的指状突起,内含血管,周围为绒毛间隙中的母体血液所环绕。
Chorionic villi: the finger like protrusions of chorion and trophoblast which contain blood vessels, and are surrounded by maternal blood in the intervillous spaces.
细胞滋养层:滋养层的细胞部分,区别于合体滋养层。
Cytotrophoblast: the cellular part of the trophoblast, as distinguished from the syncytiotrophoblast.
外胚层:胚胎的外层生殖细胞层,发育为皮肤表皮、神经系统和感觉器官。
Ectoderm: the outer germ cell layer that gives rise to the epidermis of the skin, the nervous system and sense organs.
内胚层:原始胚层中最内层的生殖细胞层,肠管内壁及其相关腺体结构由此发育而来。
Endoderm: the inner germ cell layer from which the lining of the gut tube and its associated glandular structures are derived.
子宫内膜:子宫的内层,受精卵在此着床。
Endometrium: the inner lining of the uterus in which implantation occurs.
胚外体腔:胚外中胚层两层之间的空间;也称为绒毛膜腔。 60. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 75
Extra-embryonic coelom: the space between the layers of the extra-embryonic mesoderm; also known as the chorionic 60. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 75
61. Hans Wehr,第912页
61. Hans Wehr, page 912
62. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。黎巴嫩书局。1968年。第5卷,第411页
62. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 5, page 411
63. 同上,第5卷,第2134页
63.Ibid, Volume 5, page 2134
64. http://www.elnaggarzr.com/en/main.php?id=94 检索于2011年9月8日,23:07
64.http://www.elnaggarzr.com/en/main.php?id=94 retrieved 8 September 2011, 23:07
65. Muhammad Mohar Ali. A Word for Word Meaning of the Qur’an. Volume II. JIMAS. 2003, page 1044
65. Muhammad Mohar Ali. A Word for Word Meaning of the Qur’an. Volume II. JIMAS. 2003, page 1044
66. 同上 67. 《胚胎学:彩色图解教材》第2版。Churchill Livingstone出版社,2009年,第6页。
66. Ibid 67. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 6.
68. 《出生之前:胚胎学与出生缺陷基础》。第7版。Saunders。2008年,第50页
68. Before We Are Born: Essentials of Embryology and Birth Defects. 7th Edition. Saunders. 2008, page 50
69. 希腊医学文集:盖伦《论精液》(希腊文原文附英文译文,Phillip de Lacy 译,Akademic Verlag,1992年)第I:9:1-10节,第92-95页
69. Corpus Medicorum Graecorum: Galeni de Semine (Galen: On Semen) (Greek text with English trans. Phillip de Lacy, Akademic Verlag, 1992) section I:9:1-10, pp. 92-95
70. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。黎巴嫩书局(Librairie Du Liban)。1968年。第5卷,第2087页。
70. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 5, page 2087.
71. 《胚胎学:彩色图解教材》第2版。Churchill Livingstone 出版社,2009年,第20页。
71. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 20.
72. 同上,第23页
72. Ibid, page 23
73. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 147.
73. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 147.
74. 参见此处 http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/quran/023.qmt.html。检索日期:2011年8月8日,09:48。
74. See here http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/quran/023.qmt.html. Retrieved 8 August 2011, 09:48.
75. 《古兰经:译注》。Arthur J Arberry。牛津大学出版社。1998年,第343页。
75. The Koran: Interpreted. Arthur J Arberry. Oxford University Press. 1998, page 343.
76. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page23
76. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page23
77. 同上 78. 《人类胚胎学基础》(The Fundamentals of Human Embryology),第2版,Wits University Press,2010年,第147页。
77. Ibid 78. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 147.
79. Hans Wehr, 第823页
79. Hans Wehr, page 823
80. 同上,第861页
80. Ibid, page 861
81. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。黎巴嫩书店(Librairie Du Liban)。1968年。第7卷,第2492页
81. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 7, page 2492
82. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 24.
82. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 24.
83. 《人类胚胎学基础》(第二版)。Wits University Press。2010年,第148页。
83. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 148.
84. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 4th Edition. Mosby. 2008, Page 333 85. Aristotle. On the Parts of Animals. Translated by William Ogle. New York: Garland Pub. 1987, page 40
84. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 4th Edition. Mosby. 2008, Page 333 85. Aristotle. On the Parts of Animals. Translated by William Ogle. New York: Garland Pub. 1987, page 40
86. Aristotle. Generation of Animals. Translated by A. L. Peck. Heinemann. 1942 edition.
86. Aristotle. Generation of Animals. Translated by A. L. Peck. Heinemann. 1942 edition.
87. 同上 88. 《人类胚胎学基础》第二版。Wits University Press,2010年,第148页。
87. Ibid 88. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 148.
89. 同上 90. Bruce M Carlson. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 第4版. Mosby. 2008年,第224页 91. Hans Wehr,第258页
89. Ibid 90. Bruce M Carlson. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 4th Edition. Mosby. 2008, page 224 91. Hans Wehr, page 258
92. 同上,第8页
92. Ibid, page 8
93. 穆罕默德·伊本·欧麦尔·法赫尔丁·拉齐,《大部头注释》(Tafsir al-Kabir) 94. 《胚胎学:图解彩色教材》(Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text)。第2版。丘吉尔·利文斯通出版社(Churchill Livingstone),2009年,第1页
93. Muhammad ibn Umar Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Tafsir al-Kabir 94. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 1
95. M. Z. Siddiqi. 《阿拉伯语和波斯语医学文献研究》。加尔各答大学,1959年,第6–7页
95. M. Z. Siddiqi. Studies in Arabic and Persian Medical Literature. Calcutta University. 1959, page 6 - 7
96. H. Bailey(编)。《剑桥伊朗史》,第4卷。剑桥大学出版社,1975年,第414页
96. H. Bailey (ed). Cambridge History of Iran, vol 4. Cambridge University Press 1975 pages 414
97. A. A. Khairallah. Outline of Arabic Contributions to Medicine. American Press, Beirut. 1946, page 22
97. A. A. Khairallah. Outline of Arabic Contributions to Medicine. American Press, Beirut. 1946, page 22
98. Martin Lings. Muhammad: his life based on the earliest sources. 2nd Revised Edition. The Islamic Texts Society. 1983, page 34
98. Martin Lings. Muhammad: his life based on the earliest sources. 2nd Revised Edition. The Islamic Texts Society. 1983, page 34
99. 同上,第52页
99. Ibid, page 52
100. 同上,第53–79页
100. Ibid, pages 53 - 79
101. W. Montgomery Watt. Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford. 1953, page 52
101. W. Montgomery Watt. Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford. 1953, page 52
102. David C. Lindberg. The Beginnings of Western Science. University Of Chicago Press. 1992, pages, 164-165
102. David C. Lindberg. The Beginnings of Western Science. University Of Chicago Press. 1992, pages, 164-165
103. Roy Porter. The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity. Fontana Press. 1999, page 94.
103. Roy Porter. The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity. Fontana Press.1999, page,94.
104. M. Ullman. Die Medizin im Islam. Leiden ad Cologne. 1970, pages 19-20; F. Rosenthal, apud his translation of Ibn Muqaddima, II, 373.
104. M. Ullman. Die Medizin im Islam. Leiden ad Cologne. 1970, pages 19-20; F. Rosenthal, apud his translation of Ibn Muqaddima, II, 373.
105. 《伊斯兰世界:从古典到现代》,C. E. 博斯沃思等编。Darwin,1991年,第129页
105. The Islamic World: From Classic to Modern Times. Edited, C. E. Bosworth et al. Darwin. 1991, page 129
106. Plinio Prioreschi. A History of Medicine. 2001, page 369.
106. Plinio Prioreschi. A History of Medicine. 2001, page 369.
107. William Charles Brice. An Historical Atlas of Islam. Brill. 1981, page 355
107. William Charles Brice. An Historical Atlas of Islam. Brill. 1981, page 355
108. Abubakr Asadulla. Islam vs. West: Fact or Fiction? A Brief Historical, Political, Theological, Philosophical, and Psychological Perspective. iUniverse. 2009, page 76
108. Abubakr Asadulla. Islam vs. West: Fact or Fiction? A Brief Historical, Political, Theological, Philosophical, and Psychological Perspective. iUniverse. 2009 , page 76
109. 参见伊本·阿西尔《丛林雄狮:圣门弟子传记大全》(Usud al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifat as-Sahabah) 100. 泰伯里:《历代先知和君王史》(Ta'rikh al-rusul wa'l-muluk),由M. J. Goeje等人编辑(莱顿,1879–1901年),第I卷,2127–28页,第1116页
109. See Ibn Athir’s Usud al-Ghabah fi Ma’rifat as-Sahabah 100. Tabari. Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk, ed. M. J. Goeje et al. (Leiden, 1879-1901), I, 2127-28, page 1116
111. 本章是麦加章,意思是这些经文在迁徙(希吉拉)到麦地那之前降示。塔伊夫的征服发生在希吉拉之后。《古兰经:新译本》,牛津大学出版社,2005年,第215页。
111. This chapter is a Meccan which means that the verses were revealed before the migration (hijrah) to Medina. The conquest of Ta’if occurred after hijrah. The Qur’an: A New Translation. Oxford University Press. 2005, page 215
112. 同上,第137页
112. Ibid, page 137
113.http://islampapers.com/2011/10/02/was-al-harith-the-source-of-the-prophets-medical-knowledge/ 检索于2011年10月3日,08:46。
113.http://islampapers.com/2011/10/02/was-al-harith-the-source-of-the-prophets-medical-knowledge/ retrieved 3 October 2011, 08:46.
114. http://quran.com/86 检索于2011年9月25日,21:23
114. http://quran.com/86 Retrieved 25 September 2011, 21:23
115. Hans Wehr,第521页
115. Hans Wehr, page 521
116. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。Librairie Du Liban。1968年。第4卷,第1712页。
116. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 4, page 1712.
117. 同上,第1卷,第301页。
117. Ibid, volume 1, page 301.
118. Tāj al-ʿArūs min Jawāhir al-Qāmūs,或参见Muhammad Asad在其《古兰经》译本中的脚注,该脚注可在此处查阅:http://arthursclassicnovels.com/koran/koran-asad10.html,检索日期为2011年9月5日,15:31。
118. Taj Al Arus Min Jawahir Al Qamus, or refer to Muhammad Asad’s footnote in his translation of the Qur’an, which can be found here http://arthursclassicnovels.com/koran/koran-asad10.html, retrieved 5 September 2011, 15:31.
119. 布哈里和穆斯林圣训集,由胡dhayfa传述 120. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/assets/swf/1/how-sex-determined/how-sex-determined.swf 检索于2011年10月3日,09:10。
119. Al-Bukhari and Muslim, narrated by Hudhayfa 120. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/assets/swf/1/how-sex-determined/how-sex-determined.swf retrieved 3 October 2011, 09:10.
60. 胚胎学:图解彩色教材。第2版。Churchill Livingstone。2009年,第75页
60. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 75
61. Hans Wehr,第912页
61. Hans Wehr, page 912
62. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。黎巴嫩书局。1968年。第5卷,第411页
62. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 5, page 411
63. 同上,第5卷,第2134页
63.Ibid, Volume 5, page 2134
64. http://www.elnaggarzr.com/en/main.php?id=94 检索于2011年9月8日,23:07
64.http://www.elnaggarzr.com/en/main.php?id=94 retrieved 8 September 2011, 23:07
65. Muhammad Mohar Ali. A Word for Word Meaning of the Qur’an. Volume II. JIMAS. 2003, page 1044
65. Muhammad Mohar Ali. A Word for Word Meaning of the Qur’an. Volume II. JIMAS. 2003, page 1044
66. 同上 67. 《胚胎学:彩色图解教材》第2版。Churchill Livingstone出版社,2009年,第6页。
66. Ibid 67. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 6.
68. 《出生之前:胚胎学与出生缺陷基础》。第7版。Saunders。2008年,第50页
68. Before We Are Born: Essentials of Embryology and Birth Defects. 7th Edition. Saunders. 2008, page 50
69. 希腊医学文集:盖伦《论精液》(希腊文原文附英文译文,Phillip de Lacy 译,Akademic Verlag,1992年)第I:9:1-10节,第92-95页
69. Corpus Medicorum Graecorum: Galeni de Semine (Galen: On Semen) (Greek text with English trans. Phillip de Lacy, Akademic Verlag, 1992) section I:9:1-10, pp. 92-95
70. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。黎巴嫩书局(Librairie Du Liban)。1968年。第5卷,第2087页。
70. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 5, page 2087.
71. 《胚胎学:彩色图解教材》第2版。Churchill Livingstone 出版社,2009年,第20页。
71. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 20.
72. 同上,第23页
72. Ibid, page 23
73. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 147.
73. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 147.
74. 参见此处 http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/quran/023.qmt.html。检索日期:2011年8月8日,09:48。
74. See here http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/quran/023.qmt.html. Retrieved 8 August 2011, 09:48.
75. 《古兰经:译注》。Arthur J Arberry。牛津大学出版社。1998年,第343页。
75. The Koran: Interpreted. Arthur J Arberry. Oxford University Press. 1998, page 343.
76. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page23
76. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page23
77. 同上 78. 《人类胚胎学基础》(The Fundamentals of Human Embryology),第2版,Wits University Press,2010年,第147页。
77. Ibid 78. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 147.
79. Hans Wehr, 第823页
79. Hans Wehr, page 823
80. 同上,第861页
80. Ibid, page 861
81. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。黎巴嫩书店(Librairie Du Liban)。1968年。第7卷,第2492页
81. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 7, page 2492
82. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 24.
82. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 24.
83. 《人类胚胎学基础》(第二版)。Wits University Press。2010年,第148页。
83. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 148.
84. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 4th Edition. Mosby. 2008, Page 333 85. Aristotle. On the Parts of Animals. Translated by William Ogle. New York: Garland Pub. 1987, page 40
84. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 4th Edition. Mosby. 2008, Page 333 85. Aristotle. On the Parts of Animals. Translated by William Ogle. New York: Garland Pub. 1987, page 40
86. Aristotle. Generation of Animals. Translated by A. L. Peck. Heinemann. 1942 edition.
86. Aristotle. Generation of Animals. Translated by A. L. Peck. Heinemann. 1942 edition.
87. 同上 88. 《人类胚胎学基础》第二版。Wits University Press,2010年,第148页。
87. Ibid 88. The Fundamentals of Human Embryology. 2nd Edition. Wits University Press. 2010, page 148.
89. 同上 90. Bruce M Carlson. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 第4版. Mosby. 2008年,第224页 91. Hans Wehr,第258页
89. Ibid 90. Bruce M Carlson. Human Embryology and Developmental Biology. 4th Edition. Mosby. 2008, page 224 91. Hans Wehr, page 258
92. 同上,第8页
92. Ibid, page 8
93. 穆罕默德·伊本·欧麦尔·法赫尔丁·拉齐,《大部头注释》(Tafsir al-Kabir) 94. 《胚胎学:图解彩色教材》(Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text)。第2版。丘吉尔·利文斯通出版社(Churchill Livingstone),2009年,第1页
93. Muhammad ibn Umar Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Tafsir al-Kabir 94. Embryology: An Illustrated Colour Text. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone. 2009, page 1
95. M. Z. Siddiqi. 《阿拉伯语和波斯语医学文献研究》。加尔各答大学,1959年,第6–7页
95. M. Z. Siddiqi. Studies in Arabic and Persian Medical Literature. Calcutta University. 1959, page 6 - 7
96. H. Bailey(编)。《剑桥伊朗史》,第4卷。剑桥大学出版社,1975年,第414页
96. H. Bailey (ed). Cambridge History of Iran, vol 4. Cambridge University Press 1975 pages 414
97. A. A. Khairallah. Outline of Arabic Contributions to Medicine. American Press, Beirut. 1946, page 22
97. A. A. Khairallah. Outline of Arabic Contributions to Medicine. American Press, Beirut. 1946, page 22
98. Martin Lings. Muhammad: his life based on the earliest sources. 2nd Revised Edition. The Islamic Texts Society. 1983, page 34
98. Martin Lings. Muhammad: his life based on the earliest sources. 2nd Revised Edition. The Islamic Texts Society. 1983, page 34
99. 同上,第52页
99. Ibid, page 52
100. 同上,第53–79页
100. Ibid, pages 53 - 79
101. W. Montgomery Watt. Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford. 1953, page 52
101. W. Montgomery Watt. Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford. 1953, page 52
102. David C. Lindberg. The Beginnings of Western Science. University Of Chicago Press. 1992, pages, 164-165
102. David C. Lindberg. The Beginnings of Western Science. University Of Chicago Press. 1992, pages, 164-165
103. Roy Porter. The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity. Fontana Press. 1999, page 94.
103. Roy Porter. The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity. Fontana Press.1999, page,94.
104. M. Ullman. Die Medizin im Islam. Leiden ad Cologne. 1970, pages 19-20; F. Rosenthal, apud his translation of Ibn Muqaddima, II, 373.
104. M. Ullman. Die Medizin im Islam. Leiden ad Cologne. 1970, pages 19-20; F. Rosenthal, apud his translation of Ibn Muqaddima, II, 373.
105. 《伊斯兰世界:从古典到现代》,C. E. 博斯沃思等编。Darwin,1991年,第129页
105. The Islamic World: From Classic to Modern Times. Edited, C. E. Bosworth et al. Darwin. 1991, page 129
106. Plinio Prioreschi. A History of Medicine. 2001, page 369.
106. Plinio Prioreschi. A History of Medicine. 2001, page 369.
107. William Charles Brice. An Historical Atlas of Islam. Brill. 1981, page 355
107. William Charles Brice. An Historical Atlas of Islam. Brill. 1981, page 355
108. Abubakr Asadulla. Islam vs. West: Fact or Fiction? A Brief Historical, Political, Theological, Philosophical, and Psychological Perspective. iUniverse. 2009, page 76
108. Abubakr Asadulla. Islam vs. West: Fact or Fiction? A Brief Historical, Political, Theological, Philosophical, and Psychological Perspective. iUniverse. 2009 , page 76
109. 参见伊本·阿西尔《丛林雄狮:圣门弟子传记大全》(Usud al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifat as-Sahabah) 100. 泰伯里:《历代先知和君王史》(Ta'rikh al-rusul wa'l-muluk),由M. J. Goeje等人编辑(莱顿,1879–1901年),第I卷,2127–28页,第1116页
109. See Ibn Athir’s Usud al-Ghabah fi Ma’rifat as-Sahabah 100. Tabari. Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk, ed. M. J. Goeje et al. (Leiden, 1879-1901), I, 2127-28, page 1116
111. 本章是麦加章,意思是这些经文在迁徙(希吉拉)到麦地那之前降示。塔伊夫的征服发生在希吉拉之后。《古兰经:新译本》,牛津大学出版社,2005年,第215页。
111. This chapter is a Meccan which means that the verses were revealed before the migration (hijrah) to Medina. The conquest of Ta’if occurred after hijrah. The Qur’an: A New Translation. Oxford University Press. 2005, page 215
112. 同上,第137页
112. Ibid, page 137
113.http://islampapers.com/2011/10/02/was-al-harith-the-source-of-the-prophets-medical-knowledge/ 检索于2011年10月3日,08:46。
113.http://islampapers.com/2011/10/02/was-al-harith-the-source-of-the-prophets-medical-knowledge/ retrieved 3 October 2011, 08:46.
114. http://quran.com/86 检索于2011年9月25日,21:23
114. http://quran.com/86 Retrieved 25 September 2011, 21:23
115. Hans Wehr,第521页
115. Hans Wehr, page 521
116. 《阿拉伯语-英语词典》。Librairie Du Liban。1968年。第4卷,第1712页。
116. An Arabic-English Lexicon. Librairie Du Liban. 1968. Volume 4, page 1712.
117. 同上,第1卷,第301页。
117. Ibid, volume 1, page 301.
118. Tāj al-ʿArūs min Jawāhir al-Qāmūs,或参见Muhammad Asad在其《古兰经》译本中的脚注,该脚注可在此处查阅:http://arthursclassicnovels.com/koran/koran-asad10.html,检索日期为2011年9月5日,15:31。
118. Taj Al Arus Min Jawahir Al Qamus, or refer to Muhammad Asad’s footnote in his translation of the Qur’an, which can be found here http://arthursclassicnovels.com/koran/koran-asad10.html, retrieved 5 September 2011, 15:31.
119. 布哈里和穆斯林圣训集,由胡dhayfa传述 120. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/assets/swf/1/how-sex-determined/how-sex-determined.swf 检索于2011年10月3日,09:10。
119. Al-Bukhari and Muslim, narrated by Hudhayfa 120. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/assets/swf/1/how-sex-determined/how-sex-determined.swf retrieved 3 October 2011, 09:10.
121. 布哈里和穆斯林圣训集(Al-Bukhari and Muslim)所载,由伊本·麦斯欧德传述。
121. Al-Bukhari and Muslim, narrated by Ibn Mas’ud.
122. 由穆斯林(Muslim)在《天命篇》(Kitab al-Qadar)中叙述。 123. 《古兰经翻译:论述、文本与注释》(Qur’an Translation: Discourse, Texture and Exegesis)。Curzon Press,2001年,第9页。
122. Narrated by Muslim, Kitab al-Qadar 123. Qur’an Translation: Discourse, Texture and Exegesis. Curzon Press. 2001, page 9
124. 同上,第5页
124. Ibid, page 5
125. 同上,第7页
125. Ibid, page 7
126. 同上,第65页
126. Ibid, page 65
127.《古兰经:附章节引言与附录》。古兰经项目。Saheeh International 译本。2011年,第345页。《古兰经》第31章第27节。www.quranproject.org。
127.The Qur’an: with Surah Introductions and Appendices. The Qur’an Project. Saheeh International Translation. 2011, page 345. Qur’an chapter 31 verse 27. www.quranproject.org.