伊斯兰允许个人拥有财产，但规定了拥有财产的方式。它允许个人自由处置自己所拥有的财产，但也规定了处置的方式。伊斯兰考虑到人与人之间在身体和智力能力上的差异，因此作出安排，帮助弱者和贫困者，命令富人施舍穷人和需要帮助的人。伊斯兰还将那些本质上对社会不可或缺的公用事业设为全体穆斯林的公共财产，并禁止任何人私自占有或为自己或他人独占此类公用事业。它还将提供财富（无论是以商品还是服务的形式）的责任委托给国家，并允许国家独占某些财产。

Islam allows individual ownership, but has determined the manner of ownership. It has permitted the individual to freely dispose of what He or she owns, but it has also determined the manner of disposal. Islam has taken into account the disparity in the physical and mental abilities among the humans; therefore it has made provision to help the weak and the needy, by commanding the wealthy to give to the poor and needy. Islam has also made the utilities, which are in their nature indispensable to the community, a public property for all Muslims, and has forbidden any person from privately owning or protecting for himself or for others such utilities. It has also delegated the responsibility of providing the wealth, either as commodities or as services, to the State, and it has also permitted the State to exclusively acquire certain properties.

因此，伊斯兰保障了国家每位公民的生计，并确保社会不致分裂，而是保持团结一致。伊斯兰也保护了个人的利益，保障了社群事务的管理，维护了国家实体，并赋予国家必要的强制性权力，使其能够履行其经济职责。然而，这只有在社会形成一种能使财富到达社会中每一个人的模式，并且社会中的个人普遍遵守全部沙里亚规则的情况下才能实现。但是，如果社会建立在明显的贫富悬殊之上，正如当今伊斯兰世界的情况那样，那么就必须通过一种新的分配过程，在公民之间取得平衡，以便在基本需求的供给上实现接近。

Islam has therefore guaranteed the livelihood for each citizen of the State, and ensured that the community does not fragment but rather remains cohesive. Islam has also protected the interests of the individuals and guaranteed the management of the community affairs, and the preserving of the entity of the State, which has been delegated with the necessary mandatory powers to carry out her economic responsibilities. This, however, could only be achievable if the society maintained a pattern which enables the wealth to reach each individual within the society, and if in turn the individuals within the society were collectively adherent to all of the Shari’ah rules. However, if the society were based on flagrant disparities, as is the case nowadays in the Islamic world, then a balance through a new process of distribution must be struck between the citizens in order to bring about a rapprochement in the provision of basic needs.

此外,如果人们在执行伊斯兰教法规则时,因误解或偶然的偏差而使思想出现偏离;或者国家怠于履行其职责、滥用其权力,那么人们就会走入歧途,社会也会偏离正道。这将导致利己主义、自私自利,以及对个人所有权的管理失当,进而导致人与人之间财富的分配不公。因此,必须维持个人之间的平衡;如果这种平衡缺失,就必须重新建立。

Furthermore, if people’s minds were to suffer deviation in the implementation of the Shari’ah rules, due to misconception, or an incidental corruption; or if the State were to neglect its duties or abuse its powers, then they would go astray and society would deviate from the right course. This would lead to egoism, selfishness and mismanagement of the individual ownership, and it would in turn lead to the maldistribution of wealth among people. That is why a balance between individuals must be maintained, and were it to be lacking, it must then be generated.

有两件事可能导致财富在人们之间分配不均。第一是财富只在富人之间流转；第二是剥夺人们获得财富的机会，并阻止他们取得使财富得以流通的手段。伊斯兰通过颁布一系列伊斯兰教法规则解决了这两个问题，旨在确保财富在所有人之间流通，不留任何例外。伊斯兰还颁布了一些教法规则，禁止囤积黄金和白银，因为它们是交换的媒介，并确保它们在社会中在所有个人之间流通。这将纠正败坏的社会、偏离正道的社会，或有可能偏离正道的社会，其目标是将财富提供给所有公民，逐一满足每个人的基本需求，并使每个人都能够尽其所能获取更多的奢侈品。

Two matters could lead to the maldistribution of wealth among people. The first would be to allow the circulation of wealth exclusively among the rich; and the second would be to deprive people from that wealth, and to prevent them from acquiring the means of circulation of that wealth. Islam has solved these two matters by decreeing a host of Shari’ah rules designed to ensure that the wealth is circulated among all people with no exception. Islam has also decreed some Shari’ah rules which prevent the hoarding of gold and silver, for they represent the means of exchange, and which ensure their circulation within the society among all individuals. This would redress the corrupted society, and the deviated or the society likely to deviate and it would aim at providing the wealth to all the citizens, one by one until each individual has his basic needs fully satisfied, and each individual has been enabled to acquire as much of the luxuries as He can.