4.3 狩猎
4.3 Hunting
另一种工作是狩猎。鱼、珍珠、珊瑚、海绵以及其他猎物,归捕获它们的人所有,正如陆地上猎获的飞禽、走兽和其他东西,也归猎人所有一样。安拉(SWT)说:
Another type of work is hunting. Fish, pearls, corals, sponges and other prey are possessed by those who hunt them, as in the case of birds, animals and other things hunted on land, which are also the property of those who hunt them. Allah (swt) said:
“允许你们猎取水中的动物并以之为食,作为你们和旅行者的给养;但在你们处于朝觐的依赫兰(Ihram)状态时,禁止你们猎取陆地上的动物。”[《筵席》:96] 至尊的主说:
“Lawful to you is (the pursuit of) water-game and its use for food-for the benefit of yourselves and those who travel, but prohibited is (the pursuit of) land-game as long as you are in a state of Ihram.” [Al-Ma’idah: 96] And He (swt) said:
“如果你们已经脱离了朝觐的戒律状态(ihram),那么你们可以打猎。”[Al-Ma’idah:2] 真主(SWT)说:
“If you broke your State of Ihram you are allowed to hunt.” [Al-Ma’idah:2] And He (swt) said:
“他们问你什么东西对他们是合法的(作为食物)。你说:对你们合法的,是一切美好纯净的食物(tayyebat),以及你们所教导的猛禽猛兽所捕获的,你们按照安拉指示的方式训练它们去狩猎。它们为你们捕获的,你们可以吃,但要诵念安拉的名……”[《筵席》:4]阿布·塔阿拉巴·哈什尼传述说:“我来到安拉的使者ﷺ面前,说:‘安拉的先知ﷺ啊!我们身处一片狩猎之地,我用箭狩猎,也用我受过训练的狗狩猎,也用我未受过训练的狗狩猎,请告诉我,这些中哪一种对我是允许的?’他(SWT)说:‘至于你提到的,你们身处狩猎之地,那么你用箭所猎获的,若你在其上提到安拉的名,你就可以吃;你用受过训练的狗所猎获的,若你在其上提到安拉的名,你就可以吃;你用未受过训练的狗所猎获的,而你在它死前赶上了它并宰杀了它,你就可以吃。’”(由奈萨仪和伊本·马哲传述)。
“They ask you what is lawful to them (as food). Say: lawful to you are (all) things good and pure (tayyebat), and what you have taught the beasts and birds of prey, training them to hunt in the manner directed to you by Allah. Eat what they catch for you, but pronounce the name of Allah over it…” [Al-Ma’idah: 4] And Abu Tha’alaba al-Khashni narrated, “I came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said: ‘O Prophet (pbuh) of Allah! We are in a hunting land, I hunt by my arrow and by my trained dog and with my untrained dog, so tell me which of these is allowed for me?’ He (swt) said: “As for what you mentioned, that you are in a hunting land, so what you hunted by your arrow and mentioned on it the name of Allah, eat of it, and what you hunted by your trained dog, and mentioned on it the name of Allah, eat of it, and that which you hunted by your untrained dog and you got it before its death and slaughtered it, eat of it.”’ (narrated by An-Nisai and Ibn Majah).