Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya ce:

Allah the Almighty says:

{Sun bi abin da shaiɗanu suke karantawa a zamanin Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaiɗanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abin da aka saukar a Babila ga malaikun nan biyu, Harut da Marut. Amma waɗannan malaiku biyu ba su koyar da kowa ba sai bayan sun faɗa masa cewa, "Mu fitina ne kawai, don haka kada ku kafirta (ta hanyar koyon wannan sihiri daga gare mu)." Daga waɗannan malaiku ne mutane suke koyon abin da suke raba mutum da matarsa da shi, amma ba su iya cutar da kowa da shi ba sai da izinin Allah. Suna koyon abin da yake cutar da su, ba abin da yake amfanar da su ba. Kuma lallai sun sani cewa wanda ya saya (sihiri) ba shi da rabo a Lahira. Kuma tabbas mummunan abu ne abin da suka sayar da kansu da shi, idan da sun sani. Idan kuma da sun yi imani, suka kiyaye kansu daga sharri, suka kiyaye tsoron Allah, lada daga wurin Ubangijinsu zai fi alheri, idan da sun sani!}. (Al-Baqarah, 102, 103)

{They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us). "And from these (angels) people learn that by which they cause separation between man and his wife, but they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's Leave. And they learn that which harms them and profits them not. And indeed they knew that the buyers of it (magic) would have no share in the Hereafter. And how bad indeed was that for which they sold their own selves, if they but knew. And if they had believed and guarded themselves from evil and kept their duty to Allah, far better would have been the reward from their Lord, if they but knew!}. (Al-Baqarah, 102, 103)

Ya ruwaito Al-`Ufi a cikin tafsirinsa daga Ibn `Abbas (Allah ya yarda da shi) dangane da Maganar Allah {Suka bi abin da shaidanu suka karanta a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaidanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abin da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut. Amma su biyun ba su koyar da kowa ba sai sun ce, "Mu dai jarrabawa ne, don haka kada ku kafirta (ta hanyar koyon wannan sihiri daga gare mu)"...} Lokacin da Sulaiman ya rasa mulkinsa, mutane da yawa daga cikin mutane da aljanu sun juya baya, suka bi son zuciyarsu. Amma lokacin da Allah ya mayar wa Sulaiman mulkinsa, kuma masu juyawa baya suka sake bin tafarki madaidaici, sai Sulaiman ya kwashe littattafansu masu tsarki, ya binne su a ƙarƙashin kursiyinsa. Ba da jimawa ba Sulaiman (Aminci ya tabbata a gare shi) ya rasu. Nan take mutane da aljanu suka tono littattafan da aka binne, suka ce: Wannan littafi ne Allah ya saukar wa Sulaiman, wanda ya ɓoye mana. Suka riƙe shi a matsayin addinin su, sai Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya saukar da MaganarSa: {Sa'ad da wani Manzo daga wurin Allah ya zo musu, yana mai tabbatar da abin da yake tare da su, sai wata ƙungiya daga cikin waɗanda aka bai wa Littafi suka jefar da Littafin Allah a bayan bayansu kamar ba su sani ba!} (Al-Baqarah, 101) suka kuma bi abin da shaidanu suka bayar, watau kayan kiɗa, wasa da duk abin da ke hana tunawa da Allah.

Narrated Al-`Ufi in his interpretation on the authority of Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) pertaining to Allah's Statement {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us).”...} When Sulaiman lost his kingdom, great numbers from among mankind and the jinn renegaded and followed their lusts. But, when Allah restored to Sulaiman his kingdom and the renegade came to follow the Straight Path once again, Sulaiman seized their holy scriptures which he buried underneath his throne. Shortly after, Sulaiman (Peace be upon him) died. In no time, the men and the Jinn uncovered the buried scriptures and said: This was a book revealed by Allah to Sulaiman who hid it from us. They took it as their religion and Allah the Almighty revealed His Saying: {And when there came to them a Messenger from Allah confirming what was with them, a party of those who were given the Scripture threw away the Book of Allah behind their backs as if they did not know!}. (Al-Baqarah, 101) and they followed what the devils gave out, i.e. musical instruments, play and all that blocks the remembrance of Allah.

Ibn Abu Hatim ya ruwaito: Abu Sa'id Al-Ashaj ya gaya mini, bayan Abu Usamah, bayan Al-A'mash, bayan Al-Minhal, bayan Sa'id Ibn Jubair, bayan Ibn `Abbas (Allah ya yarda da shi) yana cewa: Asif shi ne marubucin Sulaiman. Ya san Suna Mai Girma na Allah, kuma yana rubuta abin da Sulaiman ya umurce shi da rubutawa, sannan ya binne shi a ƙarƙashin kursiyyi. Bayan mutuwar Sulaiman, aljanu suka fitar da shi, suka rubuta tsakanin kowane layi biyu abubuwa na sihiri da na kafirci. Suka ce:

Narrated Ibn Abu Hatim: I was told by Abu Sa' id Al-Ashaj after Abu Usamah after Al-A' mash after Al-Minhal after Sa'id Ibn Jubair after Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) as saying: Asif was Sulaiman's scribe. He knew the Greatest Name of Allah and used to write what he was ordered to by Sulaiman, then, bury it underneath the throne. After Sulaiman's death, the devils got it out and wrote between each two lines magical and blasphemous things. They said:

"wannan shi ne abin da Sulaiman ke amfani da shi kuma yana aiki da shi." Jahilai daga cikin mutane suna ɗaukar Sulaiman a matsayin kafiri, suka ci gaba da zaginsa har aka aiko Muhammad ﷺ da Alkur'ani mai girma wanda ke karantawa:

"this is what Sulaiman used to apply and act upon." The ignorant among the people regarded Sulaiman as a disbeliever and continued to insult him till Muhammad (Peace be upon him) was sent with the Glorious Qur'an that reads:

{Suka bi abin da shaiɗanu suka karanta a zamanin Sulaiman. Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaiɗanu ne suka kafirta}.

{They followed what the, Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved}.

Ibn Jarir ya ruwaito: An gaya mini daga Abu As-Sa'ib Salamah Ibn Junadah As-Sawa'i, daga Abu Mu`awiyah, daga Al-A`mash, daga Al-Minhal, daga Sa`id Ibn Jubair, daga Ibn `Abbas (Allah ya yarda da shi) cewa ya ce:

Narrated Ibn Jarir: I was told by Abu As-Sa'ib Salamah Ibn Junadah As- Sawa'i after Abu Mu`awiyah after Al-A`mash after Al-Minhal after Sa`id Ibn Jubair on the authority of Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) as saying:

Sa'ad da Sulaiman zai yi bahaya ko ya kwana da wata daga cikin matansa, sai ya ba wata mace mai suna Al-Jaradah zobensa. Sa'ad da Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya so ya jarrabi Sulaiman, sai ya ba wannan mace zobensa. Daga baya, Shaiɗan ya zo mata a siffar Sulaiman, ya karɓi zobe daga gare ta. Sa'ad da Shaiɗan ya sa zoben, sai dukkan mutane, aljanu da shaiɗanu suka miƙa wuya gare shi. Sai Sulaiman ya zo yana neman zobensa daga gare ta, sai ta ce: "Kai maƙaryaci ne, ba kai ne Sulaiman ba." Ta haka Sulaiman ya sani cewa jarrabawa ce daga Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki.

When Sulaiman wanted to answer the call of nature or to make love with any of his wives, he used to give his ring to a woman called Al-Jaradah. When Allah the Almighty wanted to afflict Sulaiman, he gave his ring to that woman. Afterwards, Satan came to her in the form of Sulaiman and took the ring from her. When Satan put the ring on, all mankind, the jinn and Devils submitted to him. Then, Sulaiman came seeking his ring from her and she said: "You are a liar, you are not Sulaiman." Thus, Sulaiman knew that it was a test from Allah the Almighty.

A kan wannan, aljanu suka sami 'yanci su aikata duk abin da suka so. Saboda haka, sai suka rubuta littattafan sihiri da kafirci, suka binne su a ƙarƙashin kursiyin Sulaiman. Bayan mutuwar Sulaiman, sai suka tono waɗannan littattafai suka ce wa mutane: Lalle ne, Sulaiman yana rinjaye ne da taimakon waɗannan littattafai.

Upon this, the devils were free to do whatever they wished. So, they wrote down books of black magic and blasphemy which they buried underneath the throne of Sulaiman. After Sulaiman's death, they uncovered these books and said to the people: Verily, Sulaiman used to prevail with the help of these books.

Saboda haka, mutane suka nuna cewa Sulaiman ba shi da laifi, suka kuma ayyana shi a matsayin kafiri har zuwa zuwan Annabi Muhammadu ﷺ.

Consequently, the people declared their innocence of Sulaiman and declared him to be a disbeliever till the advent of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him)

Wane ne ya zo da Ayar Alqur'ani da ke cewa: {Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma Shaidanu ne suka kafirta}? Sai Ibn Jarir ya ce: Ibn Hamid ya gaya mini, daga Jarir, daga Husain Ibn `Abdur Rahman, daga `Imran, cewa ya ce:

who came with the Qur'anic Verse that reads: {Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved}. Then, Ibn Jarir said: I was told by Ibn Hamid after Jarir after Husain Ibn `Abdur Rahman after `Imran as saying:

Yayin da muke tare da Ibn `Abbas (Allah ya yarda da su), wani mutum ya zo, sai Ibn `Abbas ya tambaye shi: Daga ina kake? Mutumin ya ce: daga Iraki.

While we were with Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them), a man came and Ibn `Abbas asked him: Where do you come from? The man said: from Iraq.

Ibn `Abbas ya tambaya: wace birni? Mutumin ya ce: Kufa. Ibn `Abbas ya ce: Me ne labarin da ke can yanzu? Mutumin ya ce: Na bar su suna magana game da tafiyar `Ali zuwa gare su. Ibn `Abbas (Allah ya yarda da shi) ya ce: Ta yaya za ka faɗi haka! Idan da mun ji haka (cewa yana tafiya ya bar mu zuwa ga mutanen Kufa), da ba mu auri matan sa ba, ko mu raba dukiyarsa a tsakaninmu. Amma zan faɗa maka gaskiya: mala'iku sukan sauko a kan gizagizai su ambaci wannan ko wancan al'amari da aka ƙaddara a Sama. Shaiɗanu kuwa sukan saurara a ɓoye ga irin wannan magana, su sauko don su yi wa masu duba (kahinai) wahayi da ita, su kuma waɗannan sukan ƙara wa magana ɗari na ƙarya nasu. Mutane sun yi imani da su, suna ɗaukar su amintattu. Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya sanar da Sulaiman al'amarin, ya kuma ba shi ikon binne waɗannan ƙarairayi a ƙarƙashin kursiyinsa. Bayan mutuwarsa, sai wani shaiɗan ya ce: Zan iya jagorantar ku zuwa ga dukiya mafi ƙaunata da daraja ta Sulaiman. Tana ƙarƙashin kursiyinsa.

Ibn `Abbas asked: which city? The man said: Kufa. Ibn `Abbas asked: What is the latest news there? The man said: I left them talking about `Ali's departing for them. Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) said: how dare you say so! If we felt that (he is departing us for the people of Kufa), we would not marry his women, or divide his properties among us. However, I will tell you the truth: the angels used to descend on the clouds and mention this or that matter decreed in the Heaven. The devils listen stealthily to such a matter, come down to inspire the soothsayers with it, and the latter would add to it one hundred lies of their own. The people believe in them and regard them trustworthy. Allah the Almighty informed Sulaiman with the matter and enabled him to bury these lies under his throne. After his death, one of the devils said: I can lead you to Sulaiman's dearest and most precious treasure. It is under his throne.

Saboda haka, sun gano shi suka ce: wannan sihiri ne. Daga baya, an ci gaba da kwafa shi da aiki da shi, kuma abin da mutanen Iraki ke yi a yau ba komai ba ne face ragowarsa. Allah Mai girma ya saukar da cewa: {Suka bi abin da shaidanu suka karanta (na ƙarya na sihiri) a zamanin Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaidanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abubuwan da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut. Amma waɗannan mala'iku biyu ba su koyar da kowa ba har sai sun ce: "Mu dai jarrabawa ne, don haka kada ku kafirta (ta hanyar koyon wannan sihiri daga gare mu)." Daga waɗannan mala'iku ne mutane ke koyon abin da suke raba miji da matarsa da shi, amma ba za su iya cutar da kowa da shi ba sai da izinin Allah. Suna koyon abin da ke cutar da su, ba kuma abin da ke amfanar da su ba. Lalle ne sun sani cewa masu saye da shi ba su da rabo a Lahira}.

Consequently, they uncovered it and said: this is magic. Afterwards, it continued to be copied and acted upon and what the Iraqi people practice nowadays is nothing but its remnants. Allah the Almighty revealed: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us). " And from these (angels) people learn that by which they cause separation between man, and his wife, but they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's Leave. And they learn that which harms them and profits them not. And indeed they knew that the buyers of it (magic) would have no share in the Hereafter}.

As-Sadiy ya ce: Maganar Allah: {Suka bi abin da shaiɗanu suka karanta (na sihiri) a zamanin Sulaiman. Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, sai dai shaiɗanu

As-Sadiy said: Allah's Saying: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils)

ba su kafirta ba}, wato shaiɗanu sukan saurara a ɓoye zuwa ga maganganun mala'iku game da abin da ke faruwa ga mutanen duniya: mutuwa, al'amuran gaibi ko umarnin Allah. Sannan sukan sauko su yi wa boka wahayi da hakan, shi kuma yă faɗa wa mutane. Mutane suna yarda da su kuma suna ɗaukar su amintattu. Lokaci bayan lokaci, bokaye suna amincewa da shaiɗanu, waɗanda daga baya suke ƙara wa kowace kalma ƙarya ɗari daga nasu. Mutane suka fara rubuta waɗannan al'amura, sai labari ya bazu a cikin Banu Isra'ila cewa aljannu suna sanin gaibi. Sulaiman ya yi saurin tattara dukkan waɗannan rubuce-rubuce, ya sa su a cikin akwati, ya binne shi a ƙarƙashin kursiyinsa. Duk shaiɗanun da suka yi ƙoƙarin ma kusantar akwatin an ƙone su da rai. Sulaiman ya bayyana cewa zai yanka duk wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa shaiɗanu suna sanin gaibi. Bayan rasuwar Sulaiman da na malamai masu ibada waɗanda suka san hakan sosai, sai wani shaiɗan ya zo a sifar mutum ga mutane, ya ce: Zan jagorance ku zuwa ga wata dukiya ta har abada wadda ba za ta ƙare ba. Ya umarce su su tono ƙarƙashin kursiyin Sulaiman, shi kuma ya ɗauki gefe. Ya ce musu: ku kashe ni idan ba ku sami komai ba. Suka tona suka sami waɗannan rubuce-rubuce. Nan take shaiɗan ya ce: Da wannan sihiri ne kawai Sulaiman ya iya rinjayar mutane, aljannu da tsuntsaye. Sannan ya tashi ya tafi. An yi ta yaɗa jita-jita cewa Sulaiman mai sihiri ne. Banu Isra'ila suka ci gaba da riƙe waɗannan rubuce-rubuce, suka yi jayayya da Annabi Muhammadﷺ.

disbelieved}, i.e. the devils used to listen stealthily to the talks of the angels concerning what happens to those on earth: death, unseen matters or divine ordainments. Then, they come down to inspire the soothsayers with it and the latter would tell the people with it. The people believe in them and regard them trustworthy. Time after time, the soothsayers trusted the devils who later on used to add to each word one-hundred lies of their own. The people started to write down these matters and it circulated among the Children of Israel that the Jinn know the Unseen. Sulaiman moved quickly and gathered all these writings and put them in a chest and buried it under his throne. All the devils who tried to even approach the chest were burnt alive. Sulaiman declared that he would behead anyone who claims that the devils know the Unseen. After Sulaiman's death and that of the godly-scholars who knew it well, a devil came in the form of a human being to the people and said: I will lead you to an everlasting treasure that will never run out. He ordered them to dig under Sulaiman's throne and he took a side. He said to them: kill me if you find nothing. They dug it and found these writings. Thereupon, the devil said: Only with this magic, Sulaiman could overcome mankind, the Jinn and birds. Then, he flew away. It was rumored and circulated that Sulaiman had been a sorcerer. The Children of Israel kept these writings and disputed with Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him)

game na su. Amma Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya saukar masa da Maganarsa: {Sun bi abin da shaidanu suka karanta (na sihiri) a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman. Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaidanu ne suka kafirta}.

regarding them. But Allah the Almighty revealed to him His Saying: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved}.

An-ruwaito daga Ar-Rabi' Ibn Anas: Yahudawa sun kasance suna tambayar Annabi Muhammadu ﷺ game da al'amura daga Attaura, kuma duk lokacin da suka tambaye shi, Allah yana saukar masa da abin da zai doke su da shi ya kuma rinjaye su.

Narrated Ar-Rabi' Ibn Anas: the Jews used to ask Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) about matters from the Torah, and every time they ask him, Allah reveals to him that with which he defeats and overcomes them.

Sai suka ce: Muhammadu ya fi mu sanin abin da aka saukar mana! Sannan suka tambaye shi game da sihiri, sai Allah ya saukar da Maganarsa: {Suka bi abin da shaidanu suka karanta (na ƙarya game da sihiri) a zamanin Sulaiman (Sulaiman). Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaidanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abubuwan da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut}. Kuma Ya sanar da Annabinsa Muhammadu ﷺ.

Thereupon, they said: Muhammad knows what has been revealed to us better than we do! Then, they asked him about sorcery and Allah revealed His Statement: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut}. And He informed His Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him)

cewa aljannu sun rubuta littafi game da sihiri da duba (ko faɗar gaibi), suka binne shi a ƙarƙashin kursiyin Sulaiman. Hakika, Sulaiman bai san abin da yake a ɓoye ba.

that the devils wrote a book about sorcery and soothsaying and buried it under Sulaiman's throne. Verily, Sulaiman was not knowledgeable about the Unseen.

Lokacin da ya mutu, shaiɗanu sun fitar da wannan sihirin, suka ruɗi mutane suna cewa:

When he died, the devils got that magic out and deceived the people by saying:

Wannan shi ne ilimin da Sulaiman ya kasance yana ɓoyewa daga gare ku. Annabi Muhammadu ﷺ ya sanar da Yahudawa wannan labari, sai suka fita suna sunkuyar da kawunansu, cikin shan kaye da wulakanci.

this is the knowledge which Sulaiman used to secretly keep from you. Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) informed the Jews of that narration and they went out lowering their heads defeated and humiliated.

Mujahid ya ce game da maganar Allah: {Suka bi abin da shaidanu suka karanta a kan mulkin Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaidanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abin da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut}, shaidanu suna sauraro a ɓoye ga tattaunawar mala'iku, suna kuma ƙara ɗari biyu na ƙarya ga abin da suka ji. Sai Sulaiman ya kama abin da suka rubuta, bayan mutuwarsa kuma suka sake samunsa suka koya wa mutane, ba komai ba ne face sihiri.

Mujahid said pertaining to Allah's Statement: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut}, the devils used to listen stealthily to the discussions of the angels and add to what they heard twohundred lies. Then, Sulaiman seized what they wrote and after his death they regained it and taught it to the people, it was nothing but blackmagic.

Sa'id Ibn Jubair ya ce: Sulaiman yana neman tare da kama sihirin shaidanu, yana kuma binne shi a karkashin kursiyinsa. Shaidanu ba su iya kaiwa gare shi ba, sai suka yi wa mutane wahayi cewa ilimi ne da Sulaiman ya yi amfani da shi wajen rinjayar aljannu, iska, da sauransu, kuma an binne shi a karkashin kursiyinsa. Daga baya mutane suka fitar da shi suka yi aiki da shi. Daga baya kuma mutanen Hijaz suka ce: Sulaiman yana yin sihiri. A kan haka Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya saukar da Maganarsa: {Suka bi abin da shaidanu suka karanta a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman. Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaidanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abin da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut}. Muhammad Ibn Ishaq Ibn Yasar ya ce: Lokacin da shaidanu suka ji labarin mutuwar Sulaiman, sai suka rubuta nau'o'in sihiri kamar haka: domin cika irin wannan al'amari, yi irin wannan aiki. Suka tara dukkan wannan a cikin littafi, suka rufe shi da zobe mai rubutun da yake a zoben Sulaiman, suka sa masa take da cewa: Wannan abin da Asif Ibn Barkhiya ya rubuta bisa umarnin Sarki Sulaiman Ibn Dawud. Sannan suka binne shi a karkashin kursiyin (Sulaiman). Bayan wani lokaci, Bani Isra'ila suka fitar da shi suka ce:

Sa'id Ibn Jubair said: Sulaiman used to look for and capture the magic of the devils and keep it buried under his throne. The devils could not reach it and thus they inspired to the people that it is the knowledge with which Sulaiman was able to overcome the Jinn, the wind, etc., and that it is buried under his own throne. Afterwards, the people got it out and practiced it. Later, the people of the Hejaz said: Sulaiman used to practice sorcery. Upon this, Allah the Almighty revealed His Saying: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut}. Muhammad Ibn Ishaq Ibn Yasar said: when the devils knew of the death of Sulaiman, they wrote down types of sorcery (magic) as thus: to fulfill such and such matters, practice such and such (procedures). They gathered all these in a book and sealed it with a ring bearing the inscription found on Sulaiman's ring and titled it with: This is what was written by Asif Ibn Barkhiya by order of King Sulaiman Ibn Dawud. Then, they buried it under the throne (of Sulaiman). After some time, the Children of Israel got it out and said:

Lalle, Sulaiman bai yi mulki a kanmu ba sai da wannan, kuma sun yada sihiri a tsakanin mutane. Lokacin da Annabi Muhammad ﷺ ya ambaci Sulaiman ɗan Dawud a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Manzannin da Allah Maɗaukaki ya aiko a baya, Yahudawan Madina suka ce: Abin mamaki, Muhammad yana cewa Sulaiman ɗan Dawud annabi ne. Wallahi, ba komai ba ne face mai sihiri. Nan take Allah Maɗaukaki ya saukar da Maganarsa: {Sun bi abin da shaiɗanu suka karanta (na sihiri) a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman. Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaiɗanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abin da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut. Amma su biyun ba su koyar da kowa ba sai sun ce: "Mu kawai jarrabawa ne, don haka kada ku kafirta (ta hanyar koyon wannan sihiri daga gare mu)." Daga waɗannan mala'iku mutane suke koyon abin da ke raba tsakanin mutum da matarsa, amma ba za su iya cutar da kowa da shi ba sai da izinin Allah. Suna koyon abin da zai cutar da su, ba abin da zai amfane su ba. Lalle sun sani cewa duk wanda ya saya shi (sihirin) ba shi da rabo a Lahira. Kuma abin da suka sayar da kansu da shi mummunan abu ne, idan dai da sun sani.}

Verily, Sulaiman ruled over us only with this and they diffused sorcery among the people. When Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) mentioned Sulaiman Ibn Dawud as one of the former Messengers sent by Allah the Almighty, the Jews in Madinah said: Amazingly Muhammad claims that Sulaiman Ibn Dawud was a Prophet, by Allah, he was nothing but a sorcerer. Thereupon, Allah the Almighty revealed His Saying: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us)." And from these (angels) people learn that by which they cause separation between man and his wife, but they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's Leave. And they learn that which harms them and profits them not. And indeed they knew that the buyers of it (magic) would have no share in the Hereafter. And how bad indeed was that for which they sold their own selves, if they but knew).

Ibn Jarir ya ruwaito: An gaya mini daga Al-Qasim, daga Hussein Ibn Al-Hajjaj, daga Abu Bakr, daga Shahr Ibn Hawshab2 cewa: Shaidanu sukan rubuta sihiri a lokacin da Sulaiman bai nan. "Sun rubuta: duk wanda yake son yin irin wannan abu, to ya tsaya yana fuskantar rana ya ce irin wannan abu. Kuma duk wanda yake son yin irin wannan abu, to ya tsaya yana bayar da bayansa ga rana ya ce irin wannan abu." Sun rubuta wannan a cikin wani littafi mai suna: "Wannan ne abin da Asif Ibn Barkhiya ya rubuta bisa umarnin Sarki Sulaiman Ibn Dawud: daga cikin dukiyar ilimi." Sannan suka binne shi a karkashin kujerar Sulaiman. Lokacin da Sulaiman ya mutu, Shaidan ya kafa kansa a matsayin mai jawabi ya ce: "Ya ku mutane! Sulaiman ba annabi ba ne; mai sihiri ne kawai! Ku je ku nemi sihirinsa a gidajensa da kayansa." Ya kuma jagorance su zuwa ga "dukiyar" da aka binne. Mutanen suka ce: "Na rantse da Allah! Sulaiman mai sihiri ne wanda ya mallake mu ta hanyar sihirinsa." Muminai daga cikinsu suka ce: "A'a, shi annabi ne amintacce." Lokacin da aka aiko Annabi Muhammad ﷺ, ya ambaci Dawud da Sulaiman, sai Yahudawa suka ce: "Muhammad yana gauraya gaskiya da karya:

Narrated Ibn Jarir: I was told by Al-Qasim after Hussein Ibn Al-Hajjaj after Abu Bakr after Shahr Ibn Hawshab2 as saying: The devils used to write sorcery down when Sulaiman was absent. "They wrote: whosoever wants to do such and such, he should stand facing the sun and say such and such. And, whosoever wants to do such and such, he should stand giving his back to the sun and say such and such." They wrote this in a book titled: "This is what has been written by Asif Ibn Barkhiya by the order of King Sulaiman Ibn Dawud: from the treasures of knowledge." Then, they buried it under Sulaiman's throne. When Sulaiman died, Satan established himself as an orator and said: "O people! Sulaiman was not a prophet; he was only a sorcerer! Go and seek his sorcery in his dwellings and luggage." And he led them to the buried "treasure". The people said: "By Allah! Sulaiman was a sorcerer who subjected us through his magic." The believers from among them said: "Nay, he was a faithful Prophet." When Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) was sent and he mentioned Dawud and Sulaiman, the Jews said: "Muhammad confounds the truth with falsehood:

Ya sanya Sulaiman tare da Annabawa, alhali kuwa shi kawai mayen da iska ke ɗauka ne. Daga nan sai Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya saukar da wannan ayar: {Suka bi abin da shaiɗanu suka karanta a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman. Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, amma shaiɗanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abin da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut. Amma waɗannan mala'iku biyu ba su koyar da kowa ba sai bayan sun ce: "Mu kawai jarrabawa ne, don haka kada ku kafirta (ta hanyar koyon wannan sihiri daga gare mu)."}

he puts Sulaiman with the Prophets while he was just a sorcerer who was carried by the wind. Thereupon, Allah the Almighty revealed: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marutbut neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us).

Kuma daga waɗannan (mala'iku) mutane suke koyon abin da suke raba mutum da matarsa da shi, amma ba za su iya cutar da kowa da shi ba face da izinin Allah. Suna koyon abin da yake cutar da su, ba ya amfanar da su. Lalle sun sani cewa masu saye da shi (sihiri) ba su da rabo a Lahira. Kuma tabbas abin da suka sayar da rayukansu da shi ya munana, idan dai da sun sani.

"And from these (angels) people learn that by which they cause separation between man and his wife, but they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's Leave. And they learn that which harms them and profits them not. And indeed they knew that the buyers of it (magic) would have no share in the Hereafter. And how bad indeed was that for which they sold their own selves, if they but knew}.

An nakalto daga Ibn Jarir: An gaya mini daga Muhammad Ibn 'Abdel A'la As-San'ani cewa an gaya masa daga Al-Mu'tamir Ibn Sulaiman wanda ya ce: Na ji 'Imran Ibn Jarir yana ba da labari daga Abu Majliz yana cewa: Sulaiman (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi) ya karɓi alkawari daga kowane halitta mai rai. Saboda haka, duk lokacin da wani mutum ya sami wata masifa, sai ya roƙi Allah da wannan alkawari, sai mutumin ya warke.

Narrated Ibn Jarir: I was told by Muhammad Ibn`Abdel A`la As-San`ani that he was told by Al-Mu`tamir Ibn Sulaiman who said: I heard ` Imran Ibn Jarir who narrated from Abu Majliz as saying: Sulaiman (Peace be upon him) took from every living creature a covenant. So when any person gets afflicted with anything, he (Sulaiman) asks Allah with that covenant and the person recovers.

Abin takaici, mutane sun ƙara wa wannan sihiri da tsafi, suka ce: wannan ne abin da Sulaiman ɗan Dawud yake aiki da shi. Sai Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya saukar da Maganarsa: {Suka bi abin da shaiɗanu suka karanta a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman. Sulaiman bai kafirta ba, sai dai shaiɗanu ne suka kafirta, suna koyar da mutane sihiri da abin da aka saukar a garin Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut. Amma ba su koyar da kowa ba har sai sun ce: "Mu dai jarabawa ne kawai, don haka kada ku kafirta (ta hanyar koyon wannan sihiri daga gare mu)." Kuma daga gare su ne mutane suke koyon abin da yake raba mutum da matarsa, amma ba su iya cutar da kowa da shi ba sai da izinin Allah. Suna koyon abin da yake cutar da su, ba abin da zai amfane su ba. Lallai kuma sun sani cewa duk wanda ya sayi sihiri...}

Unfortunately, the people added to this sorcery and magic and said: this is what Sulaiman Ibn Dawud used to act upon. Thereupon, Allah the Almighty revealed His Saying: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did lot disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came town at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us)." And from these (angels) people earn that by which they cause separation between man and his wife, but they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's Leave. And they learn that which harms them and profits them not. And indeed they knew that the buyers of it (magic)

ba zai sami rabo ba a Lahira. Kuma tabbas abin da suka sayar da kansu da shi ya munana, da dai sun sani}.

would have no share in the Hereafter. And how bad indeed was that for which they sold their own selves, if they but knew}.

Ibn Abu Hatim ya ruwaito: An gaya mini daga `Isam Ibn Rawwad daga Adam daga Al-Mas`udi daga Ziyad, bawan da aka 'yanta na Ibn Mus`ab, daga Al-Hasan, dangane da Maganar Allah: {Suka bi abin da shaidanu suka karanta (na sihiri) a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman (Solomon)}, cewa ya ce:

Narrated Ibn Abu Hatim: I was told by `Isam Ibn Rawwad after Adam after Al-Mas`udi after Ziyad the freed slave of Ibn Mus` ab after Al-Hasan pertaining to Allah's Statement: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon)}, as saying:

Kashi ɗaya bisa uku na waƙa, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na sihiri (tsafi), da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na duba (hasashe).

one-third of poetry, one-third of sorcery (magic), and one-third of soothsaying.

Ya ce: Al-Hasan Ibn Ahmad ya gaya mini, daga Ibrahim Ibn `Abdullah Ibn Bshshar Al-Wasiti, daga Surur Ibn Al-Mughirah, daga `Abbad Ibn Mansur, daga Al-Hasan dangane da Maganar Allah: {Suka bi abin da shayɗanu suka karanta a zamanin mulkin Sulaiman}, cewa: su ne Yahudawa suka bi abin da suka karanta a zamanin Sulaiman. Tun kafin haka mutane sun san sihiri, amma an bi shi ne kawai a zamanin Sulaiman.

And, he said: I was told by AI-Hasan Ibn Ahmed after Ibrahim Ibn `Abdullah Ibn Bshshar Al-Wasiti after Surur Ibn Al-Mughirah after `Abbad Ibn Mansur after Al- Hasan pertaining to Allah's Statement: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon)}, as saying: they were the Jews who followed what they gave out in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Peace be upon him). Prior to that the people knew sorcery, but it was only followed in the lifetime of Sulaiman.

Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani ne na maganganu da ruwayoyin malaman magabata masu tsoron Allah game da wannan batu, kuma a bayyane yake cewa babu wani sabani bayyananne tsakanin ɗaya daga cikinsu da wani. Allah ya shiryar da mu duka zuwa Hanya Madaidaiciya kuma Miƙaƙƙiyar Hanyarsa! Maganar Allah: {Suka bi abin da shaiɗanu suka karanta (na sihiri) a zamanin Sulaiman (Solomon)}, watau:

That was a summary of the sayings and narrations of the godly earlier scholars concerning this and it is obvious that there is no clear contradiction between any of them, may Allah guide us all to the Right and Straight Path of His! Allah's Statement: {They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon)}, i.e.

Yahudawan da aka ba littafin Allah na farko sun juya masa baya, suka ƙi Annabi Muhammad ﷺ, kuma suka bi abin da {Shaiɗanu suka karanta}, wato abin da Shaiɗanu suka faɗa na sihiri, wato abin da aka ba da labari kuma aka riƙa ruwaitowa {a zamanin Sulaiman (Solomon)}.

the Jews who were given an earlier Divine Scripture -gave their backs to it and rejected Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and followed {what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic)},what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic), i.e. what was narrated and related by the devils {in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon)}.

Gaskiya ne cewa sihiri ya wanzu kafin zamanin Sulaiman Ibn Dawud (Aminci ya tabbata a gare su), domin an sami masu sihiri a lokacin Musa (Moses) (Aminci ya tabbata a gare shi), kuma Sulaiman ya zo bayan Musa (Aminci ya tabbata a gare su biyun). Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki yana cewa: {Shin, ba ka yi tunani ba game da jama'ar Banu Isra'ila bayan (zamanin) Musa (Moses)? Sa'ad da suka ce wa wani Annabi nasu, "Ka naɗa mana sarki, mu yi yaƙi a hanyar Allah." Ya ce, "Shin idan an wajabta muku yaƙi, za ku ƙi yin yaƙin?" Suka ce, "Me ya hana mu yi yaƙi a hanyar Allah alhali kuwa an kore mu daga gidajenmu da 'ya'yanmu (an kwashe iyalanmu bayi)?" Amma sa'ad da aka umarce su da yaƙin, sai suka juya baya, sai wasu kaɗan daga cikinsu. Allah masani ne ga azzalumai (masu shirka da masu zalunci)} (Al-Baqara, 246). Sa'an nan, Allah ya ambaci labarin da, {Dawud (Dauda)

It is true that magic existed before the time of Sulaiman Ibn Dawud (Peace be upon them) because magicians were found in the lifetime of Musa (Moses) (Peace be upon him) and that Sulaiman came after Musa (Peace be upon them both). Allah the Almighty says: {Have you not thought about the group of the Children of Israel after (the time of) Musa (Moses)? When they said to a Prophet of theirs, "Appoint for us a king and we will fight in Allah's Way." He said, "Would you then refrain from fighting, if fighting was prescribed for you?" They said, "Why should we not fight in Allah's Way while we have been driven out of our homes and our children (families have been taken as captives)?" But when fighting was ordered for them, they turned away, all except a few of them. And Allah is All-Aware of the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers)}. (Al- Baqarah, 246) then, Allah mentioned the story in which, {and Dawud (David)

…kashe Jalut (Goliath), sai Allah ya ba shi [Dawud (David)] mulki [bayan mutuwar Talut (Saul) da Samuel] da Al-Hikmah (Annabci), ya koya masa abin da Ya so}. (Al-Baqara, 251) da kuma mutanen Salih wadanda suka wanzu kafin Ibrahim (Amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi).

killed Jalut (Goliath), and Allah gave him [Dawud (David)] the kingdom [after the death of Talut (Saul) and Samuel] and Al-Hikmah (Prophethood), and taught him of that which He willed}. (Al-Baqarah, 251) and, the people of Salih who existed before Ibrahim (Peace be upon him)

Suka ce wa Annabinsu Salih: {Kai kawai kana cikin waɗanda aka yi wa sihiri!} (Ash-Shu'ara', 153)

said to their Prophet Salih: {You are only of those bewitched!}. (Ash-Shu' ara', 153)

Allah Maɗaukakin ya ce: {da abin da aka saukar a Babila ga mala'iku biyu, Harut da Marut, amma su biyun ba sa koyar da kowa}

Allah the Almighty says: {and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut but neither of these two (angels)

taught anyone (irin waɗannan abubuwa) har sai sun ce, "Mu dai jarrabawa ne kawai, don haka kada ku kafirta (ta hanyar koyon wannan sihiri daga gare mu)." Kuma daga waɗannan (mala'iku) mutane suke koyon abin da suke raba ta da shi tsakanin mutum da matarsa), watau Bayahude ya yi ikirarin ƙarya cewa Allah Maɗaukaki ya saukar da sihiri a harshen Jibrilu da Mikailu zuwa ga Sulaiman ɗan Dawud, amma Allah ya ƙaryata su ya nuna ƙaryarsu. Haka kuma, Allah ya sanar da ManzonSa Muhammadﷺ cewa ba Jibrilu ko Mikailu ne suka sauka da sihiri ba, kuma Ya bayyana tsarkin Sulaiman (amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi) daga sihiri da tsafi. Allah ya gaya wa dukkan mutane cewa sihiri ba komai ba ne face aikin shaiɗanu, waɗanda suke koya wa mutane a Babila. Kuma mutum biyu waɗanda suke koya wa mutanen wurin ana kiransu Harut da Marut.

taught anyone (such things) till they had said, "We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us)." And from these (angels) people learn that by which they cause separation between man and his wife), i.e. the Jew falsely claimed that Allah Almighty revealed magic on the tongues of Gabriel and Michael to Sulaiman Ibn Dawud, but Allah belied them and showed their falsehood. Moreover, Allah informed His Messenger Muhammad (Peace be upon him) that neither Gabriel, nor Michael has descended with magic and He declared the innocence of Sulaiman (Peace be upon him) from sorcery and black magic. Allah told the whole people that magic is nothing but the work of devils who teach it to the people in Babylon. And, that the two men who used to teach it to the people there were called Harut and Marut.

Imam Ahmad (Allah ya yi masa rahama) ya rawaito a cikin Musnad dinsa: Yahya Ibn Bakir ya gaya mini daga Zuhair Ibn Muhammad, daga Musa Ibn Iubair, daga Nafi', daga Abdullah Ibn Umar (Allah ya yarda da su) cewa ya ji Manzon Allah ﷺ yana cewa: "Lokacin da aka sauke Adam ﷺ a doron kasa, mala'iku suka ce: Ya Ubangijina! {Shin za Ka sanya a cikinta wadanda za su yi barna a cikinta, kuma su zubar da jini, alhali muna tsarkake Ka da godiya da yabo, kuma muna tsarkake Ka}. (Al-Baqarah, 30) Suka ci gaba da cewa: Ya Ubangijinmu! Mun fi yi maka biyayya fiye da yadda mutum ke yi. Allah Mai girma da daukaka ya ce musu: Ku zabi mala'iku biyu daga cikinku su sauka doron kasa. Mala'ikun suka ce: Ya Ubangijinmu! (Mun zabi) Harut da Marut. Suka sauka doron kasa, inda furen ya bayyana musu a cikin siffar mace mafi kyau a doron kasa."

Narrated Imam Ahmed (May Allah rest his soul) in his Musnad: I was told by Yahya Ibn Bakir after Zuhair Ibn Muhammad after Musa Ibn Iubair after Nafi after `Abdullah Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) that he heard Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) as saying: "When Adam (Peace be upon him) was put down on earth, the angels said: 0 Lord! {Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood, -while we glorify You with praises and thanks and sanctify You}. (Al-Baqarah, 30) They continued: Our Lord! We obey You more than man does. Allah the Almighty said to them: Appoint two angels from amongst you to descend to earth. The angels said: Our Lord! (We chose) Harut and Marut. They went down to earth where the flower appeared to them in the form of the most beautiful woman on earth.

Sun nemi ta kwanta da su. Amma, ta ce: sai bayan kun kafirta da Allah. Suka ki, sai ta tafi na ɗan lokaci. Daga baya ta dawo tana riƙe da yaro a hannunta, suka sake neman ta a karo na biyu.

They asked her to have sexual intercourse with them. But, she said: only after you disbelieve in Allah. They refused and she went away for a while. Then, she came back holding a child in her arms and they asked her for the second time.

Ta ce: da farko dole ku kashe wannan yaro. Sun ƙi, sai ta tafi na ɗan lokaci, sannan ta dawo rike da gilashin giya. Suka sake roƙonta a karo na uku. Ta ce: Da farko dole ku sha wannan gilashin giya. Suka sha giyar, suka aikata zina da ita, sannan a ƙarshe suka kashe yaron. Idan lamirinsu ya dawo, matar ta ce: Wallahi! Bayan kun sha giyar, kun aikata duk abin da kuka ƙi aikatawa tun farko. A nan aka ba su zaɓi tsakanin karɓar azabar wannan duniya ko ta Lahira.

She said: first, you must kill this boy. They refused to and she went away for a while and then, came back holding a glass of wine. They asked her for the third time. She said: First, you must drink this glass of wine. They drank the wine, committed adultery with her and finally killed the boy. When they restored their conscience, the woman said: By Allah! After you had drunk the wine, you committed all that which you refused to do at first. Thereupon, they were given the choice between receiving the torment of this like or that of the Hereafter.