Uzair (Ezra)
Uzair ( Ezra)
Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya ce:
Allah the Almighty says:
Ko kamar wanda ya wuce ta wani gari, alhali rufinsa ya rushe a kan ginshiƙansa. Ya ce: "Yaya Allah zai rayar da wannan (gari) bayan mutuwarsa?" Sai Allah ya sa shi ya mutu shekara ɗari, sannan ya tashe shi (daga mutuwa). Ya ce: "Har yaushe ka zauna (a mace)?" Sai ya (mutumin) ya ce:
{Or like the one who passed by a town and it had tumbled over its roofs. He said: "Oh! How will Allah ever bring it to life after its death?" So Allah caused him to die for a hundred years, then raised him up (again). He said: "How long did you remain (dead)?" He (the man)
Ya ce: "Watakila na zauna (matattu) yini ko wani ɓangare na yini."
said: "(Perhaps) I remained (dead) a day or part of a day". He said:
"A'a, ka zauna (matattu) shekara ɗari. Dubi abincinka da abin shanka, ba su canja ba, kuma dubi jakinka! Kuma haka muka sanya ka alama ga mutane. Dubi ƙasusuwan, yadda muke haɗa su tare, sa'an nan muna suturta su da nama." A lokacin da wannan ya bayyana masa a fili, ya ce: "Na sani (yanzu) cewa Allah Mai iko ne akan kome." {Al-Baqarah, 259}
"Nay, you have remained (dead) for a hundred years, look at your food and your drink, they show no change and look at your donkey! And thus We have made of you a sign for the people. Look at the bones, how We bring them together and clothe them with flesh ". When this was clearly shown to him, he said, I know (now) that Allah is Able to do all things"}. (Al-Baqarah, 259)
Kuma Yahudawa suka ce: "'Uzair (Ezra) ɗan Allah ne," Nasara kuma suka ce: "Almasihu ɗan Allah ne." Wannan ita ce maganarsu da bakunansu, suna kwaikwayon maganar waɗanda suka kafirta tun a dā. Allah ya la'ance su, ta yaya ake karkatar da su daga gaskiya! (At-Taubah, 30)
And, {And the Jews say: 'Uzair (Ezra) is the son of Allah, and the Christians say: Messiah is the son of Allah. That is their saying with their mouths, resembling the saying of those who disbelieved aforetime. Allah's Curse be on them how they are deluded away from the truth!}. (At-Taubah, 30)
Al-Hafiz Abu Al-Qasim Ibn 'Asakir ya ce: Shi ne 'Uzair Ibn Jarwah, ko Ibn Suraiq Ibn 'Adiya Ibn Ayyub Ibn Darzna Ibn 'Ura Ibn Taqyi Ibn Usbu' Ibn Finhas Ibn EI- 'Azir Ibn Hamn Ibn 'Imran. An kuma ce shi ne 'Uzair Ibn Smkha. Wasu riwayoyi sun bayyana cewa kabarinsa yana Damascus. Sannan Al-Hafiz Ibn 'Asakir ya ruwaito daga Abu Al-Qasim Al-Baghawi, daga Dawud Ibn `Amr, daga Hibban Ibn `Ali, daga Muhammad Ibn Kuraib, daga mahaifinsa, daga `Abdullah Ibn `Abbas, yana cewa: Ban sani ba ko Tubba` la'ananne ne ko a'a.
Al-Hafiz Abu Al-Qasim Ibn 'Asakir said: He is 'Uzair Ibn Jarwah, or Ibn Suraiq Ibn 'Adiya Ibn Ayyub Ibn Darzna Ibn 'Ura Ibn Taqyi Ibn Usbu' Ibn Finhas Ibn EI- 'Azir Ibn Hamn Ibn 'Imran. Also, he is said to be 'Uzair Ibn Smkha. Some narrations state that his grave is located in Damascus. Then, Al-HafizIbn 'Asakir narrated on the authority of Abu Al-Qasim AI-Baghawi after Dawud Ibn `Amr after Hibban Ibn `Ali after Muhammad Ibn Kuraib after his father after `Abdullah Ibn `Abbas as saying: I do not know whether Tubba` was a cursed one or not?
Ban sani ba ko ʼUzair annabi ne ko a'a? Sannan ya ruwaito irin wannan daga Hadisin Mu'amil Ibn Al-Hasan, daga Muhammad Ibn Ishaq As-Sajizi, daga ʼAbdur Razzaq, daga Mu'amir, daga Ibn Abu Dhu'aib, daga Sa'id Al-Maqbari, daga Abu Hurairah (Allah ya yarda da shi).
And, I do not know whether `Uzair was a Prophet or not? Then, he narrated the like from the Hadith of Mu'amil Ibn Al-Hasan on the authority of Muhammad Ibn Ishaq As-Sajizi after `Abder Razzaq after Mu`amir after Ibn Abu Dhu'aib after Sa`id Al- Maqbaari on the authority of Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him).
Sa'an nan, ya ruwaito daga Ishaq Ibn Bishr – wanda aka ƙi karɓar hadisinsa – bayan Jubair da Muqatil, bayan Ad-Dahhak, daga Abdullahi Ibn Abbas (Allah ya yarda da shi) yana cewa: `Uzair yana cikin waɗanda Bikhtinassar ya kama bayi tun yana ƙarami. Sa'ad da ya kai shekara arba'in, Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya ba shi hikima. Babu wanda ya fi shi sani game da Attaura, kuma an ambace shi cikin jerin Manzanni da Annabawa, har sai da Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya share sunansa sa'ad da ya tambaya game da ƙaddarar Allah. (Wannan hadisi raunana ne kuma an ƙi shi) kuma Allah ya fi sani! Ishaq Ibn Bishr ya ruwaito bayan Sa'id, bayan Abu Urubah, bayan Qatadah, bayan Al-Hasan, daga Abdullahi Ibn Salam cewa `Uzair shi ne mutumin da Allah ya sa ya mutu shekara ɗari, sannan ya tashe shi.
Then, he narrated from Ishaq Ibn Bishr -whom is rejected -after Jubair and Muqatil after Ad Dahha, on the authority of `Abdullah Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) as saying: `Uzair was -while a young boy -among those captivated by Bikhtinassar. When he was forty, Allah the Almighty granted him wisdom. And, none was more knowledgeable than he, pertaining to the Torah, and he was mentioned with the train of Messengers and Prophets till his name was erased by Allah the Almighty when he asked about the Divine Decree. (This Hadith is Weak and Rejected) and Allah knows best! Ishaq Ibn Bishr narrated after Sa`id after Abu `Urubah after Qatadah after Al-Hasan after `Abdullah Ibn Salam that `Uzair was the man whom Allah caused to die for a hundred years, then raised him up again.
Ibn Ishaq Ibn Bishr ya ce: Sa'id Ibn Bashir ya ba ni labari bayan Wahb Ibn Munabbih:
Ibn Ishaq Ibn Bishr said: I was told by Sa`id Ibn Bashir after Wahb Ibn Munabih:
Uzairu mutum ne mai hikima kuma bawan Allah mai ibada. Wata rana ya fita don duba wasu dukiyoyinsa, a lokacin da ya gama ya wuce wani wurin da ya lalace, inda rana mai zafi ta ƙone shi. Sai ya shiga wannan wuri da ya lalace yana hawan jakinsa. Ya sauka daga jakin yana riƙe da kwanduna biyu, ɗaya cike da ɓaure ɗayan kuma cike da inabi. Ya zauna ya fitar da wani kwano inda ya matse inabin ya jiƙa busasshiyar gurasar da yake da ita a ciki. Ya ci daga ciki, sannan ya kwanta a bayansa, yana sanya ƙafafunsa biyu a jikin bango, ya fara kallon rufin gidan. Sai ya ga wasu ƙasusuwa da suka ruɓe, ya ce: {Ya Allah! Ta yaya Allah zai taba rayar da wannan bayan mutuwarsa?} Bai yi shakka game da ikon Allah na yin haka ba, amma ya faɗi haka ne cikin mamaki. Nan take Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya aiko Mala'ikan Mutuwa, wanda ya kwace ransa, Allah kuma ya sa ya mutu tsawon shekara ɗari. Bayan shekara ɗari, Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya aiko masa da wani Mala'ika, wanda da farko ya halicci zuciyarsa don ya sa shi ya kula, sannan ya halicci idanunsa biyu don ya iya gani ya kuma fahimci yadda Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki yake rayar da matattu.
`Uzair was a wise, pious worshipper. One day, he went out to look after some of his properties, when he finished he passed by a ruined place where he was scorched by the blazing sun. So, he entered that ruined place riding on his donkey. He got off the donkey holding two baskets, one full of figs and the other full of grapes. He sat down and brought out a bowl in which he squeezed the grapes and soaked the dried bread he had therein. He ate thereof and then slept on his back, relying his two legs against a wall and started to gaze at the ceiling of the house. He saw some decomposed bones and said: {Oh! How will Allah ever bring it to life after its death?} He did not doubt Allah's Omnipotence to do this, but he said it in exclamation. Upon this, Allah the Almighty sent the Angel of Death who seized his soul, and thus Allah caused him to die for a hundred years. And, after one hundred years, Allah the Almighty sent to him an Angel who first created his heart to make him heedful, then, he created his two eyes to enable him to see and realize how Allah the Almighty revive the death.
Sannan, Mala'ikan ya ci gaba da kammala halittarsa a karo na biyu yayin da yake kallo. Sannan ya lullu've kasusuwansa da tsoka, fata da gashi. Sannan ya busa rai a cikinsa. Duk wannan yana faruwa yayin da yake kallo kuma yana cikakkiyar lura. Mala'ikan ya tambaye shi yana cewa: {Har yaushe ka zauna (matacce)? Sai ya ce:
Then, the Angel continued to complete his creation once more while he was looking. The, he clothed his bones with flesh, skin and hair. Then, he breathed the soul into him. All this while he is looking and perfectly heedful. The Angel asked him saying: {How long did you remain (dead)? He (the man) said:
(Watakila) ya zauna (matacce) rana ɗaya ko wani ɓangare na rana}, domin an sa shi ya mutu da yamma, sannan aka sake ba shi rai kafin faɗuwar rana yayin da rana take har yanzu a sama; shi ya sa ya ce: {ko wani ɓangare na rana}, watau ma ba cikakkiyar rana ba. Mala'ika ya ce: {A'a, ka zauna (matacce) shekara ɗari, ka duba abincinka da abin shanku}, watau gurasar busasshiya da inabin da aka matse waɗanda ba su canza ba ko lalacewa, {ba su nuna wani canji ba}, haka ma inabin da ɓaure ba su canza ba. Kamar yadda ya fara musanta lamarin a zuciyarsa, Mala'ika ya ce: shin kana musanta abin da na faɗa? {Ka kuma duba jakinka!} Ya duba jakinsa, sai ya ga ƙasusuwansa sun rube, kuma sun lalace gaba ɗaya. Mala'ika ya kira ƙasusuwan jakin, suka amsa kiransa, suka taru daga kowane shugabanci har suka zama jiki ɗaya cikakke, yayin da 'Uzair yake kallo, sai ya suturta su da tsoka, fata da gashi. Sannan Mala'ika ya busa rai a cikinsa, sai jakin ya tashi yana ɗaga kunnuwansa da kansa zuwa sama, yana zaton Sa'a ta zo. Wannan ya zo cikin faɗinSa: {Ka duba jakinka! Haka muka mai da kai alama ga mutane. Ka duba ƙasusuwan, yadda Muke haɗa su, sannan Muke suturta su da tsoka}. Da {Lokacin da aka bayyana masa haka a fili, ya ce, na sani (yanzu) cewa Allah Mai iko ne a kan kowane abu}. Sannan ya hau jakinsa ya koma ƙauyensa, inda ya zama kamar baƙo ga mutanen, mutanen kuma suka zama kamar baƙi a gare shi. Har ma bai samu gidansa cikin sauƙi ba.
(Perhaps) I remained (dead) a day or part of a day} that he was caused to die in the afternoon and then was given life again by the end of day while the sun was still in the sky; that's why he said: {or part of a day} i.e. not even a whole day. The Angel said: {Nay, you have remained (dead) for a hundred years, look at your food and your drink} i.e. the dried bread and the squeezed grapes that did not alter or turn bad, {they show no change} , and the grapes and the figs did not change as well. As if he began to deny the matter by his heart, the Angel said: do you deny what I have said? {and look at your donkey!} he looked at his donkey and found his bones to be decomposed and became totally ruined. The Angel called upon the donkey's bones and they answered his call and gathered together from all directions till he was made one whole again –while 'Uzair was looking and he clothed them with flesh, skin and hair. Then, the Angel breathed life into it and it roused erecting his ears and head towards the sky thinking the Last Hour had come. That was stated in His Saying: {and look at your donkey! And thus We have made of you a sign for the people. Look at the bones, how We bring them together and clothe them with flesh}. And {When this was clearly shown to him, he said, I know (now) that Allah is Able to do all things} .Then, he rode on his donkey back to his village where he seemed unfamiliar to the people and the people looked unfamiliar to him. Even, he did not find his own house easily.
Lokacin da ya isa gidan, sai ya tarar da wata tsohuwa makauniya, guragu, mai shekara dari da ashirin. Baiwa ce da ya taba mallaka a baya, ya bar ta tana da shekara ashirin kacal. Sai ya tambaye ta, yana cewa: Shin wannan gidan 'Uzair ne? Ta ce: Eh, shi ne. Sai ta fashe da kuka, ta ce: A yau, babu wanda ya kan tuna da 'Uzair. Sai ya gaya mata cewa shi ne 'Uzair, kuma Allah Mai girma da daukaka ya sa ya mutu shekara dari, sannan ya sake rayar da shi. Ta ce: Subhanallahi! Mun rasa 'Uzair shekara dari da suka wuce, ba mu taba jin labarinsa ba. Sai ya ce: Lalle ni 'Uzair ne. Ta ce: 'Uzair mutum ne wanda Allah Mai girma da daukaka yake karbar addu'o'insa, don haka ka roki Allah ya mayar mini da ganina in kalle ka. Idan kai ne 'Uzair, to tabbas zan gane ka.
When he reached the house, he found a crippled blind old woman at the age of one hundred twenty years old. She was a maid owned by him in the past and he left her while she was only twenty years old. He asked her saying: is this the house of 'Uzair? She said: Yes, it is. She wept and said: Today, no one ever remembers `Uzair. He told her that he was 'Uzair and Allah the Almighty caused me to die for one hundred years then He gave me life again. She said: Glory is to be to Allah! We lost 'Uzair one hundred years ago and never heard anything about him. He said: Verily, I am 'Uzair. She said: 'Uzair was a man whose supplications were acceptable by Allah the Almighty, so invoke Allah to return my sight to me to look at you, so if you were 'Uzair, I would certainly know you.
Saboda haka, ya roƙi Allah Maɗaukaki, sannan ya shafa a kan idanunta, sai suka warke. Ya kama hannunta ya ce: Tashi da izinin Allah! Sai ta tashi da izinin Allah. Ta dube shi ta ce: Ina shaida cewa kai ne 'Uzair. Sannan ta tafi wurin Banu Isra'ila a cikin taron jama'arsu da zaman tarurrukansu, tare da ɗan 'Uzair wanda yake kimanin shekara ɗari da goma sha takwas, da jikokinsa, ta kira su tana cewa: Wannan ne 'Uzair ya dawo gare ku. Sai suka ƙaryata ta, amma ta ce: Ni ce fulani, baiwarku.
Consequently, he invoked Allah the Almighty, then, he wiped over her eyes and they were recovered and took her by the hand and said: Stand up by the Leave of Allah! She stood up by the Leave of Allah. She looked at him and said: I bear witness that you are 'Uzair. Then, she set out for the Children of Israel in their meetings and gatherings and 'Uzair's son who was about one hundred and eighteen years old and his grandsons, and she called them saying: This is 'Uzair who came back to you. They belied her, but she said: I am so and so, your maid.
Ya yi mini addu'a ga Allah, sai Ya mayar mini da ganina da kafafuna. Ta ƙara da cewa: yana da'awar cewa Allah ya sa shi ya mutu shekara ɗari, sannan Ya sake ba shi rai. Mutane suka tashi suka tafi don su duba shi. Ɗansa ya ce: mahaifina yana da baƙar alama a tsakanin kafaɗunsa. Ya bayyana kafaɗunsa, sai suka gane cewa shi ne 'Uzair. Isra'ilawa sun ce: 'Uzair shi kaɗai ne ya haddace Attaura gaba ɗaya a zuciyarsa, Bikhtinassar kuwa ya ƙone ta, babu abin da ya rage daga cikinta sai abin da mutane za su iya tunawa, don haka (idan kai ne ainihin 'Uzair) ka rubuta mana ta. Mahaifinsa, Surukha, ya binne Attaura a zamanin Bikhtinassar a wani wuri da ba wanda ya sani sai 'Uzair. Don haka ya kai su wurin, ya fitar da ita, amma abin baƙin ciki, takardun sun lalace sun rube. Saboda haka ya zauna a inuwar wata bishiya da Isra'ilawa suka kewaye shi, ya sabunta musu Attaura. A lokacin ne taurari biyu suka sauko daga sama suka shiga bakinsa, sai ya tuna dukkan rubutun Attaura, ya sabunta ta ga Isra'ilawa. Haka kuma {Yahudawa sun ce: 'Uzair ɗan Allah ne}. (At-Taubah, 30) game da al'amarin taurari biyu, da sabunta Attaura, da kuma lura da al'amuran Isra'ilawa. Ya sabunta musu Attaura a ƙasar As-Sawad. Ana cewa garin da ya mutu a cikinsa shi ne "Sairabadh." 'Abdullahi Ɗan 'Abbas (Allah ya yarda da shi) ya ce: Haka ya kasance kamar yadda Allah Maɗaukaki ya faɗa: {Kuma haka Muka sanya ku alama ga mutane} watau ga Isra'ilawa. Shi kuwa yana tare da 'ya'yansa, saurayi a cikin tsofaffi, domin ya mutu yana da shekara arba'in kawai, sai aka tashe shi a wannan shekarun da wannan matsayin. 'Abdullahi Ɗan 'Abbas ya ce: an tashe shi bayan zamanin Bikhtinassar. Haka kuma Al-Hasan ya ruwaito.
He invoked Allah for me and He recovered my eyesight and legs. She added: he claims that Allah caused him to die for one hundred years and then He gave him life again. The people rose up and went to look at him. His son said: my father had a black mole between his shoulders. He disclosed his shoulders and they realized that he was 'Uzair. The Children of Israel said: 'Uzair was the only one who committed the whole Torah to his heart and Bikhtinassar burnt it and nothing is left thereof but. what the men can remember, so (if you are the true 'Uzair) write it down for us. His father, Surukha buried the Torah during that era of Bikhrinassar in a place known to nobody but 'Uzair. Thus, he took them to that place and brought it out, but unfortunately, the papers were rotten and ruined. Consequently, he sat under the shade of a tree circulated by the Children of Israel and he renovated the Torah for them. At that time, two stars descended from the sky and entered into his mouth whereby he remembered the whole text of the Torah and thus renovated it to the Children of Israel. Thus, {The Jews say: 'Uzair (Ezra) is the son of Allah}. (At-Taubah, 30) for the matter of the two stars, renovating the Torah and charging the affairs of the Children of Israel. He renovated the Torah for them in the land of As-Sawad. The town in which he died is said to be called "Sairabadh." 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) said: Thus he was as said by Allah the Almighty: {And thus We have made of you a sign for the people} i.e. for the Children of Israel. That he was with his sons a young man among old people for he died when he was only forty and was revived on the same age and status. 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas said: he was resurrected after the time of Bikhtinassar. The same was related by Al-Hasan.
Shin Annabi ne?
Was He A Prophet?
An sani cewa 'Uzair yana ɗaya daga cikin Annabawan da aka aika zuwa ga Banu Isra'ila; ya zo ne a tsakanin lokacin Dawud da Sulaiman, da kuma tsakanin Zakariya da Yahya. A zamaninsa, babu wanda daga cikin Banu Isra'ila da ya haddace Attaura, sai Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya yi masa wahayi ya riƙe ta a zuciyarsa, sannan ya karanta ta ga Banu Isra'ila. Wahb Ibn Munabbih ya ce: Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki ya umarci wani Mala'ika ya sauko da haske, ya jefa shi ga 'Uzair. Ta haka ya rubuta Attaura harafi-harafi har ya kammala.
It is well known that 'Uzair was one of the Prophets sent to the Children of Israel; he came during the interval between Dawud and Sulaiman, and Zakariya and Yahya. At his time, none from among the Children of Israel happened to memorize the Torah, Allah the Almighty inspired him to commit it to his heart and then he recited it to the Children of Israel. Wahb Ibn Munabih said: Allah the Almighty ordered an Angel to descend with light to throw on 'Uzair .In doing this, he copied the Torah letter by letter till he was finished.
Ibn 'Asakir ya ruwaito daga 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas (Allah ya yarda da shi) cewa ya tambayi 'Abdullah Ibn Salam game da Furucin Allah:
Ibn 'Asakir narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) that he asked' Abdullah Ibn Salam about Allah's Statement:
{Yahudawa sun ce: 'Uzair (Ezra) ɗan Allah ne}. (At-Taubah, 30) Me ya sa suka ce haka? Ibn Salam ya ambata rubutun da 'Uzair ya yi na Attaurat daga ƙwaƙwalwarsa, da kuma maganar Yahudawa cewa Musa (Moses) ba zai iya kawo musu Attaurat ba sai a cikin littafi, kuma 'Uzair ya samu ta ba tare da littafi ba. A sakamakon haka, wasu daga cikinsu suka ce: 'Uzair (Ezra) ɗan Allah ne. Saboda wannan dalili, malamai da yawa suna cewa: an samu katsewa a isar da Attaurat a zamanin 'Uzair. Wannan yana da yuwuwa sosai idan 'Uzair ba Annabi ba ne, wanda 'Ata Ibn Abu Rabah da Al-Hasan Al-Basri suka karɓa, kuma Ishaq Ibn Bishr ya ruwaito shi daga Muqatil Ibn Sulaiman daga 'Ata Ibn Abu Rabah yana cewa: wannan zamani ya shaida abubuwa tara: Bikhtinassar, lambun Sanaa, lambun Saba', Ashabul-Ukhdud, Gasura, Ashabul-Kahf, Ashabul-Fil, Antioch, da Tubba'.
{The Jews say: 'Uzair (Ezra) is the son of Allah}. (At-Taubah, 30) why did they say so? Ibn Salam mentioned his ('Uzair's) writing down of the Torah out of his memory, and the saying of the Jews that Musa (Moses) could not get them the Torah but in a book, and that 'Uzair got it without a book. Thereupon, some of them said: 'Uzair (Ezra) is the son of Allah. For this reason, many scholars say: there was a discontinuation pertaining to the transmission of the Torah at the time of 'Uzair. This is very likely if 'Uzair was not a Prophet which is adopted by 'Ata 'Ibn Abu Rabah and Al-Hasan Al-Basri, and that was narrated by Ishaq Ibn Bishr after Muqatil Ibn Sulaiman after 'Ata 'Ibn Abu Rabah as saying: that period witnessed nine things: Bikhtinassar, Sanaa garden, Saba' garden, Owners of the Ditch, Gasura, Owners of the Cave, Owners of the Elephant, Antioch, and Tubba'.