《关于:"……请你像照顾你所照顾的人那样,把我当作同伴来照顾……"的解释》
The Explanation Of:“…care For Me As A Companion With Those You Have Cared For…”
意思:做我们亲近、警醒的同伴与盟友。这种类型的 al-Walaayah8
Meaning: Be a close, watchful companion and ally to us. This type of al-Walaayah8
(同伴关系或监护关系)有两种类型:一种是普遍的监护关系,另一种是特定的监护关系。特定的监护关系仅属于信士,正如安拉(SWT)所说:
(companionship or guardianship) is of two types, a general type of guardianship, and a specific type. The specific type is particular to the believers only as Allaah () says:
“安拉是信士的保护者和援助者,他将他们从黑暗引向光明。反之,不信者的保护者和援助者是他们的伪神,它们将他们从光明引向黑暗。这些人是火狱的伴侣,他们将永居其中。”[《黄牛章》2:257] 因此,你要向安拉祈求这种特殊的庇护、监护与陪伴,其中包括安拉对被赐予者的保护,也包括安拉使他或她顺利地遵循祂所喜爱和悦纳的事务。
“Allaah is the Ally, Guardian of those who believe. He brings them out from darkness into light. In addition, those who disbelieve, their allies, guardians, are their false gods. They take them out of light into darkness. Those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide eternally therein.” [Soorah al-Baqarah, 2:257] So you ask Allaah for this special type of alliance, guardianship, and companionship which includes His protection of the one to whom Allaah () gives it to. It also includes Allaah granting success to him or her in following what He loves and is pleased with.
至于一般意义上的看护,它涵盖所有人。安拉在关照每一个人,正如祂所说:"……直到死亡降临你们中的一人,我的使者们(天使)就收取他,他们绝不疏忽职守。"[《古兰经》第6章:61节] 这是对所有人的普遍看护。然后祂(SWT)在下一节经文中说:
As for the general type of guardianship, it includes everyone. Allaah is carefully watching over every person as He says, “…until when death comes to one of you, Our Messengers (angels) take him, and they never fail in their duties.” [Soorah al-An’aam, 6:61] This is general for everyone. Then He () says in the next verse:
“然后,他们被送归真主,他们真正的主宰。毫无疑问,审判属于祂,祂是最迅速的清算者。”[《牲畜章》,6:62] 然而,当我们说:“真主啊,请以你所护佑之人的方式护佑我,让我与他们为伴”时,我们所求的是一种特定的盟友关系、庇护关系与同伴关系;正如前人所言,这其中包括保护,以及顺利遵行真主所喜爱、所悦纳之事。
“Then they are returned to Allaah, their true Lord. Unquestionably, the Judgment is His, and He is the swiftest in taking to account.” [Soorah al-An’aam, 6:62] However, when we say, “O Allaah, care for me as a companion with those You have cared for,” we want the specific type of alliance, guardianship, and companionship and, as has been said, it includes protection and the success in following what Allaah loves and is pleased with.
8 العلامة الشيخ محمد أمان الجامي، رحمه الله، قال في شرحه لكتاب أصول الستة، صفحة 34، بخصوص كلمة «الولاية»: «من هنا في هذا الموضع فإنها متعلقة بدرجة الولاية، لا (تُنطق) وِلاية؛ فالولاية بفتحة على الواو، والوِلاية (بكسرة على الواو) فهي متعلقة بالإمامة».
8 Al-Alaamah ash-Shaykh Muhammad Amaan al-Jaamee-may Allah have mercy upon him said regarding the word walaayah in his explanation to Usool-us-Sittah page 34: “from here in this section it is connected to the degree of al-walaayah, not (to be pronounced) wilayaah, al-walaayah has a fatah on the Waaw and al-wilaayah (with a kasrah on the Waaw) is concerning the imamate.”