伊斯兰教法学（Fiqh）发展的第一阶段涵盖先知穆罕默德·本·阿卜杜拉的使命时期（公元609—632年）。在此期间，伊斯兰法律的唯一来源是神的启示，其形式或为《古兰经》，或为《圣训》[先知（SW.）的言行]。《古兰经》是他日常生活的蓝图，《圣训》（即逊奈）则详细阐释了《古兰经》所列的一般原则，并示范了这些原则的具体运用。

The first stage in the development of Fiqh covers the era of the Prophet Muhammad ibn ‘Abdillaah’s apostleship (609-632 CE) during which the only source of Islamic law was divine revelation in the form of either the Qur’aan or the Sunnah [the saying and actions of the Prophet (SW.)]. The Qur’aan represented the blueprint in his day-to-day life (i.e. the Sunnah) acted as a detailed explanation of the general principles outlined in the Qur’aan as well as a practical demonstration of their application.