第10章 艾卜·胡莱赖的圣训集
10 The Collection of Abū Huraira
众所周知,艾布·胡莱赖(Abu Huraira)所传的圣训最多,并且也被记录了下来。伊玛目伊本·阿卜杜勒·巴尔(Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr)援引哈桑·伊本·阿慕尔(Hasan ibn ‘Amr)的传述,他说:
It is known that Abu Huraira recorded the largest collection of Ahadith, which was also documented. Imam Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr narrates on the authority of Hasan ibn ‘Amr, who says:
我向艾布·胡莱赖传述了一段圣训,他却否认了。我说:“这段圣训是我从你那里听来的。”
I narrated a hadīth to Abñ Huraira but he rejected it. I said, “I have heard this hadīth from you.”.
他说:“如果你从我这里听过这段圣训,那我就必须把它记下来。”他握住我的手,带我到他的房间。他给我看他的藏书,其中收录了他从圣人(愿主赐福他并使他平安)那里传述的圣训。他在书中找到了我所传述的那段圣训。之后,艾布·胡莱赖对我说:
He said, “If you have heard this hadīth from me, then I must have it written down.” He held my hand and took me to his room. He showed me his library of books that comprised of his narrations from the Blessed Prophet (PBUH). He found the hadīth I had narrated in the books. After that, Abñ Huraira said to me, .
“难道我没有告诉过你们,我若向你们叙述任何圣训,你们必须把它记录下来吗?”35.
“Did I not tell you that if I narrated any hadīth to you I must have it written down?”35.
哈菲兹·伊本·哈哲尔也在他的著作《法特赫·巴里》中以另一条传述链记载了这段圣训。这件事证明,艾布·胡莱赖并非只记录了少数几则圣训,实际上他记录了所有的圣训,最终形成了他的圣训集。
Hafiz ibn Hajar has also narrated this hadīth in his book, Fatú al- Bari, with another chain. This incident proves that Abu Huraira did not document only a few aúódõth, but in fact all the ahadith which eventually became his store of hadīth books.
然而,这种保存方法并未止步于此。即便是他的学生,也将他们从他那里听到的圣训记录下来。一位名叫巴希尔·伊本·努海格的学生写道:
However this method of preservation does not stop here. Even his students wrote the aúódõth they heard from him. One student named Bashir ibn Nuhaiq wrote:
我把从阿布·胡莱赖那里听到的圣训都记录了下来。当我决定离开时,我在他身边把他向我叙述的所有圣训都诵读了一遍。然后我问道:“这些就是你向我叙述的所有圣训吗?”
I wrote down whatever aúódõth I heard from Abu Huraira. When I decided to leave, I read all the aúódõth he narrated to me by his side. Then I asked, “Are these all the aúódõth you narrated to me?”.
他回答说:“是的。”36
He replied, “Yes.”36