关于圣训的著作种类繁多。圣训学者们对这些圣训著作的类型进行了分类。下面，我们将提及其中一些类型：

Many different types of books have been written on the subject of ahadith. The hadīth masters have categorized the different types of books on ahadith. Below, we will mention some of them:

“al-Jawami‘”：al-Jawami‘ 是 Jami‘ 的复数形式。Jami‘ 指一类圣训集，其内容涵盖八个不同的主题：(1) 传记，(2) 品德，(3) 信仰，(4) 动乱［Fitan］，(5) 末日的迹象，(6) 伊斯兰教法的裁决，(7) 圣门弟子［及其他人］的美德，以及 (8) 古兰经注释。

al-Jawami‘: al-Jawami‘ is the plural of Jami‘. Jami‘ denotes the hadīth book which includes eight different subjects: (1) Biographies, (2) Morals, (3) Beliefs, (4) Degeneration [Fitan], )5) Signs of the Day of Judgment, )6) Rulings of the Shari‘a, )7) Virtues of the Sahaba [and others] and (8) Exegesis of the Qur’an.

第一部被撰写的《大全》（Jami‘）名为《穆阿玛尔·本·拉希德的大全》（Jami‘ Mu‘ammar ibn Rashid）。穆阿玛尔·本·拉希德是伊玛目祖赫里（Imam Zuhrī）的亲密弟子。这部书成书于一世纪，如今已经不存。第二部《大全》由苏夫扬·al-塞written Thauri 撰写；他的这部书同样已经不存。第三部《大全》名为《阿卜杜·拉扎格的大全》（Jāmi‘ ‘Abd al-Razzāq），但它更为人所熟知的名字是《阿卜杜·拉扎格的穆安纳夫》（Muhannaf ‘Abd al-Razzaq）。此外，当然，其他广为人知的《大全》还有布哈里的《圣训实录》和穆斯林的《圣训实录》。

The first Jami‘ ever written was called Jami‘ Mu‘ammar ibn Rashid. Mu‘ammar ibn Rashid was a close student of Imam Zuhrõ. This book came out in the first century and is now unavailable. The second Jami‘ was written by Sufyan al- Thauri; his book is also unavailable. The third Jómi‘ was titled Jómi‘ ‘Abd al-Razzóq, though it is better known by the name Muhannaf ‘Abd al-Razzaq. Then, of course, the other well- known Jami‘ are Bukhara and Muslim.

有趣的是，一些圣训学者对《穆斯林圣训实录》（Muslim）的归类存在分歧。许多人认为它属于“Jami‘”（综合性圣训集）之列，而另一些人则认为不属于，因为它关于《古兰经》注释的部分过于简短，不足以被称为“Jami‘”。

Interestingly, some hadīth masters have a difference of opinion about Muslim. Many say it is amongst the Jami‘, while others say it is not, as its section on the exegesis of the Qur’an is too short to be labeled a Jami‘.

al-Sunan（《素南》）：这类圣训集中的圣训，按照教法学著作（伊斯兰教法学）的章节顺序编排。此类著作最初称为 al-Abwab（章节），后来才改称 al-Sunan。《艾奈萨仪素南》、《艾卜·达乌德素南》、《提尔米兹素南》和《伊本·马哲素南》都属于这一类。

al-Sunan: These are hadīth books in which the ahadith are arranged in the order upon which the chapters of the books of fiqh [Islamic jurisprudence] are arranged. This type of book was first called al-Abwab [chapters] but was later changed to al- Sunan. Sunan al-Nisa’i, Sunan Abñ Dówud, Sunan al-Tirmidhi and Sunan Ibn Maja all belong in this category.

“al-Masanid”：Masanīd是Musnad的复数形式。这些书中的圣训是按照圣门弟子（Sahaba）的姓名顺序排列的。这种排列可以有多种层次。例如，可以按圣门弟子的地位从高到低排列，也可以按圣门弟子姓名的字母顺序排列。

al-Masanid: Masanīd is the plural of Musnad. The ahadith in these books are arranged in the order of the names of the Sahaba . The arrangement of these ahadith can be on many different levels. For example, they can be arranged in the order of the greatest of the Sahaba downwards or in alphabetical order of the names of the Sahaba.

al-Mu‘jam：这是一部圣训集，书中的圣训按照作者转述圣训时所依据的老师的名字排列。

al-Mu‘jam: This is a book of hadīth in which the ahadith are arranged in order of the names of the teachers from whom the author narrated his hadīth.

**《穆斯塔德拉克》**：指依照另一部圣训集所订立的收录条件（即接纳圣训入集的标准）而编纂的圣训书籍。但它不收录原圣训集中已经载录的圣训。例如，哈基姆的《穆斯塔德拉克》收集了符合伊玛目布哈里为其书所订立的收录条件的圣训。

Al-Mustadrak: The books of hadīth that have been compiled according to the conditions [for accepting a hadīth into a úadīth book] laid down in another úadīth book. However, it does not include the hadīth being narrated in the original hadīth book. The Mustadrak of Hakim, for example, compiles ahadith that fulfill the conditions Imam Bukhari laid for accepting a hadīth in his book.

al-Mustakhraj（《穆斯塔赫拉吉》）：此类典籍选取另一部圣训集中的圣训，并为每一段圣训列出与该圣训集所载传述链不同的各条传述链。虽然同一段圣训的各条传述链中的传述人各不相同，但它们最终都会上溯至同一人。

al-Mustakhraj: This compilation takes ahadith of another book and narrates the different chains of transmission for every hadīth that differs from the chain of transmission mentioned in that hadīth book. Though the chains of transmission of one hadīth contain different narrators, they eventually ascend to the same person.

《al-‘Ilal》：一部圣训著作，揭示圣训传述链中所存在的各种瑕疵。

al-‘Ilal: A book of hadīth that reveals the various faults found in the chain of transmission of a hadīth.

《阿尔巴因》：四十段圣训的汇编。

al-Arba‘in: A compilation of forty ahadith.

al-Ta‘aliq：指叙述圣训时省略传述链的圣训集，例如《Mishkat al-Mashbih》。 Sharh al-Athar：一部圣训著作，叙述表面上相互矛盾的圣训，并给出消除矛盾的解释。若圣训之间的矛盾无法消除，则提供理由和证据，说明为何取其中一则圣训而优先于另一则。

al-Ta‘aliq: The book of ahadith that narrates ahadith with- out mention of the chain of transmission, such as al-Mishkat al-Mashbih Sharh al-Athar: A book of hadīth that narrates apparently conflicting ahadith and offers an explanation that eliminates the contradiction. If the contradiction between the ahadith cannot be removed, then it provides the proofs and reasons for giving preference to one hadīth over another.

al-Jam‘a：一部汇编多部圣训集中圣训的圣训典籍，它对圣训进行了删节，并去除了重复的圣训。

al-Jam‘a: The hadīth book that abridges a collection of ahadith from different books and eliminates repetition of ahadith.

《al-Adhkór》：一部汇编圣训的书籍，收录了记载各种祈祷文（du‘ā'）与各类赞念（dhikr）的圣训。

al-Adhkór: The book of hadīth that compiles the hadīth that narrate different du‘as [supplications] and forms of dhikr [uttered devotions].

《al-Mauḍū‘āt》：一部收集散见于各类圣训典籍中的伪造圣训的圣训学著作。

al-Mauðu‘at: The book of hadīth that collects fabricated ahadith that are scattered in various hadīth books.

还有许多其他类型的圣训集在此未作提及，这既是为了简明，也是因为要理解各类其他汇编，需要具备圣训学领域的专业知识。

There are many other types of hadīth books which are not being mentioned here, both for the sake of brevity and because understanding the various other types of compilations requires an expertise in the field of hadīth..