6. النبي إبراهيم (عليه السلام)

6. النبي إبراهيم (عليه السلام) - قصص الأنبياء | Quran Course

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6. النبي إبراهيم (عليه السلام)

6. Prophet Ibrahim (abraham)

by Al-Imam ibn Kathir10 min readViewed 55 times

وصف إبراهيم وأهله

Description of Abraham and his Family

قال بعض أهل الكتاب إن اسمه إبراهيم بن تارخ، ابن ناحور، ابن ساروغ، ابن راغو، ابن فالغ، ابن عابر، ابن شالح، ابن أرفخشذ، ابن سام، ابن نوح.

Some of the People of the Book stated that his name was Abraham Ibn Tarikh, Ibn Nahur, Ibn Sarough, Ibn Raghu, Ibn Phaligh, Ibn Aher, Ibn Shalih, Ibn Arfghshand, Ibn Sam, Ibn Noah.

قالوا: إنّ تارخ لما بلغ خمسًا وسبعين سنةً، وُلد له إبراهيم وناحور وهاران. وولد لهاران ابنٌ اسمه لوط. وقالوا أيضًا: إنّ إبراهيم كان الولد الأوسط، وإنّ هاران مات في حياة أبيه في الأرض التي وُلد فيها، أرض الكلدانيين (الكلدانيين)، المعروفة أيضًا ببابل. وكان الناس في ذلك الوقت، فمنهم من يعبد الأصنام المصنوعة من الحجارة والخشب، ومنهم من يعبد الكواكب والنجوم والشمس والقمر، ومنهم من يعبد ملوكهم وحكامهم.

They said that when Tarikh was seventy five years old, he had Abraham, Nahor (Nohour) and Haran. Haran had a son named Lot. They also said that Abraham was the middle child and that Haran died in the lifetime of his father in the land where he was born, the land of the Chaldeans (Al Kaldanieen), also known as Babylonia. At that time some people worshipped idols of stone and wood; others worshipped the planets, stars, sun and moon; still others worshipped their kings and rulers.

لقد كان مُحَنَّكًا في فهم الأمور الروحية منذ صغره. أنار الله قلبه وعقله، وآتاه الحكمة منذ طفولته. قال الله تعالى:

He was endowed with spiritual understanding from an early age. Allah enlightened his heart and mind gave him wisdom from childhood. Allah the Almighty stated:

وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ رُشْدَهُ مِن قَبْلُ وَكُنَّا بِهِ عَالِمِينَ

"Indeed We bestowed aforetime on Abraham his (portion of) guidance, and We were Well Acquainted with him( as to his Belief in the Oneness of Allah etc). (Ch 21:51)

في طفولته المبكرة أدرك إبراهيم أن أباه يصنع تماثيل غريبة. ذات يوم سأله عمّا يصنعه، فأجابه أنه يصنع تماثيل آلهة. اندهش إبراهيم ورفض الفكرة على الفور. وكان طفلاً، فكان يلعب بتلك التماثيل ويجلس على ظهورها كما يجلس الناس على ظهور الحمير والبغال.

During his early childhood Abraham realized that his father made strange statues. One day, he asked him about what it was he made. His father replied that he made statues of gods. Abraham was astonished and he spontaneously rejected the idea. Being a child he played with such statues sitting on their backs as people sit on the backs of donkeys and mules.

ذات يوم رأى أبوه أنه يركب تمثال مردوخ، فغضب غضبًا شديدًا، وأمره ألا يلعب به مرة أخرى.

One day his father saw him riding the statue of Mardukh and he became furious. He ordered his son not to play with it again.

قال إبراهيم: "ما هذا التمثال يا أبي؟ له أذنان كبيرتان، أكبر من آذاننا." فأجابه أبوه: "هذا مردوخ، إله الآلهة يا بني! وهاتان الأذنان الكبيرتان تدلان على عِلمه العميق." فضحك إبراهيم من ذلك، وكان حينها في السابعة من عمره فقط.

Abraham asked: "What is this statue, father? It has big ears, bigger than ours." His father answered: "It is Mardukh, the god of gods, son! These big ears show his deep knowledge." This made Abraham laugh, he was only seven years old at that time.

مرّت السنوات وكبر إبراهيم. ومنذ طفولته امتلأ قلبه بالكراهية لهذه الأصنام. لم يكن يستطيع أن يفهم كيف يصنع شخصٌ عاقلٌ تمثالاً ثم يعبد ما صنعه بيده. لاحظ أن هذه الأصنام لا تأكل ولا تشرب ولا تتكلم، بل لا تستطيع حتى أن تعتدل إن قلبها أحدٌ على وجهها. فكيف إذن يصدّق الناس أن مثل هذه التماثيل تضرّهم أو تنفعهم؟ وكان لدى قوم إبراهيم معبدٌ كبيرٌ مليءٌ بالأصنام، وفي وسطه كوّةٌ تضمّ أكبر الآلهة، وهي من أنواع وصفات وأشكال مختلفة. وكان إبراهيم، الذي كان يذهب إلى المعبد مع أبيه وهو صغير، يحتقر كلّ ذلك الخشب والحجر احتقاراً شديداً. ومما كان يدهشه طريقةُ تصرّف قومه عند دخولهم المعبد؛ إذ كانوا يركعون ويبكون، ويتضرعون إلى آلهتهم ويستغيثون بها طالبين العون، كأنّ الأصنام تسمع هذه الطلبات أو تفهمها! في البداية بدا له ذلك المنظر مضحكاً، ولكنه أخذ بعد ذلك يشعر بالغضب. أليس عجيباً أن يُخدع كلّ أولئك الناس؟ وزاد المشكلةَ أن أباه كان يريده أن يصير كاهناً حين يكبر. لم يكن يريد من ابنه شيئاً أكثر من أن يُجلّ تلك التماثيل، ومع ذلك لم يكفّ إبراهيم عن إظهار كراهيته لها واحتقاره إياها.

Years passed and Abraham grew. Since his childhood his heart had been full of hatred for these idols. He could not understand how a sane person could make a statue and then worship what he had made. He noticed that these idols did not eat, drink or talk and they could not even turn themselves right side up if someone turned them upside down. How, then could people believe that such statues could harm or benefit them? Abraham 's people had a big temple full of idols, in the middle of which was a niche accommodating the biggest gods which was of different kinds, qualities and shapes. Abraham, who used to go to the temple with his father when he was a child, greatly despised all that wood and stone. What surprised him was the way his people behaved when they entered the temple; they bowed and started to cry, begging and imploring their gods for help as if the idols could hear or understand these requests! At first, such a sight seemed funny to Abraham, but later he began to feel angry. Was it not astonishing that all those people could be deceived? What added to the problem was that his father wanted him to be a priest when he was grown. He wanted nothing more from his son that that he revere those statues, yet Abraham never stopped displaying his hatred and disdain of them.

إبراهيم عليه السلام خاطب قومه الذين كانوا يعبدون الأجرام السماوية بما أوحى الله تعالى إليه

Abraham, addressed his people who worshipped celestial bodies as Almighty Allah revealed:

وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُرِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ مَلَكُوتَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلِيَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُوقِنِينَ. فَلَمَّا جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلُ رَأَىٰ كَوْكَبًا ۖ قَالَ هَٰذَا رَبِّي ۖ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَ قَالَ لَا أُحِبُّ الْآفِلِينَ. فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْقَمَرَ بَازِغًا قَالَ هَٰذَا رَبِّي ۖ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَ قَالَ لَئِن لَّمْ يَهْدِنِي رَبِّي لَأَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الضَّالِّينَ. فَلَمَّا رَأَى الشَّمْسَ بَازِغَةً قَالَ هَٰذَا رَبِّي هَٰذَا أَكْبَرُ ۖ فَلَمَّا أَفَلَتْ قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِّمَّا تُشْرِكُونَ. إِنِّي وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِي فَطَرَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ حَنِيفًا ۖ وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ. وَحَاجَّهُ قَوْمُهُ ۚ قَالَ أَتُحَاجُّونِّي فِي اللَّهِ وَقَدْ هَدَانِ ۚ وَلَا أَخَافُ مَا تُشْرِكُونَ بِهِ إِلَّا أَن يَشَاءَ رَبِّي شَيْئًا ۚ وَسِعَ رَبِّي كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا ۗ أَفَلَا تَتَذَكَّرُونَ.

"Thus did We show Abraham the kingdom of the heavens and the earth that he be one of those who have Faith and certainty. When the night covered him over with darkness he saw a star. He said: "This is my lord." But when it set, he said: "I like not that those who set." When he saw the moon rising up he said: "This is my lord." but when it set he said: "Unless my Lord guides me, I shall surely be among the erring people." When he saw the sun rising up he said: "This is my lord, This is greater." But when it set, he said: "O my people! I am indeed free from all that you join as partners in worship with Allah. Verily, I have turned my face towards Him Who has created the heavens and the earth Hanifan (Islamic Monotheism, i.e. worshipping none but Allah Alone) and I am not of the Al Mushrikeen (those who worship others besides Allah)." His people disputed with him. He said: "Do you dispute with me concerning Allah while HE has guided me and I fear not those whom you associate with Allah in worship. (Nothing can happen to me) except when my Lord (Allah) wills something. My Lord comprehends in His Knowledge all things. Will you not then remember?

{وَكَيْفَ أَخَافُ مَا أَشْرَكْتُمْ وَلَا تَخَافُونَ أَنَّكُمْ أَشْرَكْتُم بِاللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ عَلَيْكُمْ سُلْطَانًا ۖ فَأَيُّ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ أَحَقُّ بِالْأَمْنِ ۖ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ * الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُم بِظُلْمٍ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمُ الْأَمْنُ وَهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ * وَتِلْكَ حُجَّتُنَا آتَيْنَاهَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ ۚ نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتٍ مَّن نَّشَاءُ ۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ} (الأنعام: 75-83)

"And how should I fear those whom you associate in worship with Allah (though they can neither benefit nor harm), while you fear not that you have joined in worship with Allah things for which HE has not sent down to you any authority. So which of the two parties has more right to be in security? If you but know." It is those who believe (in the Oneness of Allah and worship none but Him Alone) and confuse not their belief with Zulm (wrong, i.e. by worshipping others besides Allah), for them only there is security and they are the guided. And that was Our proof which We gave Abraham against his people. We raise whom We will in degrees. Certainly your Lord is All Wise, All Knowing. (Ch 6:75-83 Quran).

في تلك المناظرة، بيّن إبراهيم لقومه أن هذه الأجرام السماوية لا تصلح أن تكون آلهة، ولا يجوز أن تُعبد شريكةً لله تعالى. فإن هذه الأجرام مخلوقات مصنوعة، مدبَّرة ومسخَّرة، تظهر أحيانًا وتغيب أحيانًا، فتخرج عن أعيننا. أما الله تعالى فلا يغيب عنه شيء، ولا يخفى عليه شيء، وهو الباقي الذي لا يزول ولا يغيب. لا إله إلا الله.

In that debate, Abraham clarified to his people that these celestial bodies do not serve as deities and cannot be worshipped as partners with Allah the Almighty. Indeed these bodies are created things, fashioned, controlled, managed and made to serve. They appear sometimes and disappear at others, going out of sight from our world. However, Allah the Almighty does not lose sight of anything, and nothing can be hidden from Him. He is without end, everlasting without disappearance. There is no other deity but Allah.

أوضح إبراهيم لهم أولًا أن الكواكب لا تستحق العبادة، وثانيًا أنها من آيات الله. وقد أمر الله تعالى قائلًا:

Abraham made clear to them, first that the celestial bodies are unworthy of worship and second that they are among the signs of Allah. Almighty Allah commanded:

وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ اللَّيْلُ وَالنَّهَارُ وَالشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ ۚ لَا تَسْجُدُوا لِلشَّمْسِ وَلَا لِلْقَمَرِ وَاسْجُدُوا لِلَّهِ الَّذِي خَلَقَهُنَّ إِن كُنتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ

"And from among His Signs are the night and the day, and the sun and the moon. Prostrate not to the sun nor to the moon, but prostrate to Allah Who created them if you really worship Him.

(الفصل 41:37)

(Ch 41:37)

وأسهم استدلال إبراهيم في إظهار الحق، ثم بدأ الصراع بينه وبين قومه، فلم يقف عبّاد النجوم والكواكب صامتين، بل أخذوا يجادلونه ويهددونه.

Abraham's reasoning helped to reveal the truth, and then the conflict between him and his people began for the worshippers of the stars and planets did not stand mute. they began arguing and threatening Abraham.

قال إبراهيم:

Abraham replied:

أَتُحَاجُّونِّي فِي اللَّهِ وَقَدْ هَدَانِ ۖ وَلَا أَخَافُ مَا تُشْرِكُونَ بِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبِّي شَيْئًا ۚ

"Do you dispute with me concerning Allah while HE has guided me, and I fear not those whom you associate with Allah in worship. (Nothing can happen to me except when my Lord (Allah)

يشاء شيئًا. يَسَعُ رَبِّي كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا، أَفَلَا تَتَذَكَّرُونَ؟ وَكَيْفَ أَخَافُ مَا أَشْرَكْتُمْ وَلَا تَخَافُونَ أَنَّكُمْ أَشْرَكْتُم بِاللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ عَلَيْكُمْ سُلْطَانًا، فَأَيُّ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ أَحَقُّ بِالْأَمْنِ إِنْ كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ؟ ﴿الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمُ الْأَمْنُ وَهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ﴾ (سورة الأنعام: 80-82)

wills something. My Lord comprehends in His Knowledge all things. Will you not then remember? How should I fear those whom you associate in worship with Allah (though they can neither benefit or harm), while you fear not that you have joined in worship with Allah things for which He has not sent down to you any authority. SO which of the two parties has more rights to be in security? .....if you but know! It is those who believe (in the oneness of Allah and worship none but HiAlone) and confuse not their belief with Zulm (wrong by worshipping others besides Allah), for them only there is security and they are the guided." (Ch 6:80-82)

أُسدِلَت الستائر على الصنف الأول من الناس، أولئك الذين كانوا يعبدون الأجرام السماوية. ثم يكشف الموقف التالي عن الصنف الثاني، أولئك الذين كانوا يمارسون الشرك بعبادة الأصنام. وقد آتى الله إبراهيم (عليه السلام) الحجة التي يحتاجها في المرة الأولى وفي كل مرة جادل فيها قومه. قال الله سبحانه وتعالى:

The curtains are drawn on the first category of the people, those who were worshipping celestial bodies. the next situation reveals the second group, those who were practicing idolatry. Allah gave Abraham (pbuh) the reasoning he needed the first time and every time he argued with his people. Almighty Allah declared:

وَتِلْكَ حُجَّتُنَا آتَيْنَاهَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ ۚ نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتٍ مَّن نَّشَاءُ ۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ [سورۃ الأنعام: ٨٣]

"And that was Our Proof which We gave Abraham against his people. We raised whom We will in degrees. Certainly your Lord is All Wise, All Knowing. (Ch 6:83)

كان إبراهيم يبذل قصارى جهده ليحمل قومه على الإيمان بوحدانية الله تعالى وعلى عبادته وحده. وكان يأمرهم بالتبرؤ التام من عبادة الأصنام. فقال لأبيه وقومه:

Abraham did his best to make his people heedful to the belief in the oneness of Almighty Allah and to the worship of Him alone. He bade them to firmly renounce the worship of idols. HE said to his father and his people:

"ما هذه التماثيل التي أنتم لها عاكفون؟" قالوا: "وجدنا آباءنا لها عابدين." قال: "لقد كنتم أنتم وآباؤكم في ضلال مبين." قالوا: "أجئتنا بالحق أم أنت من اللاعبين؟" قال: "بل ربكم رب السماوات والأرض الذي فطرهن، وأنا على ذلك من الشاهدين." (سورة الأنبياء: 52-56)

"What are these images, to which you are devoted?" they said: "We found our fathers worshipping them." He said: "Indeed you and your fathers have been in manifest error." They said: "Have you brought us the truth, or are you one of those who play about?" He said: "Nay, your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, Who created them and of that I am of the witnesses." (Ch 21:52-56)

وانتهى كل شيء بين إبراهيم وقومه، وبدأ الصراع. وكان أشدهم دهشةً وغضبًا أبوه (أو عمُّه الذي كفله)، فهو، كما هو معروف، لم يكن يعبد الأصنام فحسب، بل كان ينحتها ويبيعها أيضًا. وقد رأى إبراهيم أن من واجبه، بوصفه ابنًا بارًّا، أن ينصح أباه ويحذّره من هذا الشرك، حتى ينجو من عذاب الله.

All was finished between Abraham and his people and the struggle began. the most amazed and furious was his father (or his uncle who had raised him), for as it is well known, he not only worshipped idols but sculpted and sold them as well. Abraham felt that it was his duty as a good son to advise his father against this evil so that he could be saved from Allah's punishment.

وكان ابنٌ حكيمٌ لا يُشعر أباه بالحماقة، ولا يضحك علنًا على تصرفه.

Being a wise son he did not make his father feel foolish, nor did he openly laugh at his conduct.

قال له إنه يحبه، راجياً بذلك أن يولّد فيه عاطفة الأبوة. ثم سأله برفق لماذا يعبد أصناماً جامدة لا تسمع ولا تبصر ولا تدفع عنه شيئاً. وقبل أن يغضب أبوه أسرع فأضاف:

He told him that he loved him, thereby hoping to generate fatherly love. Then he gently asked him why he worshipped lifeless idols who could not hear, see or protect him. before his father could become angry he hastily added:

يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي قَدْ جَاءَنِي مِنَ الْعِلْمِ مَا لَمْ يَأْتِكَ فَاتَّبِعْنِي أَهْدِكَ صِرَاطًا سَوِيًّا۔ يَا أَبَتِ لَا تَعْبُدِ الشَّيْطَانَ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ كَانَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ عَصِيًّا۔ يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَمَسَّكَ عَذَابٌ مِنَ الرَّحْمَٰنِ فَتَكُونَ لِلشَّيْطَانِ وَلِيًّا۔ قَالَ أَرَاغِبٌ أَنْتَ عَنْ آلِهَتِي يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ ۖ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهِ لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ ۖ وَاهْجُرْنِي مَلِيًّا۔ قَالَ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ ۖ سَأَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكَ رَبِّي ۖ إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِي حَفِيًّا۔ وَأَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَمَا تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَأَدْعُو رَبِّي عَسَىٰ أَلَّا أَكُونَ بِدُعَاءِ رَبِّي شَقِيًّا۔ [سورۃ مريم: 43-48]

"O my father! Verily! There has come to me of knowledge that which came not unto you. So follow me. I will guide you to a Straight Path. O my father! Worship not Satan. Verily! Stan has been a rebel against the Most Beneficent (Allah). O my father! Verily! I fear lest a torment from the Most Beneficent (Allah) overtake you as that you become a companion of Satan (in the Hellfire)." He (the father) said: "Do you reject my gods, O Abraham? If you stop not this, I will indeed stone you. So get away from me safely before I punish you." Abraham said: "Peace be on you! I will ask Forgiveness of my Lord for you. Verily! He is unto me, Ever Most Gracious. And I shall turn away from you and from those whom you invoke besides Allah." (Ch 19:43-48)

لم يمنع سوءُ معاملة أبيه إبراهيمَ من تبليغ رسالة الحق. كان غاضبًا حزينًا حين رأى الناس يسجدون للأصنام، فعزم على القضاء على هذه الممارسات، وذهب إلى البلدة ليجادل أهلها، وهو يعلم علم اليقين أنه قد يتعرض للأذى.

His father's harsh treatment did not stop Abraham from delivering the message of truth. Angry and sad to see people prostate before idols, he was determined to stamp out these practices and went to the town to debate with the people knowing full well that he might suffer harm.

كَالطَّبِيبِ الْحَكِيمِ الَّذِي يَبْحَثُ عَنْ سَبَبِ الْمَرَضِ لِيَصِفَ الدَّوَاءَ الْمُنَاسِبَ، أَوِ الْقَاضِي الَّذِي يَسْتَجْوِبُ الْمُتَّهَمَ بِشِدَّةٍ لِيَكْشِفَ الْحَقِيقَةَ. سَأَلَهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ: "هَلْ يَسْمَعُونَكُمْ إِذَا تَدْعُونَ، أَوْ يَنْفَعُونَكُمْ أَوْ يَضُرُّونَ؟". فَسَارَعُوا إِلَى الدِّفَاعِ عَنْ مُعْتَقَدَاتِهِمْ، فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ الأَصْنَامَ جَمَادٌ لا تَضُرُّ وَلا تَنْفَعُ، وَلَكِنَّ آبَاءَهُمْ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَهَا، وَكَفَاهُمْ ذَلِكَ دَلِيلًا عَلَى مُعْتَقَدِهِمْ.

Like a wise doctor searching for the cause of a sickness so as to prescribe the proper cure, or like a judge who questioned the accused sharply so that he mighty detect the truth. Abraham asked them: "Do the idols see you when you prostrate before them? Do they benefit you in any way." They quickly tried to defend their beliefs. They argued that they knew the idols were lifeless but that their forefathers had worshipped them; to them this was proof enough for their belief.

قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِنَّ آبَاءَكُمْ كَانُوا عَلَى ضَلَالٍ، فَغَضِبُوا وَرَدُّوا قَائِلِينَ:

Abraham explained that their forefathers had been wrong. This angered them and they retorted:

"أَتَجْعَلُنَا آلِهَتَنَا وَآبَاءَنَا أَتَبْكِي؟ أَمْ أَنْتَ مِنَ اللَّاعِبِينَ؟" قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ دُونَ أَنْ يُظْهِرَ أَيَّ خَوْفٍ: "بَلْ أَنَا جَادٌّ. قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِالدِّينِ الْحَقِّ. لَقَدْ أُرْسِلْتُ بِالْهِدَايَةِ مِنْ رَبِّي الَّذِي لَا يَسْتَحِقُّ الْعِبَادَةَ سِوَاهُ، وَهُوَ خَالِقُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ، وَمُدَبِّرُ جَمِيعِ شُؤُونِ الْحَيَاةِ، خِلَافًا لِلْأَصْنَامِ الصَّمَّاءِ الَّتِي هِيَ مُجَرَّدُ حَجَرٍ وَخَشَبٍ." وَلِيُقْنِعَهُمْ بِأَنَّ الْأَصْنَامَ لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَضُرَّهُ، تَحَدَّاهُمْ قَائِلًا: "لَقَدْ حَكَمْتُ عَلَيْهَا بِالْبُطْلَانِ؛ فَلَوْ كَانَ لَهَا أَيُّ قُدْرَةٍ لَأَضَرَّتْنِي الْآنَ!"

"Are you condemning our gods and our forefathers? Or are you just joking?" Abraham showed no fear as he replied: "I am serious. I come to you with a true religion. I have been sent with guidance from our Lord Who alone is worthy of worship, Who is the Creator of the heavens and the earth, and Who regulates all affairs of life, unlike the dumb idols which are just stone and wood." To convince them that the idols could not harm him, he challenged: "I have already condemned them; of they had any power they would have harmed me by now!"

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:

Almighty Allah recounted:

واتْلُ عليهم نبأَ إبراهيمَ، إذ قال لأبيه وقومِه: "ما تعبدون؟" قالوا: "نعبدُ أصناماً فنظلُّ لها عاكفين." قال: "هل يسمعونكم إذ تدعون؟ أو ينفعونكم أو يضرّون؟" قالوا: "بل وجدنا آباءنا كذلك يفعلون." قال: "أفرأيتم ما كنتم تعبدون، أنتم وآباؤكم الأقدمون؟

"Recite to them the story of Abraham. When he said to his father and his people. "What do you worship?" They said: "We worship idols, and to them we are ever devoted." He said: "Do they hear you when you call on them? OR do they benefit you or do they harm you?" They said: "Nay but we found our father doing so." He said: "Do you observe that which you been worshipping, You and your ancient fathers?

إِنَّهُمْ عَدُوٌّ لِي إِلَّا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ، الَّذِي خَلَقَنِي فَهُوَ يَهْدِينِ، وَالَّذِي هُوَ يُطْعِمُنِي وَيَسْقِينِ، وَإِذَا مَرِضْتُ فَهُوَ يَشْفِينِ، وَالَّذِي يُمِيتُنِي ثُمَّ يُحْيِينِ، وَالَّذِي أَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لِي خَطِيئَتِي يَوْمَ الدِّينِ. (الشعراء: ٦٩-٨٢)

Verily! They are enemies to me, save the Lord of the Alamin (mankind, jinn and all that exists); Who has created me and it is HE Who guides me and it is HE Who feeds me and gives me to drink. And when I am ill, it is He who cures me; and Who will cause me to die and then will bring me to life again and Who I hope will forgive me my faults on the Day of Resurrection." (Ch 26:69-82 Quran).

وَأَنزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَىٰ فِي سُورَةٍ أُخْرَىٰ:

In another surah The Almighty revealed:

وَاذْكُرْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ: ﴿اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاتَّقُوهُ ۖ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ * إِنَّمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْثَانًا وَتَخْلُقُونَ إِفْكًا ۚ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ لَكُمْ رِزْقًا فَابْتَغُوا عِندَ اللَّهِ الرِّزْقَ وَاعْبُدُوهُ وَاشْكُرُوا لَهُ ۖ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ * وَإِن تُكَذِّبُوا فَقَدْ كَذَّبَ أُمَمٌ مِّن قَبْلِكُمْ ۖ وَمَا عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ﴾. أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا كَيْفَ يُبْدِئُ اللَّهُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ.

"And remember Abraham when he said to his people: "Worship Allah Alone and fear Him that is better for you if you did but know. You worship besides Allah only idols and you only invent falsehood. Verily, those whom you worship beside Allah have no power to give you provision, so seek your provision from Allah Alone, you will be brought back. And if you deny then nations before you have denied their Messengers. the duty of the Messenger is only to convey the Message plainly." See they not how Allah originates creation, then will repent it. Verily, that is easy for Allah.

قُلْ سِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَانظُرُوا كَيْفَ بَدَأَ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ اللَّهُ يُنشِئُ النَّشْأَةَ الْآخِرَةَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ. يُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَاءُ وَيَرْحَمُ مَن يَشَاءُ وَإِلَيْهِ تُقْلَبُونَ. وَمَا أَنتُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ. وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَلِقَائِهِ أُولَٰئِكَ يَئِسُوا مِن رَّحْمَتِي وَأُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ. [سورة العنكبوت: 20-23]

Say: "Travel in the land and see how Allah originated creation and then Allah will bring forth (resurrect) the creation of the Hereafter (i.e. resurrection after death) verily, Allah is Able to do all things." He punishes whom HE wills and shows mercy to whom He wills, and to Him you will be returned. And you cannot escape in the earth or in the heaven. And besides Allah you have neither any Wali (Protector, or guardian) nor any Helper. And those who disbelieve in the Ayat (proofs, lessons, signs, evidences, verses, revelations etc) of Allah and the Meeting with Him, it is they who have no hope of My Mercy, and it is they who will have a painful torment. (CH 22:16-23 Quran)

فَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ جَمَالَ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ وَقُدْرَتَهُ وَحِكْمَتَهُ. وَإِنَّ عِبَادَةَ الأَصْنَامِ مَمْقُوتَةٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ الإِنْسَانَ وَهَدَاهُ، وَرَزَقَهُ الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ، وَشَفَاهُ إِذَا مَرِضَ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُمِيتُهُ ثُمَّ يُحْيِيهِ. وَإِيَّاهُ دَعَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَغْفِرُ لَهُ خَطَايَاهُ يَوْمَ الدِّينِ. وَمَعَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَتْرُكُوا عِبَادَةَ الأَصْنَامِ، بَلْ تَمَسَّكُوا بِهَا تَمَسُّكًا شَدِيدًا. فَفَارَقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَيْتَ أَبِيهِ، وَتَرَكَ قَوْمَهُ وَمَا يَعْبُدُونَ. وَعَزَمَ عَلَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ شَيْئًا تِجَاهَ حَالِهِمُ الكُفْرِيَّةِ، لَكِنَّهُ لَمْ يُفْصِحْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ. وَقَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ احْتِفَالًا عَظِيمًا سَيُقَامُ عَلَى الضِّفَّةِ الأُخْرَى مِنَ النَّهْرِ، وَسَيَحْضُرُهُ النَّاسُ جَمِيعًا.

He explained to them the beauty of Allah's creation, His power and wisdom. Idol worship is detested by Allah for Allah is the Lord of the universe Who created mankind, guided him and provided him with food and drink and cured him when he was sick and Who will cause him to die and be raised up again. iT was He to Whom Abraham prayed and Who would forgive his sins on the Day of Judgment. However, they would not give up but clung fast to idolatry. Abraham left his father's house and abandoned his people and what they worshipped. He decide to do something about their state of disbelief, but did not reveal it. He knew that there was going to be a great celebration on the other bank of the river which would be attended by all the people.

انتظر إبراهيم حتى خلت المدينة، ثم خرج بحذر متجهًا نحو المعبد. كانت الشوارع المؤدية إليه خالية، وكان المعبد نفسه مهجورًا، فقد ذهب الكهنة أيضًا إلى الاحتفال خارج المدينة. ذهب إبراهيم إلى هناك وهو يحمل فأسًا حادة. نظر إلى تماثيل الآلهة الحجرية والخشبية، وإلى الطعام الموضوع أمامها قرابين. اقترب من أحد التماثيل وسأله: "إن الطعام الذي أمامك يبرد، فلماذا لا تأكل؟" ظل التمثال صامتًا جامدًا. وسأل إبراهيم جميع التماثيل الأخرى التي حوله:

Abraham waited until the city was empty, then came out cautiously, directing his steps towards the temple. the streets leading to it were empty and the temple itself was deserted for the priests had also gone to the festival outside the city. Abraham went there carrying a sharp axe. He looked at the stone and wood statues of the gods and at the food laid in front of them as offerings. He approached one of the statues and asked: "The food in front of you is getting cold. Why don't you eat?" the statue kept silent and rigid. Abraham asked all the other statues around him:

"أَلَا تَأْكُلُونَ"؟ (الصافات: ٩١)

"Will you not eat of the offering before you?" (Ch 37:91)

كان يسخر منهم لأنه كان يعلم أنهم لن يأكلوا. فسألهم مرة أخرى:

He was mocking them for he knew they would not eat. He once again asked then:

{مَا لَكُمْ لَا تَنْطِقُونَ} (الصافات: ٩٢)

"What is the matter with you that you do not speak?" (Ch 37:92)

ثم رفع فأسه وبدأ يحطم الآلهة المزيفة التي كان الناس يعبدونها. حطمها كلها إلا واحدًا، وعلّق الفأس على عنقه. وبعد ذلك هدأ غضبه وشعر بالطمأنينة. ثم خرج من المعبد. كان قد أوفى بنذره في أن يُري قومه دليلًا عمليًا على سفاهتهم في عبادة غير الله.

He then raised his axe and started smashing the false gods worshipped by the people. He destroyed them all except one on whose neck he hung the axe. After this his anger subsides and he felt at peace. He left the temple. He had fulfilled his vow to show his people a practical proof of their foolishness in worshipping something other than Allah.

لَمَّا رَجَعَ النَّاسُ، صُدِمُوا حِينَ رَأَوْا آلِهَتَهُمْ مُحَطَّمَةً إِلَى قِطَعٍ، مُبَعْثَرَةً فِي أَنْحَاءِ المَعْبَدِ. فَأَخَذُوا يُخَمِّنُونَ مَنِ الَّذِي فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِأَصْنَامِهِمْ، فَخَطَرَ بِبَالِهِمُ اسْمُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.

When the people returned, they were shocked to see their gods smashed to pieces, lying scattered all over the temple. They began to guess who had done that to their idols and Abraham's name came to their minds.

قال اللہ تعالیٰ: قالوا:

Allah the Almighty said: they said:

"مَن فَعَلَ هَذَا بِآلِهَتِنَا إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ"، قَالُوا:

"Who has done this to our aliah (gods)? He must indeed be one of the wrongdoers." They said:

"سَمِعْنَا فَتًى يَذْكُرُهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ"، قَالُوا: "فَأْتُوا بِهِ عَلَىٰ أَعْيُنِ النَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْهَدُونَ". قَالُوا: "أَأَنْتَ فَعَلْتَ هَٰذَا بِآلِهَتِنَا يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ؟" قَالَ: "بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هَٰذَا"

"We heard a young man talking against them who is called Abraham." They said: "Then bring him before the eyes of the people, that they may testify." they said: "Are you the one who has done this to our gods, O Abraham?" Abraham said: "nay, this one, the biggest of them (idols)

قَالَ بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هَٰذَا فَاسْأَلُوهُمْ إِن كَانُوا يَنطِقُونَ۔ فَرَجَعُوا إِلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِمْ فَقَالُوا إِنَّكُمْ أَنتُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ۔ ثُمَّ نُكِسُوا عَلَىٰ رُءُوسِهِمْ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا هَٰؤُلَاءِ يَنطِقُونَ۔ قَالَ أَفَتَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنفَعُكُمْ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَضُرُّكُمْ۔ أُفٍّ لَّكُمْ وَلِمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ ۖ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ۔

did it, Ask them, if they can speak!"So they turned to themselves and said: "Verily you are the Zalimun (polytheists, and wrongdoers)." Then they turned to themselves (their first thought and said): "Indeed you (Abraham) know well that these idols speak not?" Abraham said: "DO you then worship besides Allah, things that can neither profit you nor harm you? If upon you, and upon that which you worship besides Allah! Have you then no sense?" (Ch 21:59-67 Quran)

غاضبين، طالبوا بالقبض على إبراهيم ومحاكمته. ولم يقاوم إبراهيم، إذ كان هذا بالضبط ما كان يسعى إليه، حتى يُظهر لهم أمام الناس سخافة معتقداتهم. وفي المحاكمة سألوه إن كان هو المسؤول عن تكسير الأصنام. فابتسم وقال لهم: اسألوا الصنم الكبير الذي ما زال سليمًا! وقال لهم إنه لا بد أن يكون هو الفاعل! فأجابوه بأنه يعلم جيدًا أن الصنم لا يتكلم ولا يتحرك، فكانت هذه فرصة لإبراهيم ليُثبت سخافة عبادة هذه الأشياء الجامدة.

Furious, they demanded that Abraham be arrested and tried. Abraham did not resist. this was precisely what he had been aiming for, so that he could show them up in public for their foolish beliefs. At the trial they asked him if he was responsible for breaking the idols. Smiling, he told them to ask the biggest idol which was still whole. He told them that he must be the culprit! They replied that he knew well that the idol could not speak or move which gave Abraham the chance to prove the foolishness of worshipping these lifeless objects.

ثم أدركوا عبثية معتقداتهم، ولكن كبرهم لم يسمح لهم بالاعتراف بحماقتهم. ولم يكن أمامهم إلا أن يستخدموا سلطتهم كما يفعل الطغاة عادةً لمعاقبة إبراهيم. فأبقوه مقيّدًا بالسلاسل، ودبّروا انتقامهم.

They then realized the senselessness of their beliefs; however, their arrogance would not allow them to admit their foolishness. All they could do was to use their power of authority as tyrants usually do to punish Abraham. They kept him in chains and planned their revenge.

اشتعلَ الغضبُ في قلوبهم، فقرّروا أن يلقوا إبراهيمَ في أكبرِ نارٍ يستطيعون إشعالها. وأُمِرَ جميعُ أهلِ المدينةِ بجمعِ الحطبِ قربةً إلى آلهتهم. ونذرتِ النساءُ الجاهلاتُ المريضاتُ أنّهنّ إن شُفين فسيتبرعن بكميةٍ كبيرةٍ من الحطبِ لإحراقِ إبراهيمَ. ومكثوا عدةَ أيامٍ يجمعون الوقود. وحفروا حفرةً عميقةً، وملأوها بالحطبِ، ثم أشعلوها. وأحضروا منجنيقًا ليقذفوا به إبراهيمَ في النار. فوُضِعَ إبراهيمُ على المنجنيقِ، وقُيِّدت يداه ورجلاه. وأصبحت النارُ جاهزةً ولهيبُها يبلغُ عنانَ السماء. ووقف الناسُ بعيدًا عن الحفرةِ من شدةِ الحرارة. ثم أصدر كبيرُ الكهنةِ أمرَه بإلقاءِ إبراهيمَ في النار.

Anger was burning in their hearts. They decided to throw Abraham into the biggest fire they could build. All the citizens were ordered to gather wood as a service to their gods. Ignorant, sick women vowed that if they were cured they would donate so much wood to burn Abraham. For several days they collected fuel. They dug a deep pit, filled it with firewood and ignited it. They brought a catapult with which to cast Abraham into the fire. Abraham was put on the catapult, his hands and feet were tied. The fire was ready with its flame reaching the sky. The people stood away from the pit because of the great heat. Then the chief priest gave his order to cast Abraham into the fire.

جاء جبريل إلى رأس إبراهيم فقال له: "يا إبراهيم، هل تريد شيئاً؟" فقال إبراهيم: "لا شيء منك." ثم أُطلقت المنجنيق، وأُلقي إبراهيم في النار. لكن نزوله في اللهب كان كنزول على درجات في بستان بارد الظلال. كانت النار موجودة، لكنها لم تحرقه، لأن الله تعالى قد أصدر أمره:

The angel Gabriel came near Abraham's head and asked him: "O Abraham do you wish for anything?" Abraham replied: "Nothing from you." The catapult was shot and Abraham was cast into the fire. But his descent into the blaze was as descent on steps in a cool garden. The flames were still there, but they did not burn for Allah the Almighty had issued His command:

{يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا عَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ}

"O fire! Be you coolness and safety for Abraham." (Ch 21:69 Quran)

فاستسلمت النار لأمر الله، فصارت بردًا وسلامًا على إبراهيم، ولم تحرق منه إلا وثاقه، فجلس في وسط النار كأنه جالس في روضة. فسبّح الله تعالى وحمده، وقلبه لا يحتوي إلا على حبه لله. لم يكن فيه أي فراغ للخوف أو الهيبة أو القلق، بل كان ممتلئًا بالحب وحده.

The fire submitted to the will of Allah, becoming cool and safe for Abraham. It only burned his bonds, and he sat in the midst of the fire as if he were sitting in a garden. He glorified and praised Allah the Almighty, with a heart that contained only his love for Allah. There was not any vacant space therein for fear, awe, or worry. It was filled with love only.

ماتَ الخوفُ والهيبةُ، وانقلبتِ النارُ بَرْدًا، فصارَ الهواءُ لطيفًا. وأولئكَ الذين يُحبّونَ اللهَ كما أحبّهُ إبراهيمُ لم يَخافوا.

Fear and awe were dead, and the fire was turned into coolness, making the air pleasant. Those who love Allah as Abraham do did not fear.

قال الله تعالى:

Allah declared:

الَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ النَّاسُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَقَالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ ﴿١٧٣﴾ فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَفَضْلٍ لَّمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَاتَّبَعُوا رِضْوَانَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٍ ﴿١٧٤﴾ إِنَّمَا ذَٰلِكُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمْ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ ﴿١٧٥﴾

"Those (believers) unto whom the people (hypocrites) said: "Verily! the people (pagans) have gathered against you (a great army), therefore, fear them." but it only increased them in Faith, and they said: Allah Alone is Sufficient for us, and He is the Best Disposer of affairs for us." So they returned with Grace and Bounty from Allah. No harm touched them; and they followed the good Pleasure of Allah. Allah is the Owner of Great bounty. It is only Satan that suggests to you the fear of his Auliya (supporters and friends, polytheists, disbeliveers in the Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger Muhammad) so fear them not but fear Me if you are true believers." (Ch 3:173-175 Quran)

وقف الجمهور والرؤساء والكهنة يشاهدون النار من بعيد، وكانت تلفح وجوههم وتكاد تخنقهم. ظلت تشتعل زمنًا طويلًا حتى ظنّ الكافرون أنها لن تنطفئ أبدًا. ولما خمدت، دُهشوا دهشة عظيمة إذ رأوا إبراهيم يخرج من الحفرة سالمًا لم تمسسه النار. كانت وجوههم سوداء من الدخان، أما وجهه فكان مشرقًا بنور الله وفضله. لقد صارت النار الملتهبة بردًا وسلامًا على إبراهيم، ولم تُحرق إلا الحبال التي كانت تربطه. خرج من النار كأنه يخرج من بستان، وارتفعت صيحات الدهشة من الوثنيين.

The throng, the chiefs, and the priests sad watching the fire from a distance. It was burning their faces and nearly suffocating them. It kept burning for such a long time that the disbeliveers thought it would never be extinguished. When it did burn out, they were greatly amazed to find Abraham coming out of the pit untouched by the fire. Their faces were black from the smoke, but his was bright with the light and grace of Allah. The raging fire had become cool for Abraham and had only charred the ropes which held him. He walked out of the fire as if he were walking out of a garden. Cries of astonishment were heard from the heathens.

فَأَرَادُوا بِهِ كَيْدًا فَجَعَلْنَاهُمُ الْأَخْسَرِينَ. (21:70)

"They wanted to harm him, but We made them the worst losers. (Ch 21:70)

هذه المعجزة أخزت الطغاة، لكنها لم تُطفئ نار الغضب في قلوبهم. ومع ذلك، آمن بعد هذا الحدث كثير من الناس بإبراهيم، وإن كان بعضهم قد كتم إيمانه خشية الأذى أو القتل على أيدي الحكام.

This miracle shamed the tyrants, but it did not cool the flame of anger in their hearts. However after his event many of the people followed Abraham, although some kept their belief a secret for fear of harm or death at the hands of the rulers.

كان لإبراهيم حجةٌ قاطعةٌ على عبدة الأوثان. ولم يبقَ له شيءٌ إلا أن يحاجّ الذين ادّعوا لأنفسهم الألوهية.

Abraham had established a definite reasoning against idolaters. Nothing was left for him except to reason against the people who proclaimed themselves gods.

لَمَّا سَمِعَ الْمَلِكُ نُمْرُودُ بِخُرُوجِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ سَالِمًا مِنَ النَّارِ اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُهُ، إِذْ خَشِيَ أَنْ يُتَحَدَّى مَقَامُ الأُلُوهِيَّةِ الَّذِي ادَّعَاهُ لِنَفْسِهِ بِيَدِ إِنْسَانٍ عَادِيٍّ. فَاسْتَدْعَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِلَى الْقَصْرِ، وَدَارَ بَيْنَهُمَا حِوَارٌ حَكَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى:

When the king, Namrud, heard of Abraham's safe exit from the fire he became very angry. He feared that the status of godhead he had proclaimed for himself was not challenged by an ordinary human being. He summoned Abraham to the palace and held a dialogue with him which Allah Almighty recounted:

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِي حَاجَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي رَبِّهِ أَنْ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ؟ إِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّيَ الَّذِي يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ، قَالَ أَنَا أُحْيِي وَأُمِيتُ. قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ: فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْتِي بِالشَّمْسِ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ فَأْتِ بِهَا مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ، فَبُهِتَ الَّذِي كَفَرَ، وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ.

"Have you not thought about him who disputed with Abraham about his Lord (Allah) because Allah had given him the kingdom? When Abraham said to him: "My Lord (Allah) is He Who gives life and causes death." He said: "I give life and cause death." Abraham said: "Verily, Allah causes the sun to rise from the east; then cause it you to rise from the west." So the disbeliever was utterly defeated. Allah guides not the people who are Zalimeen (wrongdoers etc).

(سورۃ البقرہ: ۲۵۸)

(Ch 2:258 Quran)

اِنتشرت شهرةُ إبراهيمَ في جميعِ أنحاءِ المملكة. وصارَ الناسُ يتحدَّثونَ عن كيفَ نجّاهُ اللهُ من النارِ المتأجِّجةِ، وكيفَ حاجَّ الملكَ فأفحمَه. وفي أثناءِ ذلكَ، واصلَ إبراهيمُ دعوةَ الناسِ إلى الإيمانِ باللهِ، وبذلَ جهدًا عظيمًا لهدايةِ قومِه إلى الطريقِ المستقيمِ، وسلكَ كلَّ سبيلٍ لإقناعِهم. ومع حبِّه وعنايتِه بقومِه، إلّا أنّهم غضبوا منه وتركوه. ولم يؤمنْ بالله من قومِه سوى امرأةٍ واحدةٍ ورجلٍ واحدٍ؛ اسمُ المرأةِ سارةُ، وقد صارت زوجتَه، واسمُ الرجلِ لوطٌ، وقد صارَ نبيًّا.

Abraham's fame spread throughout the entire kingdom. People talked about how he had been saved from the blazing fire and how he had debated with the king and left him speechless. In the meantime, Abraham continued calling people to believe in Allah, exerting a great effort to guide his people to the right path. He tried every means to convince them. However in spite of his love and care for his people, they felt angry and deserted him. Only one woman and one man of his people shared his belief in Allah. The woman's name was Sarah and she became his wife. The man's name was Lot and he became a prophet.

لَمَّا أَدْرَكَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَنَّ أَحَدًا آخَرَ لَنْ يُؤْمِنَ بِدَعْوَتِهِ، قَرَّرَ الْهِجْرَةَ.

When Abraham realized that no one else was going to believe in his call, he decided to emigrate.

غادر قومَه وسافر مع زوجته ولوط إلى مدينة تُسمّى أور، ثم إلى أخرى تُسمّى حرّان، ثم إلى فلسطين.

He left his people and traveled with his wife and Lot to a city called Ur, then another called Haran, and then to Palestine.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى:

Allah the Almighty told us:

فَآمَنَ لَهُ لُوطٌ، وَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ: «إِنِّي مُهَاجِرٌ إِلَىٰ رَبِّي، إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ». (العنكبوت: ٢٦)

" So Lut believed in him (Abraham's message of Islamic Monotheism). He (Abraham) said: "I will emigrate for the sake of my Lord. Verily, He is the All Mighty, the All Wise." (Ch 29:26)

ثم سافر إبراهيم بعد فلسطين إلى مصر، يدعو الناس إلى الإيمان بالله حيثما ارتحل، ويحكم بينهم بالعدل، ويهديهم إلى الحق والصلاح.

After Palestine, Abraham traveled to Egypt, calling people to believe in Allah wherever he traveled, judging fairly between people, and guiding them to truth and righteousness.

عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: «لم يكذب إبراهيم عليه السلام إلا ثلاث كذبات، ثنتين منهن في ذات الله عز وجل: قوله: {إني سقيم} [الصافات: 89]، وقوله: {بل فعله كبيرهم هذا} [الأنبياء: 63]، وواحدة في شأن سارة، فإنه قدم أرض جبار ومعه سارة، وكانت أحسن الناس، فقال لها: إن هذا الجبار إن يعلم أنك امرأتي يغلبني عليك، فإن سألك فأخبريه أنك أختي، فإنك أختي في الإسلام، فإني لا أعلم في الأرض مؤمنا غيري وغيرك». فلما دخل أرض الجبار رآها بعض أهل الجبار، فأتى الجبار فقال له: إن امرأة دخلت أرضك معها من النساء ما فيها من الحسن، فأرسل إليها، فسألها عنه، فقالت: هذا أخي، فقال: أرسلي إليه، فلما جاء قال: من هذه؟ قال: أختي، فقال: ادعي لي أختك، فلما جاءت قال: يا أختي، فقال: إن هذا الفاجر، فقال: أرسلي إليه، فجاءت، فقال: فأي شيء قلت لها؟ فقالت: قلت لها: إن هذا الجبار إن يعلم أنك امرأتي يغلبني عليك، فإن سألك فأخبريه أنك أختي، فإنك أختي في الإسلام، فإني لا أعلم في الأرض مؤمنا غيري وغيرك. فلما دخلت عليه، قام إليها، فأهوى إليها بيده، فأخذت، فغط حتى ركض برجله، فقالت: اللهم إن كنت آمنت بك وبرسولك، وأحصنت فرجي إلا على زوجي، فلا تسلط علي الكافر، فغط حتى ركض برجله، فقالت: اللهم إن يمت يقل: هي قتلته، فأرسل، ثم قام إليها، فقالت: اللهم إن كنت آمنت بك وبرسولك، وأحصنت فرجي إلا على زوجي، فلا تسلط علي الكافر، فغط حتى ركض برجله، فقال: والله ما أرسلتم إلي إلا شيطانا، فأرجعوها إلى إبراهيم، وأعطاها هاجر.

Hadith about Abraham, Sarah and Hajar Abu Hurairah narrated that Abraham (pbuh) did not tell a lie except on three occasions, twice for the sake of Allah (Exalted and Almighty) when he said: "I am sick," (when his people were holding a festival in honor of their gods, Abraham excused himself by saying he was sick. (Ch 37:89 Quran) and when he said: "(I have not done this but) the big idol has done it." The (third was) that while Abraham and Sarah (his wife) were going (on a journey), they passed by (the territory of) a tyrant. Someone said to the tyrant: "This man (Abraham is accompanied by a very charming lady." SO, he sent for Abraham and asked him about Sarah saying "Who is this lady?" Abraham said: "She is my sister." Abraham went to Sarah said "O Sarah! There are no believers on the surface of the earth except you and me. This man asked me about you and I have told him that you are my sister do not contradict my statement." the tyrant then called Sarah, and when she went to him, he tried to take a hold of her with his hand, but his hand got stiff and he was confounded. He asked Sarah: "Pray to Allah for me and I shall not harm you." SO Sarah asked Allah to cure him and he got cured. He tried to take hold of her for the second time, but his hand got as stiff as or stiffer than before and he was more comfounded. He again requested Sarah:

"ادعُ اللهَ لي، ولا أضرُّك." فدعت سارةُ اللهَ، فعاد إلى حاله. ثم دعا أحدَ حُرَّاسه الذي أحضرها، وقال: "لم تأتني بإنسان، بل أتيتني بشيطان." ثم أعطى الطاغيةُ هاجرَ لسارةَ خادمةً. فأشار إبراهيمُ بيده، وسأل: "ما الذي حدث؟" فأجابت: "أبطل اللهُ كيدَ الكافرِ أو الفاجر، وأعطاني هاجرَ للخدمة." ثم خاطب أبو هريرةَ مستمعيه قائلاً: "تلك هاجرُ كانت أمَّكم يا بني ماءِ السماء (عربٌ، وهم ذريةُ إسماعيلَ ابنِ هاجر)."

"Pray to Allah for me, and I will not harm you." Sarah asked Allah to again, and he became all right. He then called one of his guards who had brought her and said: "You have not brought me a human being but have brought me a devil." The tyrant then gave Hajar as a maid servant to Sarah. Abraham, gesturing with his hand, asked: "What has happened?" She replied: "Allah has spoiled the evil plot of the infidel or immoral person and gave me Hajar for service." Abu Hurairah then addressed his listeners saying: "That Hajar was your mother, O Bani Ma is Sama (Arab, the descendants of Ishmael, Hajar's son)."

ابراهيم عاش على الأرض يعبد الله ويدعو الناس إلى التوحيد، وكان يسير نحو الله، عالمًا أن أيامه في الدنيا محدودة، وأنها ستعقبها الوفاة ثم البعث أخيرًا. وقد ملأت معرفته بالحياة بعد الموت قلبه سكينةً وحبًّا ويقينًا. وفي يوم من الأيام سأل ربه أن يُريه كيف يُحيي الموتى.

Abraham lived on earth worshipping Allah and calling people to monotheism, but he was journeying to Allah, knowing that his days on earth were limited and that they would be followed by death and finally resurrection. The knowledge of life after death filled Abraham with peace and love and certitude. One day he begged Allah to show him how He brought the dead back to life.

أمر الله إبراهيم أن يأخذ أربعة طيور، فيقطعها ويخلط أجزاءها، ثم يقسمها إلى أربعة أجزاء ويضع كل جزء على جبل من أربعة جبال مختلفة، ثم يدعوها باسم الله فتعود إليه. ففعل إبراهيم ما أُمر به، فما لبثت أجزاء الطيور المختلطة أن تفرّقت لتلتئم كل جزء مع جسده الأصلي في أماكن متفرقة، وطارت الطيور عائدة إلى إبراهيم.

Allah commanded Abraham to take four birds, cut them up and mingle their body parts, divide them into four portions and place them on top of four different hills, then call back the birds in Allah's name. Abraham did as he was told. Immediately the mingled parts of the birds separated to join their original bodies in different places and the birds flew back to Abraham.

قال الله تعالى:

Almighty Allah revealed:

"وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ أَرِنِي كَيْفَ تُحْيِي الْمَوْتَىٰ ۖ قَالَ"

“Remember when Abraham said: ‘My Lord Show me how You give life to the dead." Allah said:

"أَوَلَمْ تُؤْمِنْ؟" قَالَ: "بَلَى، وَلَٰكِنْ لِيَطْمَئِنَّ قَلْبِي." قَالَ:

"Do you not believe?" Abraham said: "Yes I believe, but to be stronger in Faith." HE said:

خُذْ أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ الطَّيْرِ فَصُرْهُنَّ إِلَيْكَ (ثُمَّ اذْبَحْهَا وَقَطِّعْهَا أَجْزَاءً)، ثُمَّ اجْعَلْ عَلَى كُلِّ جَبَلٍ مِنْهُنَّ جُزْءًا، ثُمَّ ادْعُهُنَّ يَأْتِينَكَ سَعْيًا.

"Take four birds, the cause them to incline towards you (then slaughter them, cut them into pieces) and then put a portion of them on every hill and call them they will come to you in haste.

واعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ۔ (سورۃ البقرہ: ٢٦٠)

And know that Allah is All Mighty and All Wise."(Ch 2:260 Quran)

6. النبي إبراهيم (عليه السلام)

وصف إبراهيم وأهله

طفولة إبراهيم

إبراهيم عليه السلام وكراهيته للأصنام

إبراهيم يكتشف الله

إبراهيم يناقش عبّاد الكواكب

إبراهيم يحاجّ المشركين

إبراهيم يُحاجّ أباه

مُنَاظَرَةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ

إبراهيم يحاجّ المشركين، المرّة الثانية

إبراهيم يكسّر الأصنام

المشركون يسألون إبراهيم

عبدة الأوثان يحاولون حرق إبراهيم

الإيمان الذي عليه المؤمنون

يُحاجُّ إبراهيم الذين يدّعون الألوهية لأنفسهم، وعلى رأسهم الملِكُ نمرود.

هاجر وسارة

إبراهيم يتساءل عن البعث