4. To'rtinchi bosqich: Gullash davri
4. The Fourth Statge: The Flowering
Bu davr taxminan 750 yildan 950 yilgacha davom etadi va Abul-Abbos (hukmronligi 750–754) asos solgan Abbosiylar sulolasining yuksalishi, uning mustahkamlanishi va inqirozining boshlanishini qamrab oladi.109 Aynan shu davrda fiqh mustaqil islomiy ilm sifatida shakllandi; islomiy ilm halifa tomonidan faol qo‘llab-quvvatlandi va munozarali masalalar atrofidagi muhokama hamda bahslar keng tarqalgani sababli u gullab-yashnadi; mazhablar ko‘paydi; hadis va fiqh bo‘yicha turli to‘plamlar tuzildi; ilmiy, falsafiy va ilohiyot asarlarining arab tiliga tarjimalari islomiy tafakkurga ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Davr oxiriga kelib fiqh aniq ikki bo‘limga ajraldi: asosiy qoidalar (Usul)
This stage extends from approximately 750 CE to 950 CE, and covers the rise of the ‘Abbaasid Dynasty founded by Caliph Abul-‘Abbaas (reign 750-754)109, its consolidation and the beginning of its decline. It was during this period that Fiqh took shape as an independent Islamic science; Islamic scholarship was actively supported by the caliph and it flourished as discussion and debate on controversial issues became widespread; Madh-habs multiplied’ various compilations of Hadeeth and Fiqh were made; and Arabic translations of scientific, philosophical and theological works exerted influence on Islamic thought. By the end of the period, Fiqh was clearly divided into two sections; Fundamental principles (Usool)
va ikkinchi darajali tamoyillar, ya'ni ilmiy, falsafiy va ilohiyot asarlarining (Furoʻ) manbalari belgilandi; asosiy mazhablar o‘rtasida farqlar ishlab chiqildi va ularni bir-biridan ajratdi. 110
and secondary principles of scientific, philosophical and theological works (Furoo’); sources of Islamic law were identified and deferences developed between the major Madh-habs separating them from each other. 110