6. Ziddiyatli hukmlarning asosiy sabablari
6. Main Reasons For Conflicting Rulings
Biz ko'rdikki, to'rt asosiy mazhab imomlarining barchasi islom huquqining to'rt asosiy manbasi – Qur'on, Sunnat, ijmo' va qiyos – ustunligi borasida ittifoq qilgan bo'lsalar ham, ularning mazhablari hukmlari o'rtasida ba'zi farqlar yuzaga kelgan va hozirgacha mavjud. Bu farqlar turli sabablarga ko'ra paydo bo'lgan, asosiylari esa quyidagi jihatlarga bog'liq:
We have seen that although the Imaams of the four major Madh-habs were all agreed on the primacy of the four fundamental priciples of Islamic law (the Qur’aan, the Sunnah, Ijmaa’and Qiyaas), certain differences have occurred and still exist among the rulings of their Madh-habs. These differences arose for various reasons, the chief ones being related to the following aspects:
so'zlarning ma'nolarini va grammatik tuzilmalarni talqin qilish; hadislar rivoyati (mavjudligi, sahihligi, qabul qilinish shartlari va matnlardagi ziddiyatni talqin qilish); ayrim usullarning (ijmo', Madina ahlining odatlari, istihsan va sahobalarning fikrlari) qabul qilinishi; hamda qiyos usullari. Tegishli o'rinlarda mavjud to'rt mazhabning qarashlari ham zikr qilinadi.
interpretation of ward meanings and grammatical constructions; Hadeeth narrations (availability, authenticity, conditions for acceptance, and interpretation of textual conflict); admissibility of certain principles (Ijmaa’, customs of the Madeenites, Istihsaan, and opinions of the Sahaabah); and methods of Qiyaas. Mention will be made of the positions of the four existing Madh-habs where relevant.
Baqara surasi (2): 228.
153 Soorah al-Baqarah (2): 228.
154 Abdullaah ‘Abdul-Muhsin at-Tarkiy, Asbaab Ixtilaf al-Fuqaha, (Riyod: Matba’ah as-Sa’odah, 1-nashr, 1974), 190-bet. 155 An-Nasa’iy va Abu Dovud rivoyat qilgan. Qarang: Ahmad Hasan, Sunan Abu Dovud (ingliz tilidagi tarjima), (Lohur: SH. Muhammad Ashraf, 1984), 1-jild.
154 Abdullaah ‘abdul-Muhsin at-Tarki, Asbaab Ikhtilaaf al-Fuqahaa, (Riyadh: Matba’ah as-Sa’aadah, 1st ed. 1974), p. 190. 155 Collected by an-Nasaa’ee and Abu Daawood. See Ahmad Hasan, Sunan Abu Dawud (English Trans.), (Lahore: SH. Muhammad Ashraf, 1984), vol.
1, 71-bet. 285-raqam. Bu hadisni Muslim ham rivoyat qilgan (Sahih Muslim (ingliz tilidagi tarjima), 1-jild, 188–189-betlar, 652-raqam), so'zlarida ozgina farq bilan.
1, p. 71. No. 285 this Hadeeth is also collected by Mulim (Sahih Muslim (English Trans.), vol. 1, pp. 188-9, no. 652) with a variation in wording.
Abu Doʻud va an-Nasoiy rivoyatlarini al-Albaniy "Irvo al-G'alil" (Bayrut: al-Maktab al-Islomiy, 1-nashr, 1979) kitobida, 7-jild, 199-bet, 2118-raqamda sahih deb tasdiqlagan.
Abu Daawood and an-Nasaa’ee’s narrations are authenticated by alAlbaanee in Irwaa al-Ghaleel (Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islaamee, 1st ed., 1979), vol. 7, p. 199, no. 2118.
156-hadis. Ibn Moja rivoyat qilgan va al-Albaniy "Irvaul-g'alil" kitobining 7-jild, 200-betida, 2120-raqamda sahih deb baholagan.
156 Collected by Ibn Maajah and authenticated by al-Albaanee in Irwaa alGhaleel, vol.7, p. 200, no. 2120.
157 Tayammum (poklanish) suv bo‘lmaganda tuproq bilan. 158 Niso surasi (4): 43 va Moida surasi (5): 6.
157 Purificationwith dust in the absence of water. 158 Soorah an-Nisaa (4): 43 and Sorrah a-Maaidah (5): 6.
159 Ibodat ayrim turlari uchun shart qilib belgilangan, poklik holatiga oid ritual holat.
159 A ritual state of purity stipulated as a precondition for certain acts of worship.
160-raqam. Al-Bukhoriy tomonidan rivoyat qilingan (Sahih al-Bukhoriy (Arabcha-inglizcha tarjima), 1-jild, 294-295-betlar, 498-raqam) va Abu Dovud tomonidan (Sunan Abu Dovud, (inglizcha tarjima), 1-jild, 183-184-betlar, 712-raqam).
160 Collected by al-Bukhaaree (Sahih Al-Bukhari (Arabic-English Trans.), vol. 1, pp. 294-5, no. 498) and Abu Daawood (Sunan Abu Dawud, (English Trans.), vol. 1, pp. 183-4, no. 712).