安拉至高无上,启示道:

Allah the Almighty revealed:

"请记住，你的主对天使们说：'我必将在大地上设置一位继承者。'他们说：'你要在地上设置那些将在其中作恶、流血的人吗？我们赞颂你，赞美你，并尊崇你的圣洁。'他说：'我所知道的，你们不知道。'安拉教阿丹认识一切名称，然后将它们展示给天使们，说：'如果你们说的是实话，就把这些的名称告诉我。'他们（天使）"

"Remember when your Lord said to the angels: 'Verily, I am going to place mankind generations after generations on earth.' They said: 'Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood, while we glorify You with praises and thanks (exalted be You above all that they associate with You as partners) and sanctify You.' Allah said: 'I know that which you do not know.' Allah taught Adam all the names of everything, then He showed them to the angels and said: "Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful." They (angels)

“圣洁的主啊，你至圣无瑕。我们除了你所教导的，别无所知。”

said: "Glory be to You, we have no knowledge except what You have taught us.

"它的确是你，全知者，至睿者。"他说："亚当啊！你把他们的名字告诉他们吧。"当他把他们的名字告诉他们之后，（真主）说："我岂不是告诉过你们，我知道天地的幽玄，我知道你们所表露的和你们所隐藏的吗？" 当时，我曾对天使们说："你们向阿丹叩拜吧。"于是，他们都叩拜了，唯有易卜劣斯拒绝叩拜，他骄傲自大，他是叛逆者（即违抗真主者）中的一员。 我说："阿丹啊！你和你的妻子住在乐园里，你们俩可以随心所欲地在乐园中享用丰美的食物，但你们俩不要靠近这棵树，否则你们俩就会成为不义者。"然而，撒旦引诱他们俩，使他们脱离了乐园，使他们离开了原来所在的地方。我说："你们都下去吧，你们彼此为敌。在大地上，你们将有居所，并在一定的期限内享用它。" 然后，阿丹从他的主那里领受了一些言辞，他的主就宽恕了他（接受了他的悔罪）。的确，他是至宥者，是至慈悯者。

Verily, it is You, the All-Knower, the All-Wise." He said: "O Adam! Inform them of their names," and when he had informed them of their names, He said: "Did I not tell you that I know the unseen in the heavens and the earth, and I know what you reveal and what you have been hiding?" Remember when We said to the angels: "Prostrate yourself before Adam" They prostrated except Iblis, he refused and was proud and was one of the disbelievers(disobedient to Allah)." We said: "O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in the Paradise and both of you freely with pleasure and delight of things therein as wherever you will but come not near this tree or you both will be of the Zalimeen (wrongdoers)." Then the Satan made them slip therefrom (the Paradise), and got them out from that in which they were. We said: "Get you down all with enmity between yourselves. On earth will be a dwelling place for you and an enjoyment for a time." Then Adam received from his Lord Words. His Lord pardoned him (accepted his repentance). Verily He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance), the most Merciful.

我们说:"你们都从这里(乐园)下去吧。以后,如果有引导从我而来到你们那里,那么,遵从我的引导的人,必无恐惧,也不忧愁。但不信道而否认我的迹象(即凭证、证据、节文、教训、神迹及启示等)的人,他们是火狱的居民,将永居其中。"(第2章:30-39节,《古兰经》)

We said: "Get down all of you from this place (the Paradise), then whenever there comes to you Guidance from Me, and whoever follows My Guidance there shall be no fear on them, nor shall they grieve. But those who disbelieve and belie Our Ayah (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, and signs and revelations, etc) such are the dwellers of the Fire, they shall abide therein forever." (Chapter 2:30-39, Qur'an).

我确实创造了你们（你们的始祖阿丹），然后赋予你们形态（人类尊贵的形态），然后我对天使们说："你们向阿丹叩拜吧。"他们便叩拜了，只有易卜劣厮拒绝，他不肯与叩拜者同列。

"And surely, We created you (your father Adam) and then gave you shape (the noble shape of a human being), then We told the angels, "Prostrate to Adam", and they prostrated, except Iblis, he refused to be those who prostrate.

安拉说:"当我命令你时,是什么阻止你没有叩拜?"易卜劣斯说:"我比他(阿丹)优秀,你用火创造了我,而用泥土创造了他。"安拉说:"易卜劣斯啊,你从这里(乐园)下去吧,你不该在此狂妄自大。出去吧,你是卑贱与耻辱之列的。"易卜劣斯说:"请让我宽限到他们被复活的那一天(复活日)。"安拉说:"你是被宽限的之一。"易卜劣斯说:"因为你使我迷误,我必定会在你的正道上埋伏他们(人类)。然后我会从他们的前面和后面、从他们的右边和左边来到他们那里,你将发现他们大多数人不感恩(他们不会顺从你)。"安拉说:"你们从乐园出去,蒙羞被逐吧。凡是跟随你的人,我必定用你们所有人填满火狱。" "阿丹啊!你和你的妻子居住在乐园中,随意吃其中的食物,但不要靠近这棵树,否则你们二人将成为不义的人(犯不义者)。" www.islambasics.com "于是,恶魔向他们两人耳语,为了揭开他们先前被隐藏的羞处,他说:'你们的主禁止你们吃这棵树,只是怕你们成为天使,或成为永生者。'"恶魔向他们两人指着安拉起誓说:"我确实是你们两人真诚的劝告者。"于是他用欺骗使他们迷误。当他们尝了那棵树的果实后,他们先前被隐藏的羞处便对他们显露出来,他们开始用乐园的树叶遮盖在自己身上(以遮掩羞处)。他们的主呼唤他们说:"我不是禁止你们那棵树,并告诉过你们吗?恶魔确实是你们明显的仇敌。"他们说:"我们的主啊!我们已经亏负了自己。你如果不饶恕我们,不怜悯我们,我们必定是亏损者。" 安拉说:

Allah said: "What prevented you (O Iblis) that you did not postrate when I commanded you?" Iblis said: "I am better than him (Adam), You created me from fire and him You created from clay." Allah said: "O Iblis get down from this (Paradise), it is not for you to be arrogant here. Get out for you are of those humiliated and disgraced." Iblis said: "Allow me respite till the Day they are raised up (Day of Resurrection)." Allah said: "You are of those allowed respite." Iblis said: "Because You have sent me astray, surely I will sit in wait against them (human beings) on Your Straight Path. Then I will come to them from before them and behind them, from their right and from their left and You will not find most of them as thankful ones (they will not be dutiful to You)." Allah said: "Get out from Paradise, disgraced and expelled. Whoever of them (mankind) will follow you, then surely I will fill Hell with you all." "And O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in Paradise, and eat thereof as you both wish, but approach not this tree otherwise you both will be of the Zalimeen (unjust and wrongdoers)." www.islambasics.com “Then Satan whispered suggestions to them both in order to uncover that which was hidden from them of their private parts before, he said:" Your Lord did not forbid you this tree save you should become angels or become of the immortals." Satan swore by Allah to them both saying: "Verily I am one of the sincere well wishers for you both." So he misled them with deception. Then when they tasted of the tree, that which was hidden from them of their shame (private parts) became manifest to them and they began to stick together the leaves of Paradise over themselves (in order to cover their shame). Their Lord called out to them saying "Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you, Verily Satan is an open enemy unto you?" They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers." Allah said:

安拉至高无上,启示道:

Allah the Almighty revealed:

当你的主从亚当的子孙、从他们的脊背中取出他们的后裔，并使他们自己作证说："我不是你们的主吗？"他们说："是的！我们作证。"这是为了使你们在复活日不致说："我们对此确实不知道。"或者不致说："只是我们的祖先先前以物配主，而我们只是他们之后的后代；难道你要因为那些行虚妄（多神崇拜）、犯罪作恶、祈求并崇拜安拉之外之物的人的行为而毁灭我们吗？"我们就这样详细地阐明各种迹象（凭证、经文、教训、征兆、启示等），以便他们归向真理。（古兰经 7:172-174）

"Remember when your Lord brought forth from the children of Adam, from their loins, their seed (or from Adam's loin his offspring) and made them testify as to themselves saying: 'Am I not your Lord?' They said: 'Yes! We testify' lest you should say on the Day of Resurrectio:. 'Verily we have been unaware of this'. Or lest you should say: 'It was only our father aforetime who took others as partners in worship along with Allah and we were merely their descendants after them; will you then destroy us because of the deeds of men who practiced al batil (polytheism) and committing crimes and sins, invoking and worshipping others besides Allah?' Thus do We explain the Ayah (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations etc) in detail so that they may turn unto the truth". (Ch 7:172-174 Quran).

亚当的后裔宣告："我们的主啊，我们作证你是我们的主；除了真主，我们没有别的主宰。"真主抬高了他们的父亲亚当，亚当看着他们，看见其中有富有的人和贫穷的人，有相貌好的人和相貌不好的人。亚当说："真主啊！我希望你使你的仆人们平等。"真主答道："我喜爱被感谢。"亚当在他的后裔中看见了先知，他们如同明灯一般。

Adam's progeny declared: "Our Lord, we bear witness that You are our Lord; we have no other Lord but Allah. Allah raised their father Adam, and he looked at them and saw those of them who were rich and those who were poor, and those who had good forms and those who did not. Adam said: "O Allah! I wish You to make Your servants equal." Allah replied "I love being thanked." Adam saw among the prophets like lamps among his progeny.

全能的安拉说：

Almighty Allah declared:

"当我从众先知那里取得盟约时，从你（穆罕默德）那里，也从努哈、易卜拉欣、穆萨和麦尔彦之子尔撒那里，我取得了盟约，并且是坚定的盟约。"{33:7} Note: the Qur'an verse is wrapped in {} per the rule, and ﷺ is written after the Prophet Muhammad's name in the non-Qur'an text. Since the Prophet's name appears inside the verse itself, no ﷺ was added there.

"Remember when We took from the Prophets their covenant, and from you (o Muhammad), and from Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus son of Mary. We took from them a strong covenant. (Ch 33:7 Quran).

另一节经文中，至高无上的安拉命令说：

In another verse Allah the Exalted commanded:

故你当正首面向正教，崇尚独一的真主，这是真主赋予人类的本性。真主所创造的本性不可改变，这是正确的宗教，但大多数人并不知道。

"So set you (O Muhammad) your face towards the religion of pure Islamic Monotheism Hanifan (worship none but Allah Alone) Allah's Fitrah (Allah's Islamic Monotheism), with which He has created mankind. No change let there be in khalqillah (the Religion of Allah--Islamic Monotheism), that is the straight religion, but most men know not." (Ch 30:30 Quran).

另一个版本的故事说，真主抓起一把泥土，并在其中掺入了白、黑、黄、红等颜色。这就是人类肤色各异的原因。真主将泥土与水混合，使其变成了能发出声响的陶土。它经过发酵，并带有气味。易卜劣厮经过时，想知道这团黏土将被做成什么。真主用这团黏土创造了阿丹。他亲手塑造了阿丹的形体，并将自己的灵魂吹入其中。随着生命注入阿丹的身体，他的身体开始颤动。

Another version of the story relates that Allah took a handful of the dust of the earth and mixed into it the colors, white, black, yellow and red. That is the reason why men are born different colors. When Allah mixed the dust with water, it turned into potter's clay that makes a sound. It was fermented and had a smell. Iblis passed by, wondering what was going to be made of that clay. From the clay Allah created Adam. he molded his form with His own hands and blew His spirit into him. Adam's body quivered as life was imbued into it.

然后我使其余的人溺毙了。（不信道者和以物配主者等。）

"Then We drowned the other (disbelievers and polytheists, etc.)." (Ch 37:82 Quran).

安拉至尊declared — translating: 安拉至大至尊说：

Allah the Almighty declared:

"真的，在真主看来，耶稣的比喻就如同亚当的比喻：祂用泥土创造了他，然后对他说：“有！”他就有了。”（《古兰经》3:59）

"Verily the likeness of Jesus, in Allah's Sight is the likeness of Adam, He created him from the dust then He said to him "Be!" --and he was. (Ch 3:59 Quran).

亚当睁开眼睛,看见所有天使都向他俯身叩拜,唯有一位站在远处的存在没有叩拜。亚当不知道这是何种造物,也不知道它的名字。易卜劣斯站在天使之中,以便被包括在对他们下达的命令之内,但他并不是天使中的一员。他是精灵(jinn),按理说他比天使低一等。显而易见,这一叩拜是为了表示尊敬,并不意味着天使是在崇拜亚当。崇拜性的叩拜只能献给真主。

Adam opened his eyes and saw all the angels prostrating before him except one being who was standing at a distance Adam did not know what kind of creature it was that did not prostrate before him nor did he know its name. Iblis was standing with the angels so as to be included in the command given to them but he was not one of them. He was a jinn, and as such he was supposed to be inferior to the angels. What is clear is that this prostration was to show respect and did not mean that the angels were worshipping Adam. Prostrating in worship is done only for Allah..

全能的安拉讲述了易卜劣斯拒绝向阿丹叩拜的故事：

Almighty Allah recounted the story of Iblis's refusal to prostate before Adam:

"请记住，你的主对天使说：'我要从发声的、经过变化的黑色光滑泥土中创造一个人（亚当）。当我将他完全塑造好，并将我为他创造的灵魂吹入他（亚当）之中时，你们就俯伏下来向他叩拜。'于是天使们全体一同叩拜，唯独易卜劣厮（Iblis）拒绝，不愿与叩拜者同列。安拉说：'易卜劣厮啊！你为何不与叩拜者同列？'易卜劣厮说：'我不会向一个你从发声的、经过变化的黑色光滑泥土创造的人叩拜。'安拉说：'那么你从这里出去吧，你确是被诅咒的。直到报应日（复活日），诅咒都将降临在你身上。'"（古兰经 15:28-35）

"Remember when your Lord said to the angels, 'I am going to create a man (Adam) from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud. So when I have fashioned him completely and breathed into him (Adam) the soul which I created for him then fall you down prostrating yourselves unto him'. So the angels prostrated themselves all of them together, except Iblis, he refused to be among the prostrators. Allah said: 'O Iblis! What is your reason for not being among the prostrators?' Iblis said: 'I am not the one to prostrate myself to a human being, whom You created from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud.' Allah said: 'Then get out from here for verily you are Rajim (an outcast or cursed one). Verily the curse shall be upon you till Day of Recompense (Day of Resurrection)'". (Ch 15:28-35 Quran).

在另一章中，至高无上的真主这样叙述了此事：

In another surah Almighty Allah recounted it thus:

我确实创造了你们（即你们的始祖阿丹），然后赋予你们形体（人的尊贵形态），然后我对天使们说："你们向阿丹叩头吧。"于是他们都叩头了，唯有易卜劣厮拒绝，不肯与叩头者同列。

"Surely We created you (your father Adam) and then gave you shape (the noble shape of a human being), then We told the angels: 'Prostrate to Adam and they prostrated except Iblis he refused to be of those who prostrate".

安拉说:"当我命令你时,是什么阻止你不向他叩拜?"易卜劣斯说:"我比他(阿丹)优越,你用火创造了我,而用泥土创造了他。"安拉说:"你从这乐园下去吧,你不应该在此骄傲。出去吧,你是卑贱和受辱的人之一。"易卜劣斯说:"请让我宽限至复活日。"安拉说:"你是被宽限者之一。"(古兰经 7:11-15)

Allah said: "What prevented you Iblis that you did not prostrate when I commanded you?" Iblis said: 'I am better than him (Adam), You created me from fire and him You created from clay.' Allah said: 'Get down from this Paradise, it is not for you to be arrogant here. Get out, for you are of those humiliated and disgraced.' Iblis said: 'Allow me respite till the Day of Resurrection).' Allah said: 'You are of those allowed respite.'" (Ch 7:11-15 Quran).

在关于自由的这一课之后,亚当又学到了另一课,关于知识的课。亚当认识到,易卜劣思是宇宙中邪恶的象征,而天使则是善良的象征。然而,他对自己仍一无所知。于是,安拉让他认识到自己的真实身份、被创造的原因,以及他受尊崇的奥秘。

After this lesson about freedom Adam learned another lesson, one about knowledge. Adam realized that Iblis was the symbol of evil in the universe and that the angels were the symbol of good. However he did not yet know anything about himself. Then Allah made him perceive his true identity and the reason for his creation, and the secret of his glorification.

安拉至高说："祂教阿丹一切事物的名称。"（古兰经 2:31）

Allah the Exalted said: "He taught Adam all the names of everything". (Ch 2:31 Quran).

全能的安拉赐予阿丹能力，使他能够认识万物的本质，并以名称概括它们：这是一只鸟，这是一颗星，这是一棵树，等等。安拉在阿丹心中植入了对知识永不满足的渴求与热爱，以及将知识传给子孙的愿望。这正是他被创造的原因，也是他获得尊崇的奥秘。

Almighty Allah granted Adam the power to know the natures of all things and to summarize them by names; that is a bird, that is a star, that is a tree, etc Allah implanted in Adam an insatiable need for and love of knowledge and a desire to bequeath knowledge to his children. This was the reason for his creation and the secret of his glorification.

亚当学会了万物的名称，以及它们的属性和用途之后，安拉将它们展示给天使们，并说：

After Adam had learned the names of all things, along with their properties and uses, Allah presented them to the angels and said:

“告诉我这些事物的名称，如果你是诚实的。”（古兰经 2:31）

"Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful."(Ch 2:31 Quran)

天使们承认了自己的无能为力：

The angels admitted their inability:

“圣洁的是你，我们除了你所教导我们的，别无所知。你确是全知的，确是至睿的。”（2:32）

"Glory be to You, we have knowledge except what You have taught us. Verily it is You the All Knower, the All Wise." (Ch 2:32)

安拉至高无上,随后转向阿丹说道:

Allah Almighty then turned to Adam:

"亚当啊！你告诉他们这些事物的名称。"当他告诉了他们这些名称后，（真主）说：

"O Adam! Inform them of their names," and when he had informed them of their names, He said:

"难道我没有告诉你们，我知道天地的幽玄，我也知道你们所显露的和你们所隐藏的吗？"（第2章：33节）

'Did I not tell you that I know the unseen in the heavens and the earth, and I know what you reveal and what you have been hiding?'" (Ch 2:33).

安拉希望天使们知道，当祂告诉他们将造阿丹时，祂知道他们的惊异；祂也知道他们未曾流露的困惑，以及易卜劣厮隐藏起来的悖逆与忘恩。

Allah wanted the angels to know that He knew of their astonishment when He had told them about the creation of Adam and that He also knew of their confusion which they had not revealed, as well as what Iblis had concealed of his disobedience and ingratitude.

天使们意识到，亚当是掌握他们所不知道的知识的受造物，而他的学习能力是他最尊贵的品质。他的知识包括对造物主的认识，我们称之为信仰或伊斯兰，还包括他居住并管理大地所需的知识。所有属于世俗范畴的知识，也都包含在其中。

The angels realized that Adam was the creature who knew what they did not know and that his capacity to learn was his noblest quality. His knowledge included knowledge of the Creator which we call faith or Islam, as well as the knowledge he would need to inhabit and master the earth. All kinds of worldly knowledge which are included in this.

伊本·阿拔斯和一群先知的同伴（愿安拉赐福于他）传述：当易卜劣厮被逐出乐园，阿丹被安置在乐园中时，阿丹独自一人在乐园里，没有可以从中获得安宁的伴侣。他睡了一段时间，醒来时看见一个女人，是安拉从他的肋骨中创造的。于是他问她："你是谁？"她答道："一个女人。"他问："你为什么被创造？"她说："为了让你从我这里获得安宁。"天使们想要探明他的知识程度，便问他："阿丹啊，她叫什么名字？"他回答："哈娃。"他们问："她为什么取这个名字？"他回答："因为她是从有生命的东西中被创造的。"

Ibn Abbas and a group of companions of the Prophet (PBUH) narrated that when Iblis was sent out of Paradise and Adam was accommodated therein, Adam was alone in Paradise and did not have a partner from whom he could get tranquility. He slept for some time and when he woke up, he saw a woman whom Allah had created from his ribs. So he asked her, "Who are you? She replied, "A woman" He asked: "Why have you been created?" She said :"So that you could find tranquility in me." The angels, trying to find out the extent of his knowledge, asked him: "What is her name, O Adam?" He replied, "Eve". They asked: "Why was she so named?" He replied, " Because she was created from something living."

穆罕默德·伊本·伊斯哈格和伊本·阿拔斯传述：夏娃是在亚当睡着时，从他左边最短的一根肋骨中被造的，过了一段时间后，她被披上了血肉。因此，至高的安拉说：

Muhammad Ibn Ishaaq and Ibn Abbas related that Eve was created from the shortest left rib of Adam while he was sleeping and after awhile she was clothed with flesh. That is why Allah the Exalted said:

“人类啊！你们应当敬畏你们的主，祂从一个人（阿丹）创造了你们，又从他（阿丹）创造了他的妻子（夏娃），并从这二人中繁衍出许多男人和女人。”

"O Mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam) and from Him (Adam) He created his wife (Eve), and from them both He created many men and women.

(第4章:1)

(Ch 4:1)

安拉还说:

Allah also said:

"祂就是创造你们的主，祂从一个人（亚当）创造你们，又从他创造了他的配偶（夏娃），以便他与她同居而得到安慰。"（第7章第189节）

"It is he Who has created you from a single person (Adam) and then He created from him his wife (Eve), in order that he might enjoy the pleasure of living with her."(Ch 7:189).

艾卜·胡莱赖传述：先知穆罕默德ﷺ说："穆斯林们啊！我嘱咐你们要善待妇女，因为她们是从肋骨中被造的，肋骨中最弯曲的部分是上端。你若想把它扳直，它就会折断；你若任它不管，它将永远弯曲。所以我嘱咐你们要照顾好妇女。"（《布哈里圣训实录》）

Abu Hurairah narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "O Muslims! I advise you to be gentle with women, for they are created from a rib, and the most crooked portion of the rib is its upper part. If you try to straighten it, it will break and if you leave it, it will remain crooked, so I urge you to take care of the women." (Sahih Bukhari).

安拉命令阿丹住进乐园："阿丹啊！你和你的妻子住在乐园里，你们俩可以随意自由地享用其中的任何东西，尽情欢乐。但你们不要接近这棵树，否则你们就会成为不义者。"（2:35）

Allah commanded Adam to dwell in Paradise: "O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in the Paradise and eat both of you freely with pleasure and delight of things therein as wherever you will, but come not near this tree or you both will be of the Zalimeen (wrong doers)."(Ch 2:35)

这座乐园的位置对我们来说是未知的。《古兰经》没有揭示它的所在，注释学者们则持有五种不同的看法。有人说，它就是我们所寻求庇护的乐园，其所在是天堂。也有人反对这一说法，因为如果它是庇护之乐园，易卜劣厮就不会被禁止进入，违抗命令之事也会被禁止。还有人说，它是安拉为阿丹和哈娃所创造的另一座乐园。第四种看法认为，它是位于地上一处高地的乐园。另有一些注释学者接受《古兰经》中的记述，而不去追问这座乐园位于何处。我们赞同最后这一看法，因为与从这些事件中所吸取的教训相比，从其位置中所得的教训并不重要。

The location of this Paradise is unknown to us. The Quran did not reveal it, and the commentators had five different opinions. Some said that it was the paradise of our refuge and that its place was heaven. Others regreted that statement because if it was the paradise of refuge Iblis would have been forbidden admission and disobedience would have been forbidden as well. Still others said that it was another paradise that was created by Allah for Adam and Eve. A fourth group said it was a paradise on the earth located in a high place. Another group of commentators accept what was in the Quran without questioning where this paradise was located. We agree with this last opinion as the lesson we learn from its location is immaterial compared to the lesson we learn from the events that took place there.

亚当和夏娃被允许进入乐园,在那里他们过着所有人都梦想的生活。

Adam and eve were admitted to Paradise and there they lived the dream of all human beings.

安拉允许他们靠近并享用一切，唯独禁止他们接近一棵树。这棵树可能是痛苦之树，也可能是知识之树。安拉禁止他们（靠近那棵树），而他们被安置在乐园中居住。

Allah permitted them to approach and enjoy everything except one tree, that might have been the Tree of Pain or the Tree of Knowledge. Allah forbade them they were give abode in Paradise.

“你们俩不要接近这棵树，否则你们就会成为不义的人。”（第2:35节）

"But come not near this tree or you both will be of the wrong doers." (Ch 2:35)

亚当和夏娃understood... 应为：亚当和夏娃明白，他们被禁止食用那棵树上的果实。然而，亚当毕竟是人，人往往会忘记。他的心会改变，他的意志会减弱。易卜劣思召集了他内心所有的嫉妒，利用亚当的人性来诱惑他。他开始日复一日地向他耳语，哄骗他说："我是否该指引你去往永生之树和永恒的王国？"他对他们说： 亚当和夏娃明白，他们被禁止食用那棵树上的果实。然而，亚当毕竟是人，人往往会忘记。他的心会改变，他的意志会减弱。易卜劣思召集了他内心所有的嫉妒，利用亚当的人性来诱惑他。他开始日复一日地向他耳语，哄骗他说："我是否该指引你去往永生之树和永恒的王国？"他对他们说：

Adam and Eve understood that they were forbidden to eat the fruit of that tree. Adam was however a human being and man tends to forget. His heart changes and his will weakens. Iblis summoned all the envy within him and took advantage of Adam's humanity to exploit him. He started to whisper to him day after day, coaxing him: "Shall I guide you to the Tree of Immortality and the Eternal Kingdom?" He said to them:

{你们的主禁止你们吃这棵树，只是为了不让你们成为天使，或成为永生者。}他（撒旦）向他们二人发誓说：{我确实是你们俩真诚的劝告者。}（第7章：20-21节）

"Your Lord did not forbid you this tree save you should become angels or become of the immortals." He (Satan) swore by Allah to them both saying: "Verily I am one of the sincere well wishers for you both." (Ch 7:20-21)

亚当自问："如果我吃了这棵树的果子，会怎样呢？它或许真的是永生之树。"他的梦想是在天园纯洁无瑕的状态中永远生活。 岁月流逝，亚当和夏娃时常心心念念想着那棵树。有一天，他们决定吃它的果实。他们忘记了真主曾警告他们不要靠近那棵树，也忘记了易卜劣厮是他们誓不两立的敌人。亚当伸出手，摘下一个果子，递给夏娃。二人都吃了那棵被禁止的树的果实。

Adam asked himself: "What will happen if I eat from this tree? It might truly be the Tree of Immortality." His dream was to live forever in the pure innocence of Paradise." Years went by, and Adam and Eve were preoccupied with thoughts of that tree. Then one day they decided to eat of its fruit. They forgot that Allah had warned them not to approach it and that Iblis was their sworn enemy. Adam stretched out his hand, picked one of the fruits and offered it to Eve. They both ate of the forbidden tree.

安拉至高无上地告诉我们："于是他（撒旦）以欺骗诱惑了他们。"（第7章第22节）

Allah Almighty told us: "So he (Satan) misled them with deception." (Ch 7:22)

安拉说：{亚当违背了他的主，于是迷失了正道。}（第20章第121节）。

Allah said: "Thus did Adam disobey his Lord so he went astray." (Ch 20:121).

根据《旧约》，夏娃受蛇的引诱去吃那棵禁树的果实。她因蛇的话而吃了，又给亚当吃了一些。就在那一刻，他们的眼睛被打开，意识到自己赤身裸体，于是他们摘了无花果树的叶子来遮盖自己。瓦哈卜·本·穆纳比赫说，他们犯罪之前的衣服是在两人私处的光。《旧约》中的这个故事是篡改和欺骗。

According to the old Testament, Eve was tempted by the serpent to eat of the forbidden tree. She ate because of the words of the serpent and fed Adam some of it. At that moment, their eyes were opened to the fact that they were naked, and they took the leaves of the fig tree to cover themselves. Wahb Ibn Munabah said that their clothing (before their sin) was made of light on the private parts of both of them.This story in the Old Testament is a falsification and deception.

安拉至高无上，祂对他说道：

Allah the Almighty addressed him:

"难道我没有禁止你们接近那棵树，并告诉你们：'撒旦确是你们明显的仇敌'吗？"他们说：

"Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you: Verily Satan is an open enemy unto you?" They said:

"主啊！我们已经亏负了自己，你若不赦宥我们，不慈恤我们，我们必定是亏折的人。"（真主）说："你们下去吧！你们将彼此为敌。你们在地上将有居处和享受，直到一个时期。"（真主）说："你们将在地上生活，在地上死亡，将从地上被复活。"（7:22-25）

"Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers." Allah said; "Get down, one of you an enemy to the other (Adam, Eve, and Satan etc). On earth will be a dwelling place for you and an enjoyment, for a time." He said: "Therein you shall live and therein you shall die, and from it you shall be brought out (resurrected)." (7:22-25).

哈菲兹·伊本·阿萨克尔（Al Hafez Ibn Asaker）记述道，真主命令两位天使将亚当从祂神圣的近旁移出。于是加百列（Gabriel）从他头上剥下王冠，米迦勒（Michael）从他额上取下冠饰。亚当以为自己的惩罚已经提前降临，便俯身哭泣，说："求饶恕！求饶恕！"真主便问："你想逃避我吗？"亚当回答："不，我的主啊，但我因你而感到羞愧。" 阿布杜·拉赫曼·伊本·阿穆鲁·奥扎伊（Abdul Rahman Ibn Amru Al-Awza'iy）说，亚当在乐园中住了100年。另有一种传述说是60年。伊本·阿萨克尔记载，亚当因失去乐园哭泣了60年，因自己的过错哭泣了70年，又因他的儿子被杀哭泣了另外70年。他们离开乐园，降临大地。亚当忧伤，夏娃哭泣。真主接受了他们的悔罪，因为他们的悔罪是诚挚的，祂告诉他们，大地将是他们的居所和根源，他们将在那里生活、死去，并在审判日从那里复生。

Again there are old stories about these events. Al Hafez Ibn Asaker narrated that Allah commanded two angels to remove Adam from His holy proximity. So Gabriel stripped him of the crown on his head, and Michael took the diadem from his forehead. Adam thought that his punishment had been hastened and bowed down crying; "Forgiveness! Forgiveness!" so Allah asked: "Are you running away from Me?" Adam replied, "No, my Lord, but I am shy of You." Abdul Rahman Ibn Amru Al - Awza'iy said that Adam spent 100 years in Paradise. In another narration it was said he spent 60 years. Ibn Asaker reported that Adam wept for 60 years for his loss of Paradise and 70 years for his mistake, and he wept for another 70 years when his son was killed. They left Paradise and descended upon the earth. Adam was sad and Eve was crying. Allah accepted their repentance because it was sincere and He told them that the earth would be their realm and origin where they would live and die and whence they would come on the Day of Judgment.

安拉至高无上叙述了阿丹在乐园中所学到的第三课：

Allah the Almighty recounted this third lesson Adam learned in Paradise:

我们此前确已与阿丹立下盟约,但他忘记了,我们发现他并没有坚定的意志。当时我们对天使说:"你们向阿丹叩拜吧。"除易卜厘斯之外,他们都叩拜了,他却拒绝。于是我们说:"阿丹啊!这确是你和你妻子的仇敌,所以不要让他把你们两个逐出乐园,以致你陷入劳苦之中。"

"Indeed We made a covenant with Adam before, but he forgot, and We found on his part no firm will power. Remember when We said to the angels "Prostrate yourselves to Adam." They prostrated (all) except Iblis, who refused. then We said: "O Adam! verily, this is an enemy to you and to your wife. so let him not get you both out of Paradise, so that you be distressed in misery.

有些人认为，人类之所以不居于乐园，是因为亚当不顺从，若不是这一罪过，我们本可以一直待在乐园中。这些都是天真的虚构，因为当安拉想要创造亚当时，祂对天使们说："我要在大地上设立一位哈里发。"祂没有说："我要在乐园中设立一位哈里发。"因此，亚当降临大地并非出于贬抑，而是一次尊贵的降临。

Some people believe that the reason why mankind does not dwell in Paradise is that Adam was disobedient and that if it had not been for this sin, we could have been there all along. These are naive fictions because when Allah wanted to create Adam, He said to the angels, "I shall make a vicegerent on the earth." He did not say, "I shall make a vicegerent in Paradise." Adam's descent on earth, then, was not due to degradation but rather it was dignified descent.

安拉知道亚当和夏娃会吃那棵树的果实，并会降临大地。祂也知道撒旦会玷污他们的纯真。那段经历对他们在地上的生活至关重要，是他们担任哈利法（代治者）之职的基石。它的目的在于让亚当、夏娃及其后代明白：正是撒旦使他们被逐出乐园，而通往乐园的道路，只能通过顺从安拉、与撒旦为敌才能抵达。

Allah knew that Adam and Eve would eat of the tree and descend to earth. He knew that Satan would rape their innocence. That experience was essential for their life on earth; it was a cornerstone of their vicegerency. It was meant to teach Adam, Eve, and their progeny that it was Satan who had caused them to be expelled from Paradise and that the road to Paradise can only be reached by obedience to Allah and enmity to Satan.

可以说亚当和全人类注定要犯罪、被逐出乐园、降到地上吗？事实上，这种说法和前一种说法一样天真。

Could it be said that Adam and the rest of mankind were predestined to sin and to be expelled from Paradise and sent to the earth? In fact, this fiction is as naive as the first one.

亚当拥有完全的自由意志，他也承担了自己行为的后果。他违背了命令，吃了禁树上的果实，于是安拉使他离开了乐园。他的违命并不否定他的自由，相反，这正是他自由的结果。

Adam complete free will, and he bore the consequences of his deed. He disobeyed by eating of the forbidden tree, so Allah dismissed him from Paradise. His disobedience does not negate his freedom. On the contrary it is a consequence of it.

事实是，真主早已知道将会发生的事，因为祂总是在事件发生之前就知晓其结果。然而，真主并不强迫事情发生。祂赋予了人类这些受造物以自由意志。祂的至高智慧正是建立在此之上：包括让大地得以繁衍人口、设立哈里发（代理人）等等。

The truth of the matter is that Allah knew what was going to happen, as He always know the outcome of events before they take place. However Allah does not force things to happen. He grants free will to His human creatures. On that He bases His supreme wisdom in populating the earth, establishing the vicegerents, and so on.

亚当理解了他的第三课。他如今切实地明白，易卜劣厮是他的敌人，是他失去在乐园中生活之福分的原因，也是他遭受痛苦的根源。亚当还明白，安拉会惩罚违命者，通往乐园的道路必须是顺服安拉的意志。他又从至高的安拉那里学会了求饶。

Adam understood his 3rd lesson. He knew now in a practical way that Iblis was his enemy, the cause of his losing the blessing of living in Paradise, and the cause of his distress. Adam also understood that Allah punishes disobedience and that the way of Paradise has to be through submission to the will of Allah. And he learned from Allah Almighty to ask for forgiveness.

安拉接受了阿丹的悔过并宽恕了他。随后，祂把他降到大地上，作为祂的第一位使者。

Allah accepted Adam's repentance and forgave him. He then sent him to the earth as His first messenger.

阿布·胡莱赖传述：安拉的使者（愿主福安之）说："阿丹与穆萨曾互相争论。穆萨对阿丹说：'你的罪过使你被逐出乐园。'阿丹说：'你就是安拉选定为使者、并与之直接对话的穆萨。你却因为一件在我被创造之前就已写定在我命定之中的事而责备我？'"安拉的先知穆罕默德ﷺ连说两次："于是阿丹胜过了穆萨。"（《沙希){}布哈里圣训集》）

Abu Hurairah narrated that the Messenger (PBUH) said: "Adam and Moses argued with each other. Moses said to Adam: 'Your sin expelled you from Paradise.' Adam said: ' You are Moses whom Allah selected as His messenger and as the one to whom He spoke directly. Yet you blame me for a thing which had already been written in my fate before my Creation?" Allah's Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said twice, "So Adam outclassed Moses." (Sahih Bukhari).

欧麦尔·伊本·哈塔卜也传述：先知穆罕默德ﷺ说："穆萨…… Note: the original sentence is cut off after "Moses (PBUH)", so I translated only what is given, keeping the opening quote unclosed.

Umar Ibn Al Khattab also narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "Moses (PBUH)

"我的主啊!我能否见一见那使我们和他自己离开乐园的亚当?"于是安拉让他见到了亚当,他对亚当说:"你是亚当吗?"亚当说:"是的。"他又说:"你就是安拉将灵魂吹入其中、让天使向你叩拜、并教你万物之名的那位吗?"亚当回答:"是的。"于是穆萨说:"是什么使你让我们和你自己离开了乐园?"亚当说:"你是谁?"穆萨说:"我是穆萨。"亚当说:"那么你就是以色列子孙中的先知穆萨了。你就是安拉曾与之直接对话的那位吗?"穆萨回答:"是的。"亚当说:"你为何要因为一件安拉早已前定的事来责备我呢?"于是安拉的先知穆罕默德ﷺ两次说道:"亚当胜过了穆萨。"(《布哈里圣训实录》)

said: 'My Lord! May I see Adam who removed us and himself from the Paradise?" So Allah made him see Adam and he said to him: "Are you Adam?" Adam said: "Yes." And he said "Were you the one in Whom Allah breathed His spirit and before whom He bowed His angels and to whom He taught the names of all things?" Adam answered: "Yes." So Moses said: "What made you remove us and yourself from Paradise.?" Adam said: "Who are you?" Moses said: "I am Moses." Adam said: "So you are Moses the prophet of the Children of Israel. Were you the one Allah spoke to directly?" Moses answered "Yes." Adam said: "Why do you blame me for a matter which Allah had predestined?" So Allah’s Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said twice. "Adam outclassed Moses." (Sahih al Bukhari).

关于亚当降临大地之处，有许多传述。伊本·艾比·哈提姆记载，伊本·阿拔斯说："亚当降落在麦加与塔伊夫之间的一片名为'Dihna'的土地上。"哈桑说，亚当降落在印度，夏娃降落在吉达（沙特阿拉伯），易卜劣厮降落在Bodistiman（伊拉克），蛇降落在Ashahan（伊朗）。这最后一段也由伊本·哈提姆记载。

There are many traditions concerning the place of Adam's descent upon earth. Ibn Abi Hatim narrated that Ibn Abbas said: "Adam descended on land 'Dihna' between Mecca and Taif." Al - Hassan said that Adam descended in India and Eve in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia), Iblis Bodistiman (Iraq), and the serpent in Ashahan (Iran). This last was also reported by Ibn Hatim.

阿萨迪传述说，亚当从印度降下时带着黑石（黑石是嵌在麦加天房墙壁上的一块大黑石，据说它来自乐园），他手里还抓着一把乐园的种子。他把这些种子种在印度，它们便长成了那里芬芳的树。

Ass'ady related that Adam descended with the Black Stone (a large black stone set into the wall of the ka'ba in Mecca. It is said to have come from Paradise) in India, and he had a handful of the seeds of Paradise. He sowed them in India and they grew into the fragrant tree therein.

伊本·欧麦尔说:阿丹降临到素法山上,哈娃降临到麦尔沃山上(这是位于麦加神圣天房附近的两座山的名字。朝觐的仪式之一,便是在这两座山之间往返奔走,以纪念哈哲尔寻找水源的经历)。伊本·哈提姆也有同样的记载。 阿布杜·拉扎格记载,艾布·穆萨·艾什尔里说:当真主命令阿丹从乐园降落到大地时,祂教导他制作万物的方法,并从乐园中为他提供了庄稼的种子。

Ibn Umar said that Adam descended on As-Safa and Eve on Al Marwa ( names of two mountains in the vicinity of the sacred house in Mecca. Part of the rites of pilgrimage (hajj) includes pacing between these two hills in commemoration of Hajar's search for water). This was also reported by Ibn Hatim. Abdul Razzaq reported that Abi Musa Al-shari said that when Allah ordered Adam to descend from Paradise to earth, He taught him the making of everything and provided him with the crops from Paradise.

阿布·胡莱赖(愿安拉喜悦他)传述:先知穆罕默德ﷺ说:"太阳升起的日子中,最好的是星期五。在这一天,阿丹被创造,也是在这一天,他被降到地上。"(布哈里辑录)

Abu Hurairah narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "The best of days on which the sun has risen is Friday. One this day Adam was created, and on this day he was descended to earth." (al Bukhari).

亚当知道自己已与安宁告别，并离开了乐园。在大地上，他必须面对冲突与挣扎，一场刚刚平息，另一场便接踵而至。他还必须劳作以维持生计，必须以衣物和武器保护自己，并保护妻子和子女免受野兽的侵害。

Adam knew he bade farewell to peace and he left Paradise. On earth he had to face conflict and struggle. No sooner had one ended than another began. He also had to toil to sustain himself. He had to protect himself with clothes and weapons and protect his wife and children from the wild beasts.

首先，他必须与邪恶的精神抗争。撒旦是他被逐出乐园的原因，他不断诱骗他和他的子孙，企图让他们被投入永恒的火狱。善与恶之间的斗争是持续不断的，但遵循真主指引的人无所畏惧，而违抗真主、追随易卜劣厮的人，将与他一同遭受诅咒。

Above all, he had to struggle with the spirit of evil. Satan, the cause of his expulsion from Paradise, continued to beguile him and his children in an effort to have them thrown into the eternal hellfire. The battle between good and evil is continuous, but those who follow Allah's guidance and should fear nothing while those who disobey Allah and follow Iblis will be damned along with him.

亚当领悟了这一切，并带着对这种苦难的认知，开始了他在大地上的生活。

Adam grasped all of this and with the knowledge of this suffering he started his life on the earth.

唯一能够缓解他悲痛的，是他作为大地的主人，必须使大地服从于他。他必须使大地得以延续、得到耕耘与建设，并使其人口繁衍。他还必须繁衍后代，抚养子女，让他们去改变并improve这个世界。

The only thing that allowed his grief was that he was master of the earth and had to make it yield to him. He was the one who had to perpetuate, cultivate and construct and populate the earth. He was also the one who had to procreate and raise children who would change and improve the world.

人世间幸福的顶峰，出现在亚当和夏娃见证他们第一批孩子出生之时，那是一对双胞胎。亚当是一位尽心尽责的父亲，夏娃是一位知足的母亲。这对双胞胎是该隐（Qabil）和他的姐妹。之后，夏娃又生下第二对双胞胎，即哈比勒（Habil）和他的姐妹。这一家人享受着主所赐予的大地上的恩惠与果实。孩子们长大成为强壮健康的青年。该隐耕种土地，而哈比勒饲养牲畜。

The pinnacle of earthly bliss was reached when Adam and Eve witnessed the birth of their first children, a set of twins. Adam was a devoted father and Eve a contented mother. The twins were Cain (Qabil) and his sister. Later Eve gave birth to a second set of twins, Abel (Habil) and his sister. The family enjoyed the bounties and fruits of the earth provided by their Lord. The children grew up to be strong and healthy young adults. Cain tilled the land while Abel raised cattle.

时候到了，两个年轻人都想要找一位生活伴侣。这是安拉为人类所定的计划的一部分，使人类繁衍，形成具有不同文化和肤色的民族。安拉启示亚当，让他把每个儿子嫁给另一个儿子的孪生姐妹。亚当遵照安拉的命令教导他的儿女，但该隐对为他选定的伴侣不满意，因为亚伯的孪生姐妹不如他自己的孪生姐妹美丽。

The time arrived when the two young men desired life partners. This was part of Allah’s plan for mankind, to multiply and form nations with different cultures and colors. Allah revealed to Adam that he should marry each son to the twin sister of the other. Adam instructed his children according to Allah's command, but Cain was displeased with the partner chosen for him, for Abel's twin sister was not as beautiful as his own.

自古以来，外在的美貌似乎就是男女之间相互吸引的一个因素。正是这种吸引使该隐嫉妒他的弟弟哈比勒。他违抗真主的命令，拒绝接受父亲的劝告。

It appears that since the beginning of time, physical beauty has been a factor in the attraction between man and women. This attraction caused Cain to envy his brother Abel. He rebelled against Allah's command by refusing to accept his father's advice.

乍看之下,该隐的叛逆似乎令人费解,但我们应当记住,人虽然拥有纯净的本性,却也存在两面性的可能。换言之,人既有善的品质,也有恶的品质。他可能变得贪婪、贪求、占有欲强、自私,甚至具有破坏性。因此,人有能力追求自我满足,即使这会导致他在今世和后世都遭受失败。通往善的道路在于驾驭他内心的敌人,即他的低级自我,通过控制恶念与恶行,并在欲望和行为上节制中道。那么,他的回报将是今世与后世的美好。由此可见,真主正是通过我们分裂的本性来考验我们。

At first glance Cain's rebellion might appear strange, but we should remember that although man has a pure nature, the potential for dichotomy exists. In other words, he had both good and bad qualities. He can become greedy, covetous, possessive, selfish and even destructive. Man is, therefore capable of seeking self-satisfaction even if it leads to failure in this life and in the hereafter. The path to goodness lies in harnessing the enemy within him, his baser self by controlling evil thoughts and deeds and practicing moderation in his desires and actions. His reward then will be the delights of this world and the hereafter. Thus Allah tests us through our divided nature.

亚当陷入了两难境地。他希望家庭和睦融洽，于是向真主祈求帮助。真主命令每个儿子各献上一份祭品，献祭被接受的人便占有道理。哈比尔献上了他最好的骆驼，而嘎比尔献上了他最差的谷物。由于他对父亲的违逆以及献祭时的不诚心，他的祭品没有被真主接受。这使嘎比尔更加愤怒。他意识到自己迎娶那位美丽的亲妹妹的希望正在破灭，于是威胁他的兄弟说："我要杀了你！我不愿看到你快乐，而我却依旧不快乐！"哈比尔同情他的兄弟，回答说："我的兄弟啊，你更应当去寻找你不快乐的根源，然后走上和平之路。真主只接受那些敬畏并侍奉祂的人的善功，而不接受那些拒绝祂的命令的人的善功。"

Adam was in a dilemma. He wanted peace and harmony in his family, so he invoked Allah for help. Allah commanded that each son offer a sacrifice, and he whose offering was accepted would have right on his side. Abel offered his best camel while Cain offered his worst grain. His sacrifice was not accepted by Allah because of his disobedience to his father and the insincerity in his offering. This enraged Cain even further. Realizing that his hopes marrying his own beautiful sister were fading, he threatened his brother. "I will kill you! I refuse to see you happy while I remain unhappy!" Abel feeling sorry for his brother, replied, "It would be more proper for you, my brother to search for the cause of your unhappiness and then walk in the way of peace. Allah accepts the deeds only from those who serve and fear Him, not from those who reject His Commands."

亚伯勒聪明、顺从，总是乐意遵从安拉的旨意。这与他的哥哥形成鲜明对比，后者傲慢、自私，不顺服他的主。亚伯勒不惧怕哥哥的威胁，但他也不希望哥哥受到伤害，因为安拉赐予了亚伯勒纯洁与仁慈。

Abel was intelligent, obedient, and always ready to obey the will of Allah. This contrasted sharply with his brother who was arrogant, selfish and disobedient to his Lord. Abel did not fear his brother's threats, but neither did he want his brother to be hurt, Allah had blessed Abel with purity and compassion.

为了平息他弟弟心中翻涌的仇恨,亚伯说:"我的兄弟啊,你偏离了正道,你的决定是有罪的。你最好向安拉悔罪,忘掉你那愚蠢的威胁。如果你不这样做,那么我就把这件事交给安拉。你独自承担你罪过的后果,因为火狱是不义者的归宿。"这番兄弟间的恳求并没有减少该隐心中的仇恨,他也没有表现出对安拉惩罚的畏惧。就连亲情的考虑也被他抛在一边。该隐用一块石头击打他的弟弟,使他当场死亡。这是人类在地上发生的第一起死亡事件,也是人类所犯下的第一宗刑事罪行。

Hoping to allay the hatred seething in his brother Abel said, " My brother, you are deviating from the right path and are sinful in your decisions. It is better that you repent to Allah and forget about your foolish threat. But if you do not then I will leave the matter in the hands of Allah. You alone will bear the consequence of your sin, for the Fire is the reward of the wrong-doers." This brotherly plea did nothing to lessen the hatred in Cain's heart, nor did he show fear of Allah's punishment. Even familial considerations were cast aside. Cain struck his brother with a stone killing him instantly. This was the first death and the first criminal act committed by man on earth.

当亚伯有一段时间没有出现时,亚当开始寻找他,却找不到他心爱儿子的任何踪迹。他问该隐亚伯在哪里。该隐傲慢地回答说,他不是他兄弟的看守人,也不是他的保护者。父亲从这些话中understood亚伯已经死了,亚当因此充满了悲痛。

When Abel had not appeared for some time, Adam began to search for him but found no trace of his beloved son. He asked Cain about Abel's whereabouts. Cain insolently replied that he was not his brother's keeper nor his protector. From these words his father understood that Abel was dead and Adam was filled with grief.

与此同时,该隐不知道该拿他弟弟的尸体怎么办。他把尸体背在背上,四处游走,想要藏起来。他的怒气此时已经平息,良心却背负着罪疚。尸体开始发出臭味,他在这沉重的负担下渐渐疲惫不堪。出于怜悯,也为了表明即使在死后,尊严依然可以保全,安拉派来两只乌鸦,它们相互争斗,其中一只因此死去。获胜的那只用喙和爪子在地上挖了一个坑,把死去的同类滚进坑里,再用沙子把它盖上。

Meanwhile Cain did not know what to do with his brother's corpse. He carried it on his back wandering from place to place trying to hide it. His anger had now subsided and his conscience was saddled with guilt. He was tiring under the burden of the corpse which had started to have a stench. As a mercy, and to show that dignity could be retained even in death, Allah sent two ravens that began fighting, causing the death of one. The victorious bird used its beak and claws to dig a hole in the ground, rolled its victim into it and covered it with sand.

目睹此景,该隐羞愧懊悔,高声说道:"我真可悲!我竟不能像这只乌鸦那样,掩埋我弟弟的尸体。"于是该隐埋葬了他的弟弟。这也是人类第一次埋葬死者。

Witnessing this, Cain was overcome with shame and remorse. "Woe unto me!" he exclaimed. "I was unable to do what this raven has done, that is to hide my brother's corpse." Cain then buried his brother. This was also the first burial of man.

安拉至高无上,启示道:

Allah the Almighty revealed:

"且(穆罕默德啊)你把亚当两个儿子的故事如实地讲给他们(犹太人)听。当时他们各自奉献了一份祭物,其中一人的被接受了,另一人的却没有被接受。后者对前者说:'我一定要杀你。'前者说:'安拉只接受敬畏者的(祭物)。如果你伸手来杀我,我绝不会伸手杀你,因为我畏惧安拉,他是全世界(人类、精灵以及一切存在之物)的主。我宁愿让你担负你的罪和我的罪,那样你就会成为火狱的居民,这是不义者(多神教徒和行恶者)的报应。'于是他的私欲怂恿他,使他把杀害兄弟的事看得美好,他便杀了他,成为亏折者之一。安拉派遣一只乌鸦刨地,向他示范如何掩埋兄弟的尸体。他说:'哀哉!我竟不能像这只乌鸦一样,掩埋我兄弟的尸体吗?'于是他成了懊悔者之一。"(古兰经 5:27-31)

" And (O Muhammad) recite to them (the Jews) the story of the two sons of Adam (Abel and Cain) in truth; when each offered a sacrifice to Allah, it was accepted from the one but not from the other. The latter said to the former; "I will surely kill you." The former said: "Verily Allah accepts only from those who are Al Muttaqeen (the pious). If you do stretch your hand against me to kill me I shall never stretch my hand against you to kill you, for I fear Allah; the Lord of the Alameen (mankind, jinn, and all that exists). Verily I intend to let you draw my sin onyourself as well as yours then you will be one of the dwellers of the Fire, and that is the recompense of the Zalimeen (polytheists, and wrongdoers)." So the self of the other (latter one) encouraged him and made fair seeming to him the murder of his brother; he murdered him and became one of the losers. Allah sent a crow who scratched the ground to show him to hide the dead body of his brother. He (the murderer) said: "Woe to me! Am I not even able to be as this crow and to hide the dead body of my brother?" Then he became one of those who regretted. (Ch 5:27-31).

伊本·阿拔斯、伊本·麦斯欧德以及先知穆罕默德ﷺ的一群同伴传述：亚当的子孙之间曾实行一胎的男子与另一胎的女子结婚。该隐与亚伯，这对双胞胎…… Let me correct that: the translation should be faithful, so: 伊本·阿拔斯、伊本·麦斯欧德以及先知穆罕默德ﷺ的一群同伴传述：亚当的子孙之间曾实行一胎的男子与另一胎的女子通婚。亚伯想娶该隐的妹妹，但该隐想把她留给自己，因为她非常美丽。亚当命令他把她嫁给他的兄弟，但他拒绝了。于是亚当命令他们两人各自献祭，然后前往麦加朝觐。亚当离开后，他们献上了祭品：亚伯献上了一只肥美的羔羊，因为他是牧羊人；而该隐献上了一捆最差的谷物。火降下来吞噬了亚伯的祭品，却留下了该隐的祭品，于是该隐愤怒地说：“我一定要杀你，使你不能娶我的妹妹。”亚伯回答说：“安拉只接受敬畏祂者的供献。” 据艾布·贾菲尔·拜盖尔所述，亚当当时在观望他们的献祭，并且确信亚伯的祭品会被接受。该隐向亚当抱怨说，祭品被接受是因为他为亚伯祈祷，而没有为他这样做，于是他向父亲承诺要自己解决他与兄弟之间的问题。 一天夜里，亚伯放牧归来较晚。亚当派该隐去看看他出了什么事。该隐找到他时，怒目瞪着他说：“你的被接受了，我的没有被接受。”亚伯回答说：“安拉只接受敬畏者的供献。”该隐听后愤怒起来，用身边的一块铁器打他，从而杀死了他。另一种传述说，他是在亚伯睡觉时，用石头砸他的头而将其杀死的。

Ibn Abbas, Ibn Masud and a group of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) related that inter-marriage of the male of one pregnancy with the female of another had been in practice among Adam's children. Abel wanted to marry Cain's sister, but Cain wanted her for himself because she was very beautiful. Adam ordered him to give her in marriage to his brother but he refused. So Adam ordered both of them to offer a sacrifice, then went to Mecca to perform the pilgrimage. After Adam had left, they offered their sacrifices; Abel offered a fat lamb, he was a shepherd, while Cain offered a bundle of worst grain. Fire descended and devoured Abel's sacrifice, leaving that of Cain so he became angry and said: "I will surely kill you so that you will not marry my sister." Abel replied, "Allah accepts from those who fear Him." According to Abu Ja'afar al Baqer, Adam was watching their offering and was sure that Abel's sacrifice would be accepted. Cain complained to Adam that the acceptance was due to his supplication for Abel and that he had not done the same for him, so he promised his father to settle the matter between himself and his brother. One night, Abel was late returning from tending his flock. Adam sent Cain to see what happened to him. When he found him, he glared at him saying: "Yours was accepted, and mine was not." Abel replied, "Allah only accepts from the Allah-fearing." Cain became angry on hearing this and hit him with a piece of iron that was with him and thus killing him. In another version it was said that he killed him with a rock to the head while he was sleeping.

亚当因失去两个儿子而悲痛欲绝：一个已经死去，另一个则被恶魔引诱。亚当为他的儿子祈祷，并转而处理世俗之事，因为他必须劳作以谋生。与此同时，他作为一位先知，教导自己的子女和孙辈，向他们讲述真主，并号召他们信仰真主。他向他们讲述易卜劣厮，并以自己与恶魔相遇的经历来警示他们，讲述恶魔如何诱使该隐杀害了他的兄弟。

Adam was utterly grief stricken by the loss of his two sons. One was dead, the other was won over by the devil. Adam prayed for his son and turned to mundane matters for he had to toil for his sustenance. At the same time he was a prophet advising his children and grandchildren, telling them about Allah and calling them to believe in Him. He told them about Iblis and warned them by recounting his own experience with the devil and of how the devil had tempted Cain to kill his brother.

年月流逝，亚当逐渐衰老，他的子孙散布于大地各处。穆罕默德·伊本·伊斯哈格记述道：当亚当临终将至时，他指定其子谢斯为继承人，教导他昼夜的时辰及各时辰相应的功课，并预告了将要降临的洪水。

Years and years passed, Adam grew old and his children spread all over the earth. Muhammad Ibn Ishaq related that when Adam's death drew near, he appointed his son Seth to be his successor and taught him the hours of the day and night along with their appropriate acts of worship. He also foretold to him the floor that would come.

阿布·左尔（Abu Dhar）传述：先知穆罕默德ﷺ说："安拉降下了一百零四部经卷，其中五十部降给了舍思（Seth）。"

Abu Dhar narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: "Allah sent down 104 psalms, of which 50 were sent down to Seth."

阿卜杜拉·伊本·伊玛目·艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒转述，乌拜伊·伊本·凯尔卜说："阿丹临终时，对他的子女说：'我的孩子们，我确实渴望天堂的果实。'于是他们出去寻找阿丹所要求的东西。他们遇见了天使，天使身边带着他的裹尸布和防腐所需的香料。天使们对他们说：'阿丹的子孙啊，你们在寻找什么？你们想要什么？要去哪里？'他们说：'我们的父亲病了，渴望天堂的果实。'天使们说：'你们回去吧，因为你们的父亲即将离世。'于是他们与天使一同返回。夏娃看见他们时认出了他们，她试图躲到阿丹身后。阿丹对她说：'离我远些，我比你先到，不要挡在我与我主的天使之间。'于是天使们取走了他的灵魂，为他防腐、包裹，挖好坟墓，把他安放进去。他们为他举行了拜利，并将他放入墓中，说：'阿丹的子孙啊，这是临终时你们的常规。'" 临终前，阿丹安慰他的子女说，安拉不会让人类孤独地留在大地上，而是会派遣众先知来引导他们。这些先知名字、特质和神迹各不相同，但他们在一件事上是一致的：呼吁只崇拜安拉。这就是阿丹留给子女的遗嘱。阿丹说完话，闭上了双眼。随后，天使进入他的房间，将他围绕。当他在众天使中认出死亡天使时，他的心平静地笑了。

Abdullah Ibn Al Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal narrated that Ubai Ibn Kab said: "When Adam's death was near, he said to his children: "O my children, indeed I feel an appetite for the fruits of Paradise." So they went away searching for what Adam had requested. They met with the angels, who had with them his shroud and what he was to be embalmed with. They said to them: "O Children of Adam, what are you searching for? What do you want? Where are you going?" They said: "Our father is sick and has an appetite for the fruits of Paradise." The angels said to them: "Go back, for your father is going to meet his end soon." So they returned (with the angels) and when Eve saw them she recognized them. She tried to hide herself behind Adam. He said to her. "Leave me alone. I came before you; do not go between me and the angels of my Lord." So they took his soul, embalmed and wrapped him, dug the grave and laid him in it. They prayed on him and put him in his grave, saying: "O Children of Adam, this is your tradition at the time of death."" Before his death Adam reassured his children that Allah would not leave man alone on the earth, but would sent His prophets to guide them. The prophets would have different names, traits and miracles, but they would be united in one thing; the call to worship Allah alone. This was Adam's bequest to his children. Adam finished speaking and closed his eyes. Then the angels entered his room and surrounded him. When he recognized the Angel of Death among them, his heart smiled peacefully.

亚当去世后，他的儿子塞特（Shiith）依照艾布·载尔（Abu Dhar）所传的一段圣训，承担起了先知职分的责任。艾布·载尔传述说，先知穆罕默德ﷺ

After Adam's death, his soth Seth (Shiith) took over the responsibilities of prophethood, according to a hadith narrated by Abu Dhar. Abu Dhar narrated that Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)

“安拉降下了一百零四部经典，其中五十部降给了舍特（Seth）。”（《圣训实录》，布哈里） 当舍特去世的时候，他的儿子阿努什继承了他的位置。阿努什之后，又由他的儿子基南继承，基南之后是马赫拉伊勒。波斯人声称，马赫拉伊勒是“七方之王”，他是第一个砍伐树木来建造城市和大型堡垒的人，并且建造了巴比伦尼亚的各座城市。他在位四十年。他去世后，其职责由他的儿子亚尔德接管；亚尔德去世时，又将其职责遗留给他的儿子呼努克。据大多数学者的看法，呼努克就是伊德里斯（愿主赐福他）。

said: "Allah sent down one hundred and four psalms, of which fifty were sent down to Seth." (Sahih al Bukhari) When the time of his death came Seth's son Anoush succeeded him. He in turn, was succeeded by his son Qinan, who was succeeded by Mahlabeel. The Persians claim that Mahlabeel was the King of the Seven Regions, that he was the first one to cut down trees to build cities and large forts and that he built the cities of Babylonia. He reigned for a period of forty years. When he died his duties were taken ov er by his son Yard, who on his death, bequeathed them to his son Khonoukh, who is Idris (pbuh) according to the majority of the scholars.