9. 先知叶尔孤布(雅各)
9. Prophet Yaqub (jacob)
以撒的儿子——雅各和以扫
Isaac's Sons - Jacob and Esau
以撒娶了比土利之子、拿鹤之孙利百加为妻,她生下了一对双胞胎,以扫(Al Eis)和雅各(Yaqub)。两兄弟长大成人后,彼此之间产生了隐隐的怨恨。以扫不喜欢父亲偏爱雅各,也不喜欢安拉赐予雅各先知身份。这种怨恨愈演愈烈,以扫甚至威胁要杀死自己的弟弟。雅各担心自己的性命,于是逃离了那个国家。
Isaac married Rebekah Bint Bethuel, Ibn Nahor, and she gave birth to a set of twins, Esau (Al Eis) and Jacob (Yaqub). Ill feelings developed between the two brothers when they grew into manhood. Esau disliked the fact that Jacob was favored by his father and by Allah with prophethood. This ill feeling became so serious that Esau threatened to kill his brother. Fearing for his life, Jacob fled the country.
以撒的儿子们——来自有经人
Isaac's Sons - from the People of the Book
人们所说的"有经人"称,以撒四十岁时,在其父在世期间娶了比土利的女儿利百加为妻。他们说她不能生育,于是以撒向安拉祈祷,之后她便怀孕了。她生下了一对双胞胎男孩。第一个名叫以扫,阿拉伯人称他为阿伊斯,他是罗马人的始祖。第二个名叫雅各,意为"以色列",即属于以色列民族的人。
The People of the Book said that when Isaac was forty years old, he married Rebekah, Bint Bethuel, during his father's life. They said she was sterile, so Isaac prayed to Allah and then she became pregnant. She gave birth to twin boys. The first one was called Esau whom the Arabs called Al-Eis. He became the father of Rum. The second one was called Jacob, which means Isreal, (belonging to the people of Israel).
据有经人声称,以撒(愿主赐他平安)年老,视力衰弱时,想吃些东西,于是叫他的儿子以扫去打猎,为他带回一些烹熟的野味。以扫请求他为食物祝福,并为他祈祷。以扫是个猎人,便出去为父亲猎取肉食。利百加无意中听到了这些话,便吩咐她的儿子雅各宰杀羊群中最好的两只山羊,按照他父亲所喜欢的方式烹调,并在他哥哥回来之前端给他父亲。
The People of the Book claimed that when Isaac (pbuh) grew old and his eye sight had weakened, he had a desire for food, so he asked his son Esau to go hunting and bring him some cooked game. Esau asked him to bless the food and pray for him. Esau, a hunter, went out to get his father the meat. Rebekah, overhearing this, ordered her son Jacob to slaughter two goats of his best flock and cook them as his father liked and bring it to him before his brother returned.
她给雅各穿上了他哥哥的衣服,又把山羊皮套在他的手臂和脖子上,因为以扫浑身多毛,而雅各没有。他拿着食物来到父亲面前,父亲问:"你是谁?"雅各回答:"我是你的儿子。"父亲吃完之后,为儿子祈祷,愿他成为更蒙福的那个兄弟,愿他胜过他们和所有的人,愿真主护佑他和他的子孙。
She dressed Jacob in his brother's clothes and put goat skin on his arms and neck, for Esau was hairy while Jacob was not. When he approached his father with the food, his father asked: 'Who are you?' Jacob answered: 'I am your son.' When his father finished eating, he prayed for his son to be the more blessed brother and to prevail over them and all people, and for Allah to sustain him and his children.
当他离开父亲时,他的哥哥以扫进来了,他遵行了父亲的吩咐。
When he left his father, his brother Esau, who had carried out his father's command, entered.
以撒问他:“我的儿子,这是什么?”他回答:“这是你喜欢吃的食物。”以撒问道:
Isaac asked him: "What is this my son?" He answered: "This is the food you like." Isaac asked:
“你一小时前把它带来,并让我为你祈祷了吗?”以扫说:“不,我发誓我没有。”他知道他的兄弟在这件事上抢先了一步,心里十分难过。
"Did you bring it an hour ago and ask me to pray for you?" Esau said: "No, I swear I did not," and he knew his brother had preceded him in this matter and he was sick at heart.
《雅各离开家园》——出自《天启之书的人们》
Jacob Leaves his Home - from the People of the Book
犹太人的经典说,以扫在父亲去世后威胁要杀死他的兄弟。他们还说,以扫请求父亲为他祈祷,求真主使大地为他的后裔变得美好,并增加他的给养和果实。
The People of the Book said Esau threatened to kill his brother when their father was dead. They also said that he asked his father to pray for him that Allah make the earth good for his offspring and multiply his sustenance and fruits.
当他们的母亲得知以扫威胁他的弟弟雅各时,她吩咐儿子雅各前往她兄长拉班在哈兰的土地,与他同住一段时间,直到他弟弟的怒气平息,并娶拉班的一个女儿为妻。她嘱咐丈夫以撒以此劝诫他,并为他祈祷,以撒也照此做了。
When their mother knew that Esau threatened his brother Jacob, she commanded her son Jacob to go to her brother Laban in the land of Haran and abide with him for a time until his brother's anger had abated, and to marry one of the Laban's daughters. She told her husband Isaac to command him with that advice and pray for him, and he did.
雅各的承诺
Jacob's Promise
雅各伯(愿主赐其平安)离开了家人。夜幕降临时,他找到一处地方休息。他拿起一块石头放在头下,便睡了。他梦见一架从天而降、通到地上的梯子。天使们在上下往来,主向他说话,对他说:"我要赐福给你和你的后裔,并将这片土地赐予你和你的后人。" 他醒来时,因梦中所见而心中喜乐,便为了真主的缘故立誓:若他平安回到家人身边,他必在此地为至高的真主建造一座殿。他还立誓为了真主的缘故,将自己财产的十分之一奉献出来。他把油倒在石头上,以便认出它,并将此地命名为"Ayle's House"(伯特利),意为"真主之家"。后来,这里将成为耶路撒冷的所在之地。
Jacob (pbuh) left his family, when night came he found a place to rest. He took a stone and put it under his head and slept. He dreamed of a ladder from heaven to earth. Angels were ascending and descending and the Lord addressed him and said to him; "I will bless you and your offspring and make this land for you and for those who come after you." When he awoke he felt joyful from what he had seen in his dream and vowed, for Allah's sake that if he returned to his family safely, he would build here a temple for Allah the Almighty. He also vowed to give one tenth of his property for the sake of Allah. He poured oil on the stone so as to recognize it and called the place "Ayle's House" (Bethel), which means "House of Allah". It was to be the location of Jerusalem later.
雅各的妻子——来自经典之人(Ahl al-Kitab)
Jacob's Wives - from the People of the Book
人们所说的有经人也提到,雅各布来到他位于哈兰之地的舅舅那里时,他的舅舅有两个女儿。姐姐名叫利亚(Lia),妹妹名叫拉结(Rahil)。后者在两人之中更为出众、更加可爱。舅舅同意将女儿嫁给他,条件是雅各布要为他放牧羊群七年。
The People of the Book also said that when Jacob came to his maternal uncle in the land of Haran, his uncle had two daughters. The elder one was called Leah (Lia) and the younger one was Rachel (Rahil). The latter was the better and lovelier of the two. His uncle agreed to marry his daughter to him on the condition that Jacob pasture his sheep for seven years.
过了一段时间,他的舅舅准备了宴席,召集众人为婚礼庆贺。他在夜里把他的大女儿利亚嫁给了他。利亚视力弱,容貌丑陋。天亮时,雅各发现那人是利亚,便向舅舅抱怨道:"你欺骗了我;我原本已经与拉结订婚,你却把利亚嫁给了我。"舅舅说:"我们的习俗不是先嫁小女儿、后嫁大女儿。不过,如果你爱她的妹妹,再为我工作七年,我就把两个女儿都嫁给你。"雅各又工作了七年,然后娶了拉结。按照《讨拉》的记载,在他们那个时代,一个男人同时娶两姐妹是可以接受的。拉班给每个女儿一名女奴。利亚的女奴名叫悉帕,拉结的女奴名叫辟拉。
After a period of time, his uncle prepared a feast and gathered people for the wedding. He married Leah, his elder daughter, to him at night. She was weak-sighted and ugly. When morning came, Jacob discovered she was Leah and he complained to his uncle. "You deceived me; I was engaged to Rachel and you married me to Leah." His uncle said: "It is not our tradition to marry the younger daughter before the elder daughter. However, if you love her sister, work another seven years and I will marry you to both of them." Jacob worked for seven years and then married Rachel. It was acceptable in their time, as described in the Torah, for a man to marry two sisters. Laban gave a female slave to each daughter. Leah's slave was called Zilpah and Rachel's slave was called Bilha.
雅各的子孙——来自有经人
Jacob's Children - from the People of the Book
全能的安拉以给她生儿子来补偿利亚的弱势。第一个儿子名叫鲁本(Robel),之后又有了西缅(Shamun)、利未(Lawi)和犹大(Yahudh)。
Almighty Allah compensated Leah's weakness by giving her sons. The first one was named Rueben (Robel), after whom there were Simon (Shamun), Levi (Lawi), and Judah (Yahudh).
雷切尔因利亚有儿子而心生嫉妒,因为她自己不能生育。她把女仆庇勒哈给了丈夫,他与她同房,直到她怀孕。她生下一个儿子,并为他取名拿弗他利。利亚因雷切尔的女仆生了儿子而心中不快,于是她也把自己的女仆悉帕给了雅各布(pbuh),悉帕生了两个儿子,迦得和亚设。之后利亚又怀孕,生下了第五个儿子以萨迦,随后又生下第六个儿子西布伦。此后利亚生了一个名叫底拿的女儿。这样,利亚为雅各布共生了七个儿子。
Rachel felt jealous of Leah's having sons, as she was barren. She gave her slave Bilha to her husband and he had relations with her until she became pregnant. She gave birth to a son and named him Naphtali. Leah was vexed that Rachel's slave had give birth to a son, so she in turn gave her slave Zilpah to Jacob (pbuh), Zilpah gave birth to two sons, Gad and Asher. Then Leah got pregnant and gave birth to her fifth son, Issaacher, and later she gave birth to a sixth son Zebulun. After this Leah gave birth to a daughter named Dinah. Thus, Leah had seven sons from Jacob.
于是拉结向真主祈祷,求祂赐她一个来自雅各布的儿子。真主听见了她的呼求,应允了她的祈祷。她生下一个儿子,伟大、尊贵、俊美。她为他取名为约瑟夫(优素福)。这一切发生在他们居住于哈兰之地,而雅各布(愿主赐其平安)在放牧他舅父的羊群之时,他放牧的时间共有二十年。
Then Rachel prayed to Allah to give her a son from Jacob. Allah heard her call and responded to her prayer. She gave birth to a son, great, honorable, and beautiful. She named him Joseph (Yusuf). All of this happened when they were in the land of Haran and Jacob (pbuh) was pasturing his uncle's sheep, which he did for a period of twenty years.
雅各的请求——来自有经人
Jacob's Request - from the People of the Book
雅各随后请求他的舅舅拉班,让他离开去探望家人。舅舅对他说:"因为你,我得到了祝福;你想要什么钱财,尽管开口。"雅各说:"把今年出生的每一只有斑点和花纹的山羊,以及每一只黑色的羔羊给我。"然而,拉班一声令下,他的儿子们便把父亲的山羊中有条纹、斑点或花纹的,以及黑色的羔羊,全部带走,唯恐其他的羊也生出这些特征。他们带着父亲的山羊和绵羊走了三天的路程,而雅各则照看剩下的羊群。
Jacob then asked his uncle Laban to let him go and visit his family. His uncle said to him: "I have been blessed because of you; ask for whatever money you need." Jacob said: "Give me each spotted and speckled goat born this year and each black lamb." But at Laban's command his sons removed their father's goat that were striped, spotted or speckled, and the black lambs, lest others should be born with those traits. They walked for three days with their father's goats and sheep while Jacob tended the remaining flock.
据有经之人所说,雅各伯(愿主赐其平安)取了新鲜的白杨、杏仁和悬铃木的枝条,剥去枝皮,露出白色条纹,然后把它们放在水槽里,让山羊对着看。羊腹中的幼崽受到惊吓而躁动,所以生下来的羊羔身上有条纹、斑点或杂色。
The People of the Book said that Jacob (pbuh) took fresh rods of poplar, almond, and plane. He peeled streaks in them and cast them into the water through for the goats to look at. The young inside their abdomens were terrified and moved and they were born striped, spotted or speckled.
当羊群交配时,他把羊群的脸朝向拉班羊群中的黑羊,并把木棍放在它们中间。它们生下的羊羔都是黑色的。这被视为超自然能力的例证,即一个奇迹。雅各有许多山羊、绵羊、牲畜和仆人。他的舅舅和他的儿子们的脸色变了,仿佛山羊和绵羊是从他们那里被偷走的一样。
When the sheep were breeding, he set their faces towards the black sheep in Laban's flock and put the rods among them. Their lambs were born black. This was considered an example of supernatural powers, a miracle. Jacob had many goats, sheep, beast and slaves. His uncle and his sons faces changed as if they the sheep and goats had been stolen from them.
雅各被指控偷窃偶像
Jacob Accused of Taking Idols
安拉至高无上,启示雅各布返回他父亲和族人的故乡,并且应许与他同在。雅各布将此告诉了家人,他们回应并顺从了他。然而,雅各布没有把自己的计划告诉拉班,就在未辞别的情况下离开了。
Allah the Almighty inspired Jacob to return to the country of his father and people, and He promised to stand by him. Jacob told his family that, and they responded and obeyed him. Jacob did not tell Laban of his plans, however, and left without bidding farewell.
离开时,拉结偷走了她父亲的偶像。雅各和他的家人逃往他的国家之后,拉班和他的族人追赶他们。拉班见到雅各时,责备他未经自己知情就离开了。他本希望得知此事,以便能欢欢喜喜、敲锣打鼓、唱着歌送他们上路,也好与女儿和儿子们道别。他还问,他们为何要把他的偶像带走?
Upon leaving, Rachel stole her father's idols. After Jacob and his people had fled for his country, Laban and his people followed them. When Laban met with Jacob, he blamed him for leaving him without his knowledge. He would have liked to know so that he could have made them leave with celebration and joy, with drums and songs, and so that he could have bidden his daughters and sons farewell. And why have they taken his idols with them?
雅各不知道拉结偷了他父亲的神像,所以他否认自己拿了这些神像。随后,拉班进入他女儿和婢女们的帐篷搜查,却一无所获,因为拉结已把神像藏在她身下的骆驼鞍座里。她没有起身,并托辞说自己正在月经期间。
Jacob had no knowledge of his idols, so he denied that he had taken them from him. Then Laban entered the tents of his daughters and slaves to search, but he found nothing, for Rachel had put the idols in the camel saddle under her. She did not get up, apologizing that she had her menses.
因此,他无法察觉他们所做的事情。
Thus, he could not perceive what they had done.
然后他们坐在一座名叫迦勒得的山上,并在那里立约。雅各不会虐待拉班的女儿,也不会另娶他人。拉班和雅各都不会越过那座山,进入对方的国境。
Then they sat on a hill called Galeed and made a covenant there. Jacob would not ill treat Laban's daughters nor marry others. Neither Laban nor Jacob would pass the hill into the other's country.
他们烹煮食物,他们的族人与他们一同用餐。二人离别时,彼此道别,各自回到自己的国家。
They cooked food and their people ate with them. Each bade the other farewell as they departed, each returning to his own country.
雅各准备与以扫相见
Jacob Prepares to meet Esau
当雅各接近西珥之地时,天使向他致以问候。他先派遣使者带着问候去见他的兄弟以扫,请求宽恕,并在他面前谦卑自己。使者回来后告诉雅各,以扫正率领四百人骑马迎面而来。这使雅各心生恐惧,他恳切地向至尊的安拉祈祷。他俯伏在地,谦卑地请求安拉履行祂先前所许下的应许,并请求祂制止他的兄弟以扫的恶行。随后,雅各(愿主赐福他)为他的兄弟准备了一份丰厚的礼物:两百只母山羊和二十只公山羊,两百只母绵羊和二十只公绵羊,三十头产乳的骆驼,四十头母牛和两头公牛,二十头母驴和十头公驴。
When Jacob approached the land of Seir, the angels greeted him. He sent a messenger ahead with greetings to his brother Esau, asking forgiveness and humbling himself before him. The messenger returned greetings and told Jacob that Esau was riding towards him with four hundred men. This made Jacob afraid and he entreated and prayed to Allah Almighty. He prostrated in humiliation and asked Him to fulfill His promise which He had made before. He asked Him to stop the evil of his brother Esau. Then Jacob (pbuh) prepared a great present for his brother: two hundred female goats and twenty male goats, two hundred ewes and twenty rams, and thirty milch camels, forty cows and two bulls, twenty female donkeys and ten male donkeys.
他吩咐仆人们把牲畜带上,每群各自独行,在他前面前行,群与群之间保持一段距离。他嘱咐他们说:"当你们遇见我的兄长以扫时,他会问你们:'你们是属于谁的?要往哪里去?牲畜又是谁的?'你们就说:'这些是属于你仆人雅各的,是献给我主以扫的礼物。而且他就在我们后面。'"雅各与他的两位妻子、仆婢和孩子们在那里停留了两夜,然后夜间继续赶路,白天歇息。
He commanded his slaves to take the animals, each drove by itself, and pass on ahead of him with a space between the droves. He instructed them: "When you meet my brother Esau he will ask you, 'to whom do you belong? where are you going?' you shall say, 'they belong to your servant Jacob; they are a present to my master Esau. Moreover, he is behind us." Jacob stayed behind with his two wives, his slaves and his children for two nights, then continued walking by night and resting by day.
雅各成为以色列。
Jacob becomes Israel
当第二天的黎明到来时,一位天使以人的形象出现。雅各开始与他摔跤。两人势均力敌,直到天使刺伤了他的大腿,雅各变得跛了。天将破晓时,天使对他说:"你叫什么名字?"他回答说:"雅各。"天使说:"从今天起,你不再被称为别的,只能叫以色列。"雅各问:"你是谁?你叫什么名字?"天使便消失了。这时雅各才知道他是天使中的一位。雅各因此跛了脚,所以以色列的子孙不吃髋窝上的大腿筋肉。
When the dawn of the second day came one of the angels appeared in the shape of a man. Jacob began to wrestle with him. They were neck and neck until the angel injured his thigh and Jacob became lame. When the day was breaking, the angel said to him: 'What is your name?' He answered: 'Jacob.' The angel said: "After today you shall not be called anything but Israel." Jacob asked: "Who are you? What is your name?" He vanished. Then Jacob knew that he was one of the angels. Jacob was lame, and for this reason the children of Israel do not eat the thigh muscle on the hip socket.
雅各与以扫相见
Jacob and Esau Meet
雅各抬起眼睛,看见他的哥哥以扫走来。雅各在他面前俯身叩拜了七次,因为在那个时代,这是他们的问候礼节。正如天使曾向亚当行叩拜之礼一样,这在当时对他们而言是被允许的。
Jacob raised his eyes and saw his brother Esau coming. Jacob prostrated seven times before him for it was their salutation in that time. It was lawful for them just as the angels had prostration in salutation to Adam.
当以扫看见雅各时,他跑向雅各,拥抱并亲吻他,然后哭了起来。以扫抬眼看见那些妇女和孩子,便问道:"跟你在一起的这些人是谁?"雅各回答说:
When Esau saw him, he ran towards him, embraced and kissed him and wept. When Esau raised his eyes and saw the women and children he asked: "Who are these with you?" Jacob answered:
"这些是神所赐给仆人的。"于是利亚和拉结,并她们的使女,与她们的孩子都近前来下拜。雅各请以扫收下他的礼物,并坚持劝他,以扫终于收下了。以扫回转,在雅各前面先行,雅各与他的家人跟随牛羊与仆婢,前往山地(西珥)。
"Those whom Allah has given me, your servant." Leah, Rachel, their slaves, and all the children approached and prostrated before him. Jacob asked Esau to accept his gift and insisted until he did so. Esau returned and went in advance before him. Jacob and his family followed with the flocks and herds and slaves to the mountains (Seir).
雅各布建造艾尔
Jacob Builds Ayl
当他来到疏割(Sahur)时,他为自己建造了一座房屋,并为他的牲畜搭建了遮蔽处。随后他经过耶路撒冷,即示剑村,并在村前扎营。他从示剑的儿子哈摩尔(Shcehm Ibn Hamor)手中买下一块田地,付出一百只山羊,并建造了一座祭坛,他称之为Ayl,这是遵照真主的命令而行。他建造祭坛的地方,就是今天耶路撒冷所在之处,后来大卫之子所罗门(愿主赐其平安)重建了它。它位于他先前曾用油抹过的那块石头的所在之处,这一点在前文已经提到。
When he came to Succoth (Sahur), he built a house for himself and shades for his beasts. Then he passed by Jerusalem, the village of Shechem, and camped before the village. He bought a farm from Shcehm Ibn Hamor with one hundred goats and built an altar, which he called Ayl, as Allah commanded him. He built the altar where Jerusalem stands today and later Solomon son of David (pbuh) rebuilt it. It is in the place of the stone which he had earlier anointed with oil as was mentioned before.
《黛娜的故事——来自“有经人”的记载》
Dinah's Story - from the People of the Book
"人们在经典中讲述了雅各和利亚之女底拿的故事。示剑·本·哈抹抓住她,并强行与她同寝。之后,他请求她的父亲和兄弟把她许配给他。"
The people of the book tell a story of Dinah, daughter of Jacob and Leah. Shechem Ibn Hamor seized her and lay with her by force. Then he asked her father and brothers to let him marry her.
她的兄弟们说:“你们都要受割礼,我们就把女儿嫁给你们,也把你们的女儿娶为己有;但我们不与未受割礼的人通婚。”城里的人同意了这一条件,他们都接受了割礼。到了第三天,割礼的疼痛加剧,雅各的儿子们上前,把他们全部杀死,直至最后一人。他们杀了示剑和他的父亲,因为他们对雅各的家人所犯的恶行,以及他们拜偶像的行为。因此雅各的儿子们杀了他们,并把他们的财物当作战利品夺取了。
Her brothers said : "Circumcise all of you, and we will give our daughters to you, and we will take your daughters for ourselves; but we do not marry with uncircumcised people." They (the men of the city) agreed to that, and all of them were circumcised. When the third day came, the pain from the circumcision had increased, Jacob's sons approached and killed them till the last one. They killed Shchem and his father for the evil they had committed against them and for their worship of idols. That is why Jacob's sons killed them and seized their money as spoils.
瑞秋之死
Rachel's Death
然后拉结怀孕并生下一个儿子便雅悯,但她分娩时非常艰难,生产后便去世了。雅各把她葬在以法他(afrath)。拉结的墓直到今天仍在那里。
Then Rachel got pregnant and gave birth to a son, Benjamin, but she had a hard labor and died after delivery. Jacob buried her in Ephrath (afrath). The tomb of Rachel is there till the present day.
雅各的儿子们
The Sons of Jacob
雅各的儿子共十二人。由利亚所生的有鲁本(Robil)、西缅(Shamun)、利未(Lawi)、犹大(Yahudh)、以萨迦(Isakher)和西布伦(Zablun)。由拉结所生的有约瑟(Yusuf)(愿主赐他平安)和便雅悯。拉结的婢女生了但和拿弗他利(Neftali),利亚的婢女生了迦得和亚设。
Jacob's sons were twelve men. From Leah there were Rueben (Robil), Simon (Shamun), Levi (Lawi), Judah (Yahudh), Issachar (Isakher), and Zebulun (Zablun). From Rachel there were Joseph (Yusuf) (pbuh) and Benjamin. From Rachel's slave there were Dan and Naphtali (Neftali), and from Leah's slave there were Gad and Asher.
以撒之死
Isaac's Death
雅各来到他父亲以撒那里,与他一同定居在希伯伦村。希伯伦位于迦南地,亚伯拉罕曾经住在那里。之后,以撒病倒了,并在一百八十岁时去世。他的儿子以扫和雅各把他与他的父亲亚伯拉罕(Al Khalil)一同埋葬在一个他曾经购买的洞穴中。据说亚伯拉罕去世时享年一百七十五岁。
Jacob came to his father Isaac and settled with him in the village of Hebron which lies in the land of Canaan where Abraham had lived. Then Isaac fell ill and died when he was one hundred eighty years old. his sons Esau and Jacob buried him with his father Abraham Al Khalil in a cave which he had bought. It was said that Abraham died at the age of one hundred seventy five.
先知ﷺ的最后遗愿
The Prophet's last Wish
安拉全能者在《古兰经》中宣布:
Allah the Almighty declared in the Glorious Quran:
"除了愚昧的人,谁会厌弃易卜拉欣的宗教(伊斯兰一神信仰)呢?我确已在今世拣选了他,他在后世必定是善人之一。"
"And who turns away from the religion of Abraham (Islamic Monotheism) except him who befools himself? Truly, We chose him in this world and verily, in the Hereafter he will be among the righteous.
当他的主对他说:"你归顺吧!"他说:"我已归顺全世界的主。"易卜拉欣以此遗命他的众子,雅各伯也(如此遗命):"我的众子啊!安拉已为你们选择了这宗教,所以你们务必保持穆斯林的身份而死。"难道雅各伯临终时你们在场吗?当时他对儿子们说:"你们在我死后将崇拜什么?"他们说:"我们将崇拜你的主,你祖先易卜拉欣、伊斯玛仪和易思哈格所崇拜的主,那唯一的主,我们对他归顺(以伊斯兰教)。"那是已经逝去的一个民族。他们将得到他们所作的报酬,你们将得到你们所作的报酬;你们不会被问及他们所做的事。
When his Lord said to him: "Submit (be a Muslim)!" He said: "I have submitted myself (as a Muslim) to the Lord of the Alamin (mankind, jinn and all that exists)." And this (submission to Allah, Islam) was enjoined by Abraham upon his sons and by Jacob, (saying): "O my sons! Allah has chosen for you the true religion, then die not except in the Faith of Islam (as Muslims -- Islamic Monotheism)." Or were you witnesses when death approached Jacob? When he said unto his sons: "What will you worship after me?" They said: "We shall worship you (Ilah (God - Allah) the Ilah (God) of your fathers, Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, One Ilah (God), and to Him we submit (in Islam)." That was a nation who had passed away. They shall receive the reward of what they earned and you of what you earn. And you will not be asked of what they used to do.
《古兰经》对待有经人的方式
Quran's Way of Confronting People of the Book
他们说:"你们要做犹太教徒或基督教徒,才能得到正道。"你(穆罕默德ﷺ)说:
They say: "Be Jews or Christians, and then you will be guided." Say (to them O Muhammad):
"不然,我们只遵循易卜拉欣的宗教,他是正信者(即伊斯兰一神信仰,只崇拜独一的真主),他不是以物配主者。" 你们说:"我们信仰真主,信仰降示于我们的经典,也信仰降示于易卜拉欣、易司马仪、易斯哈格、叶尔孤白和各支派的经典,以及穆萨和尔撒所获得的经典,还有他们的主赐予众先知的经典。我们对他们之中任何一位都不加以区分,我们只归顺他。" 如果他们信仰你们所信仰的同样之物,那么他们便是遵循正道的;如果他们背弃,那么他们只是处于对立之中。真主将足以保护你们免受他们的侵害,他是全聪的,是全知的。
"Nay (we follow) only the religion of Abraham, Hanifan (Islamic monotheism, i.e. to worship none but Allah Alone, and he was not of the Al Mushrikeen (those who worshipped others along with Allah)." Say (O Muslims): "We believe in Allah and that which has been sent down to us and that which had been sent down to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob and to Al Asbat (the twelve sons of Jacob), and that which has been given to Moses and Jesus and that which has been given to the Prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and to Him we have submitted (in Islam)." So if they believe in the like of that which you believe, then they are rightly guided, but if they turn away, then they are only in opposition. So, Allah, will suffice you against them. He is the All Hearer, the All Knower.
(我们的色彩,宗教是)真主的色彩(伊斯兰教),谁的色彩比真主的更美?
(Our Sibghah, religion is) the Sibghah (religion) of Allah (Islam) and which Sibghah (religion)
没有任何人能比真主更好。我们是祂的仆人。
can be better than Allah's. We are His worshippers.
(O穆罕默德啊,你对犹太教徒和基督教徒说):"你们就真主的事与我们争论吗?真主是我们的主,也是你们的主。我们的功修归我们,你们的功修归你们。我们对他忠诚地崇拜,只崇拜他一位,我们服从他的命令。"难道你们说易卜拉欣、易司马仪、易司哈格、叶尔孤白,以及众支派(即叶尔孤白的十二个儿子),都是犹太教徒或基督教徒吗?你说:"你们更清楚,还是真主更清楚?"他们都是穆斯林。谁比隐瞒自己从真主那里得到的见证的人更不义呢?(即隐瞒先知穆罕默德的见证,他的降临在他们的经典中有所记载。)
Say (O Muhammad, to the Jews and Christians): "Dispute you with us about Allah while He is our Lord and your Lord? And we are to be rewarded for our deeds and you for your deeds. We are sincere to Him in worship and obedience (i.e., we worship Him Alone and none else, and we obey His Orders)." Or say you that Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and Al Asbat (the twelve sons of Jacob) were Jews or Christians? Say: "Do you know better or does Allah know better....that they all were Muslims? And who is more unjust than he who conceals the testimony (to believe in the Prophet Muhammad, when he comes written in their books) he has from Allah?
"安拉并非不知道你们所做的事。"(古兰经 2:130-140)
Allah is not unaware of what you do."(Ch 2:130-140 Quran)
在另一章中,至高无上的真主宣布: