伊本·易司哈格称他是罗马人。他的名字是Job（约伯），伊本·摩西，伊本·拉兹赫，伊本·以扫，伊本·以撒（愿主赐他平安），伊本·易卜拉欣（愿主赐他平安）。另有人说他是Job（约伯），伊本·摩西，伊本·里米勒，伊本·以扫，伊本·以撒，伊本·雅各布。关于他的世系还有其他说法。伊本·阿萨基尔传述，他的母亲是鲁特（愿主赐他平安）的女儿。也有人说，他的父亲是在易卜拉欣（愿主赐他平安）被投入火中时信奉他的人。

Ibn Ishaaq stated that he was a man of Rum. His name was Job, Ibn Mose, Ibn Razeh, Ibn Esau, Ibn Isaac (pbuh), Ibn Abraham (pbuh). Someone else said he was Job, Ibn Mose, Ibn Rimil, Ibn Esau, Ibn Isaac, Ibn Jacob. There have also been other statements on his lineage. Ibn Asaker narrated that his mother was a daughter of Lot (pbuh). It was said, also that his father was one who believed in Abraham (pbuh) when he was cast into the fire.

第一种观点是最有说服力的，因为他是易卜拉欣后裔，正如安拉至高无上所说：

The first opinion is the most plausible, because he was a descendant of Abraham's offspring as Allah Almighty declared:

"那是我给易卜拉欣对抗他族人的证据。我随意提升我所意欲的人的品级。你的主确是至睿的，确是全知的。我把易斯哈格和叶尔孤白赐给他，他们每个人我都引导了；在他以前，我引导了努哈；在他的后裔中，我引导了达五德、素莱曼、艾尤卜、优素福、穆萨和哈伦。我这样报酬行善的人。"（6:83-84）

"That was Our proof which We gave Abraham against his people. We raise whom We will in degrees. Certainly your Lord is All-Wise, All Knowing. And We bestowed upon him Isaac and Jacob, each of them We guided and before him, We guided Noah, and among his progeny David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron. Thus do We reward the good doers. (Ch 6:83-84)

安拉至高无上,在祂的光荣古兰经中赞美了祂的仆人约伯。

Allah the Almighty praised His worshipper Job in His Glorious Quran:

"我们确实发现他是有耐心的。他是多么优秀的仆人！他确实常常归向我们（悔罪）！"（第38章第44节）

"Truly! We found him patient. How excellent a slave! Verily, he was ever oft returning in repentance to Us!" (Ch 38:44)

安拉的先知艾尤布(愿主赐福他)悔罪归主,感恩地记念安拉,并以忍耐和坚定的心坚持不懈。这正是他获得拯救的原因,也是安拉称赞他的奥秘所在。

Job (pbuh) was repentant, remembering Allah with thankfulness, patience, and steadfastness. This was the cause of his rescue and the secret of Allah's praising him.

一群天使在讨论真主其他的人类造物，谈到那些谦卑的人如何赢得了真主的喜悦，而那些骄傲的人如何招致了祂的不悦。其中一位天使说道："今天地上最好的造物是约伯，他是一位品德高尚的人，极有耐心，并且时常记念他慷慨的主。他是真主的崇拜者的优秀典范。作为回报，他的主赐予他长寿和众多的仆人，贫穷和需要帮助的人也分享他的福分；他供给穷人食物和衣服，并购买奴隶将其释放。他是如此和善温柔，以至于接受他施舍的人会觉得是他在给予恩惠。"

A group of angels were discussing Allah's other human creatures, how those who were humble earned Allah's pleasure, while those who were arrogant incurred His displeasure. One of the angels remarked: "The best creature on earth today is Job, a man of noble character who displays great patience and always remembers his Generous Lord. He is an excellent model for the worshippers of Allah. In return, his Lord has blessed him with a long life and plenty of servants, as well as the needy and the poor share in his good fortune; he feeds and clothes the poor and buys slaves to set them free. He makes those who receive his charity feel as if they are favoring him so kind and gentle is he."

易卜劣斯听到这一切后十分恼怒。他打算诱使安拉的仆人艾尤布走向堕落和不信，于是急忙来到他身边。他试图用对生活中美好事物的低语来分散艾尤布的祈祷，但艾尤布是一位真正的信士，不让邪恶的念头诱惑自己。这使易卜劣斯更加烦恼，于是他开始更加憎恨艾尤布。

Iblis overhearing all of this, became annoyed. He planned to tempt Job to corruption and disbelief, so he hastened to him. He tried to distract Job from his prayers by whispering him about the good things in life but Job was a true believer and would not let evil thoughts tempt him. This disturbed Iblis even more; thus he began to hate Job even more.

易卜劣斯就约伯向安拉提出控告。他说，尽管约伯不断地赞颂安拉，但他这样做并非出于真诚，而是为了讨好安拉，好使他的财富不被夺去。这一切都是做样子，全出于贪心。他说："如果你夺走他的财富，你会发现他的舌头将不再提及你的名字，他的礼拜也会停止。" 安拉告诉易卜劣斯，约伯是祂最真诚的仆人之一。他崇拜祂并非因为恩惠；他的崇拜发自内心，与物质毫无关系。但为了向易卜劣斯证明约伯真诚与忍耐的深度，安拉允许他和他的同伙随意处置约伯的财富。

Iblis complained to Allah about Job. He said that although he was continuously glorifying Allah he was not doing so out of his sincerity but to satisfy Allah so that his wealth should not be taken away. It was all a show, all out of greed. "If You remove his wealth then You will find that his tongue will no longer mention Your name and his praying will stop." Allah told Iblis that Job was one of His most sincere devotees. He did not worship Him because of the favors; his worship stemmed from his heart and had nothing to do with material things. But to prove to Iblis the depth of Job's sincerity and patience, Allah allowed him to do whatever he and his helpers wished with Job's wealth.

易卜劣斯非常高兴。他召集了他的帮手，开始摧毁艾尤伯的牲畜、仆人和田地，直到他一无所有。易卜劣斯搓着手，幸灾乐祸，化身为一位睿智的老人出现在艾尤伯面前，对他说："你所有的财富都已丧失。有人说，这是因为你施舍太多，又因为你不停地礼拜真主而浪费了时间。也有人说，真主降下这些是为了让你的敌人高兴。"

Iblis was very happy. he gathered his helpers and set about destroying Job's cattle, servants and farms until he was left with no possessions. Rubbing his hands in glee, Iblis appeared before Job in the guise of a wise old man and said to him: "All your wealth is lost, some people say that it is because you gave too much charity and that you are wasting your time with your continuous prayers to Allah. Others say that Allah has brought this upon you in order to please your enemies.

"如果安拉有能力阻止伤害，那么祂本可以保护你的财产。"约伯依其信仰坚定地回答："安拉所取走的，属于祂。我只是暂时替祂保管它。祂赐予谁，便赐予谁；祂剥夺谁，便剥夺谁。"说完这些话，约伯再次向他的主俯身叩拜。

If Allah had the capacity to prevent harm, then He would have protected your wealth." True to his belief, Job replied: "What Allah has taken away from me belongs to Him. I was only its trustee for awhile. He gives to whom He wills and withholds from whom He wills." With these words, Job again prostrated to his Lord.

当易卜劣斯看到这一情形时，心中十分懊恼，于是他再次向安拉进言："我已经夺去了安优卜的一切财产，但他依然对你感恩。然而他只是在隐藏自己的失望，因为他非常看重自己的众多子女。父母真正的考验，就在于他的子女。"

When Iblis saw this, he felt frustrated, so he again addressed Allah: "I have stripped Job of all his possessions, but he still remains grateful to You. However he is only hiding his disappointment, for he places great store by his many children. The real test of a parent is through his children.

“你会看到约伯如何拒绝你。”安拉授予易卜劣斯权力，但警告他，这不会减少约伯对他的主的信仰，也不会减少他的忍耐。

You will see how Job will reject You." Allah granted Iblis authority but warned him that it would not reduce Job' faith in His Lord nor his patience.

伊卜劣厮又召集了他的助手,继续他的恶行。他撼动了约伯的孩子们所住房屋的柱子,房子轰然倒塌,他们全都丧生。随后,他乔装成一个前来安慰约伯的人,去见约伯。他用安慰的语气对约伯说:"你孩子们死去的情形实在令人悲痛。你的主对你为祈祷所付出的一切,显然没有给予应有的回报。"说完这话,伊卜劣厮焦急地等待着,希望约伯此时已准备好背弃真主。

Iblis again gathered his helpers and set about his evil deeds. He shook the fountain of the house in which Job's children were living and sent the building crashing, killing all of them. Then he went to Job disguised as a man who had come to sympathize with him. In a comforting tone he said to Job: "The circumstances under which your children died were sad. Surely, your Lord is not rewarding you properly for all your prayers." Having said this, Iblis waited anxiously hoping Job was now ready to reject Allah.

然而，约伯再次让他失望，回答说："真主有时赐予，有时收回。祂有时因我们的行为而喜悦，有时因之而不悦。无论一件事对我是有益还是有害，我都将坚守我的信仰，并对我的造物主保持感恩。"随后，约伯向他的主俯身叩拜。见此情景，易卜劣斯（Iblis）极为恼怒。

But again Job disappointed him by replying: "Allah sometimes gives and sometimes takes. He is sometimes pleased and sometimes displeased with our deeds. Whether a thing is beneficial or harmful to me, I will remain firm in my belief and remain thankful to my Creator." then Job prostrated to his Lord. At this Iblis was extremely vexed.

易卜劣思祈求真主说:"我的主啊,阿尤卜的财富已经没了,他的子女也死了,但他身体依然健康。只要他身体健康,他就会继续崇拜你,希望重新获得财富并生育更多子女。请赐予我对他身体的权力,让我削弱他的身体。他必定会疏于崇拜你,从而变得悖逆。"真主想要给易卜劣思一个教训,让他知道阿尤卜是忠心侍奉其主的仆人,于是准许了他的第三个请求,但附加了一个条件:"我把对他身体的权力交给你,但不给你对他灵魂、理智和心的权力,因为我与我的宗教的知识就存在于这些地方。" 得到这项新权力后,易卜劣思开始向阿尤卜的身体报复,使其染上疾病,直到他只剩下皮肉和骨头,并遭受剧烈的痛苦。但在所有的苦难中,阿尤卜在信仰上始终坚定,耐心承受一切艰难,毫无怨言。

Iblis called on Allah. "O my Lord, Job's wealth is gone, his children are dead, and he is still healthy in body, and as long as he enjoys good health he will continue to worship You in the hope of regaining his wealth and producing more children. Grant me authority over his body so that I may weaken it. He will surely neglect worshipping You an will thus become disobedient." Allah wanted to teach Iblis a lesson that Jo was a devoted servant of his Lord so He granted Iblis his 3rd request but placed a condition: "I give you authority over his body but not over his soul, intellect or heart, for in these places reside the knowledge of Me and My religion." Armed with this new authority, Iblis began to take revenge on Job's body and filled it with disease until it was reduced to mere skin and bone and he suffered severe pain. But through all the suffering Job remained strong in his faith, patiently bearing all the hardships without complaining.

真正的敬主仆人并未绝望，也未向他人求助，而是始终对真主的慈悯怀有希望。即便是近亲和好友也纷纷离他而去，唯有他善良、慈爱的妻子依然陪伴在他身边。

Allah's righteous servant did not despair or turn to others for help but remained hopeful of Allah's mercy. Even close relatives and friends deserted him. Only his kind, loving wife stayed with him.

在他最需要的时候,她以慈爱待他,悉心照料。在多年的苦难中,她始终是他唯一的伴侣与慰藉。

In his hour of need, she showered her kindness on him and cared for him. She remained his sole companion and comforter through the many years of suffering.

伊本·阿萨基尔叙述道："约伯拥有大量各种各样的财富：牛、奴仆、羊群、哈兰广阔的田地，还有许多子女。这些恩赐全都从他身上被夺走，他的身体也遭受了疾病的折磨。他身上除了心和舌头之外，没有一个器官是完好的，他却始终以这两者日夜赞颂全能的安拉。他的病痛持续了很长时间，以至于来探望他的人都对他感到厌恶。他的朋友们远离他，人们也不再前来探望他。只有他的妻子对他心生怜悯。她悉心照料他，因为她记得他从前对她的慈善与怜爱。"

Ibn Asaker narrated: "Job was a man having much wealth of all kinds; beats, slaves, sheep, vast lands of Haran and many children. All those favors were taken from him and he was physically afflicted as well. Never a single organ was sound except his heart and tongue, with both of which he glorified Allah, the Almighty all the time day and night. His disease lasted for a long time until his visitors felt disgusted with him. His friends kept away from him and people abstained from visiting him. No one felt sympathy for him except his wife. She took good care of him, knowing his former charity and pity for her."

因此，易卜劣思变得绝望。他与他的同伙商议，但他们无法给他出主意。他们问道："你的聪明才智既然对约伯无计可施，你为何能将人类之祖阿丹引出乐园，使其堕落？"易卜劣思化作一个男人，去到约伯的妻子那里。他问她："你的丈夫在哪里？"

Therefore Iblis became desperate. He consulted his helpers, but they could not advise him. They asked : "How is it that your cleverness cannot work against Job, yet you succeeded in misleading Adam the father of man, out of Paradise?" Iblis went to Job's wife in the form of a man. "Where is your husband?" he asked her.

她指向床上一具几乎毫无生气、蜷缩在那里的身体，说："他就在那里，悬在生与死之间。"易卜劣斯提醒她那些日子：当时约伯身体健康，拥有财富和儿女。突然，多年苦难的痛苦回忆涌上心头，她哭了起来。她对约伯说：

She pointed to an almost lifeless form crumbled on the bed and said: "There he is, suspended between life and death." Iblis reminded her of the days, when Job had good health, wealth and children. Suddenly, the painful memory of years of hardship overcame her, and she burst into tears. She said to Job:

“我们的主还要让你承受这种折磨多久？难道我们要永远没有财富、没有子女、没有朋友吗？你为什么不祈求真主解除这份苦难？”约伯叹了口气，用柔和的声音回答说：

"How long are you going to bear this torture from our Lord? Are we to remain without wealth, children or friends forever? Why don't you call upon Allah to remove this suffering?" Job sighed, and in a soft voice replied :

"易卜劣思一定在你耳边低语，让你心生不满。告诉我，我享受健康与财富有多少年了？"她回答："八十年。"然后约伯说："那我这样受苦有多久了？"她说："七年。"约伯便对她说："这样的话，我羞于向我的主祈求解除苦难，因为我所受的苦难时间并不比我健康富足的岁月更长。看来你的信仰已经动摇，你对安拉的安排心怀不满。如果我有朝一日恢复健康，我发誓要用一百鞭惩罚你！从今天起，我禁止自己吃喝你经手的任何东西。离开我吧，让我的主随他的意愿对待我。"

"Iblis must have whispered to you and made you dissatisfied. Tell me how long did I enjoy good health and riches?" She replied: "eighty years." Then Job replied: "How long am I suffering like this?" She said: "seven years." Job then told her: "In that case I am ashamed to call on my Lord to remove the hardship, for I have not suffered longer than the years of good health and plenty. It seems your faith has weakened and you are dissatisfied with the fate of Allah. If I ever regain health, I swear I will punish you with a hundred strokes! From this day onward, I forbid myself to eat or drink anything by your hand. Leave me alone and let my Lord do with me as He pleases."

满心悲痛、泪流不止，她别无选择，只得离开他，另寻栖身之所。在这无助的境地中，约伯转向真主，并非抱怨，而是祈求祂的怜悯：

Crying bitterly and with a heavy heart, she had no choice but to leave him and seek shelter elsewhere. In this helpless sate, Job turned to Allah, not to complain but to seek His mercy:

"我确已遭受苦难，而你是最慈悲的。"于是，我应允了他的祈祷，消除了他身上的苦难，把他失去的家人归还给他，并再赐给他同样数量的人，作为我施予的恩慈，也作为对一切崇拜我者的教诲。（21:83-84）

"Verily! distress has seized me and You are the Most Merciful of all those who show mercy." so We answered his call, and we removed the distress that was on him, and We restored his family to him (that he had lost), and the like thereof along with them as a mercy from Ourselves and a Reminder for all who worship Us." (Ch 21:83-84)

全能的真主也下达了命令：

Almighty Allah also instructed:

请记住我的仆人艾尤卜，当时他向他的主祈祷说："恶魔确已使我遭受苦难和折磨！"（即失去健康与财产）安拉说："你用脚跺地，这里有一股凉爽的清水，可供你沐浴和饮用。"我把他的家人还给了他，并再赐给他同样数目的家人，作为我的恩典，并作为对有理智者的教诫。（第38章41-43节）

"Remember Our slave Job, when he invoked His Lord saying: "Verily! Satan has touched me with distress (by losing my health) and torment (by losing my wealth)!" Allah said to him: "Strike the ground with your foot: This is a spring of water to wash in and cool and a refreshing drink." And We gave him back his family, and along with them the like thereof as a Mercy from Us, and a reminder for those who understand." (Ch 38:41-43)

约伯服从了，几乎立刻，他的健康便恢复了。与此同时，他忠诚的妻子再也无法忍受与丈夫分离，便回到他身边，恳求他的宽恕，并愿意服侍他。她走进家门时，对这突如其来的变化感到惊讶：约伯又恢复了健康！她拥抱了他，并感谢真主的慈悯。

Job obeyed and almost immediately his good health was restored. Meanwhile, his faithful wife could not longer bear to be parted from her husband and returned to him to beg his forgiveness, desiring to serve him. On entering her house, she was amazed at the sudden change: Job was again healthy! She embraced him and thanked Allah for His mercy.

约伯并不担忧,因为他曾发誓,若身体康复,就要用一百下鞭打来惩罚妻子,但他本无意伤害她。他知道,如果不履行誓言,就会犯了违背对真主的承诺之罪。因此,真主以祂的智慧和慈悯,眷顾了祂忠诚的仆人,并指示他说:"你手里拿一束细草,用它打你的妻子,不要违背你的誓言。"

Job was not worried, for he had taken an oath to punish her with a hundred strokes if he had regained health but he had no desire to hurt her. He knew if he did not fulfill the oath, he would be guilty of breaking a promise to Allah. Therefore in His wisdom and mercy, Allah came to the assistance of His faithful servant and advised him: "take in your hand a bundle of thin grass and strike therewith your wife, and break not your oath.

"我们确实发现他有耐心。他是多么优秀的仆人！他确实常常归向我们（悔罪）。"（第38章：44节）

" Truly! We found him patient. How excellent a slave! Verily, he was ever oft returning in repentance to Us!" (Ch 38:44)

艾卜·胡莱赖（愿安拉喜悦他）传述：先知穆罕默德ﷺ说：

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said:

当安拉的先知约伯赤身洗浴时,一群金蝗虫落在他身上,他便开始把它们收集到自己的衣服里。他的主呼唤他:"约伯啊!我岂不是使你富足到无需你所见之物了吗?"他说:"是的,我的主啊!但我无法舍弃你的恩赐。"(布哈里圣训集)

"While Job was naked, taking a bath, a swarm of gold locusts fell on him, and he started collecting them in his garment. His Lord called him: "O Job! Have I not made you too rich to need what you see?" He said: "Yes, My Lord! But I cannot shun Your Blessings." (Al Bukhari)