23. 先知阿拉玛亚(耶利米)
23. Prophet Aramaya (jeremiah)
耶利米的家族史
Jeremiah's Family History
另一位先知是耶利米(愿主赐福他)·伊本·希勒家,出自利未家族,是雅各之子(愿主赐福他)的后裔。有人声称他就是呿迦祿(Al-Khidr),这一说法出自达哈克(Al-Dahak)传自伊本·阿拔斯,但这并不属实。
Another prophet is Jeremiah (pbuh) Ibn Hilkiah from the House of Levi Ibn Jacob (pbuh). It has been claimed that he was Al-Khidr. This was related by Al-Dahak from Ibn Abbas but it is not true.
关于耶利米的圣训
Traditions About Jeremiah
据伊本·阿萨基尔记载,在一些经卷中写道:耶利米站在约翰·伊本·撒迦利亚的血上,那血仍在流淌,他说:"啊,血啊!你已经让人们明白了,那就安息吧。"于是血停止了流动,凝结起来,直至消失。
Ibn Asakir reported that it is written in some scrolls that Jeremiah stood upon the blood of John Ibn Zechariah while it was flowing and he said: "O blood! You have enlightened the people, so take a rest." So it stopped and condensed until it disappeared.
有一则传述,耶利米问真主:"我的主啊!你的仆人中,哪一位最为你所爱?"祂回答:"那些最常记念我的人,他们不被对我的受造物的记念所分心;那些不去想死亡、也不谈论永恒生命的人;那些在今世的财富诱惑他们时便加以鄙弃、而失去它们时却感到欢喜的人。这些人确实为我所爱,我必以超过他们所期望的来报答他们。"
There is a tradition that Jeremiah asked Allah: "O Lord! Which of Your slaves is more lovable to You?" He answered: "Those who remember Me most away from their remembrance of My creatures; those who are not thinking of death, nor speak of eternal living; those who, when they are allured by the riches of this world, despise them, and when they lose them are happy; those have My love, indeed, and I shall reward them more than they desired."
安拉对以色列后裔的警告
Allah's Warning to the Children of Israel
全能的真主说:
Almighty Allah declared:
“我确已将天启经典赐予穆萨,并使它成为以色列后裔的指引(经文说):”
“And We gave Moses the Scripture and made it a guidance for the children of Israel (saying):
“不要以我以外的人为你们的卫士(保护者、主宰,或处理你们事务的人)。” “你们这些与诺亚同船获救者的后代啊!他确实是一位感恩的仆人。” 我曾在经典中向以色列的后裔降示旨意:你们必在大地上两次作恶,并且必定高傲狂妄,极度自大! 所以,当第一次的应验来临时,我派遣了我的仆人攻击你们,他们是拥有猛烈战力的人。他们进入了你们家园的最深处。这是一个必定实现的应许。 然后,我又让你们重新战胜他们,并以财富和子嗣资助你们,使你们的人力更加众多。
"Take not other than me as your Wakil (Protector, Lord, or Disposer of your affairs, etc). O offspring of those whom We carried in the ship with Noah! Verily, he was a grateful slave." And We decreed for the children of Israel in the Scripture, that indeed you would do mischief of the earth twice and you will become tyrants and extremely arrogant! So, when the promise came for the first of the two, We sent against you slaves of Yours given to terrible warfare. They entered the very innermost parts of your homes. And it was a promise completely fulfilled. Then We gave you once again, a return of victory over them. And We helped you with wealth and children and made you more numerous in manpower.
我们说:"你们若行善,便是为自己行善;若作恶,也是作恶于自身。"当第二次的应许来临时,(我们让你们的仇敌)使你们的脸面蒙羞,并像先前那样进入寺院(耶路撒冷的圣殿),彻底毁灭他们所控制的一切。
And We said: "If you do good, you do good for yourselves, and if you do evil (you do it) against yourselves." Then, when the second promise came to pass, (We permitted your enemies) to make your faces sorrowful and to enter the mosque (of Jerusalem) as they had entered it before, and to destroy with utter destruction that fell in their hands.
(我们在《讨拉特》中也曾说过):"或许你们的主会怜悯你们;但如果你们重新作恶,我们也会重新降下惩罚。我们已使火狱成为不信道者的囚牢。"(《古兰经》17:2-8)
(And We said in the Torah): "It may be that your Lord may show mercy unto you, but if you return to sins, We shall return to Our Punishment. And We have made Hell a prison for the disbeliveers." (Ch 17:2-8 Quran).
安拉致以色列子孙的讯息
Allah's Message to the Children of Israel
据瓦赫卜·本·蒙巴赫传述:当罪恶增多时,安拉启示给一位名叫阿摩司(Mamia)的以色列先知(愿主赐其平安):他应当站在他的民众面前,斥责他们顽固不化、盲目且聋,并告诉他们:"我(安拉)记念他们的先祖,因此我对他们怀有怜悯。你们要问问他们关于我的恩惠:他们中有谁能因违抗我而获益?又有谁因顺从我而受苦?野兽尚且记得自己的故乡并返回故土,而那些民众却忘记了我因他们先祖的缘故而眷顾他们,并滥用了我的慷慨。你们的哭诉者忘记了我的训诫,你们的诵读者崇拜我之外的事物,你们的妇女没有学到有益的教训,你们的统治者对我和我的使者撒谎。他们的心和口充满了谎言。我以我的威严和权能起誓:我必派遣说着陌生语言、面容陌生、对他们的眼泪毫不怜悯的民族降临到他们之中;我还将派遣一位暴虐残忍的君王,他的军队如云朵,他的追随者如狂风,他们的旗帜如鹰的翅膀,他们的战马奔跑的步伐如同漫长旅途的一段段路程。他们将把建筑夷为尘土,使村庄沦为荒野。无论它和它的居民如何呼喊祈求,都将遭受祸殃!我将不再垂顾他们的面容。"
Wahb Ibn Munbah reported that when sin increased, Allah revealed to an Israelite prophet called Amos (Mamia) (pbuh) that he should stand before his people and admonish them that they are hard-headed, blind, and deaf and tell them: "I (Allah) remember their forefathers, and that makes Me merciful with them. And ask them about My bounty: can any of them benefit from disobeying Me? And does any suffer who obeys Me? The beasts remember their countries and return to them, but those people have forgotten why I have favored them for the sake of their forefathers, and have misused their generosity. Your cries have forgotten My tenets and your reciters worship other than Me, and your women have not learned a useful lesson and their rulers have lied against me and My messengers. Their hearts and mouths are full of lies. And I swear by My majesty and power that I will send upon them people with strange tongues, and strange faces, merciless in the face of their tears; and I shall send them a tyrannous cruel king, with an army like clouds, and followers like storms, and their flags like the wings of eagles, and the paces of their hoses like the decades of a journey. They will return buildings to dust, and leave the villages a wilderness. Woe betide it and its inhabitants if they shout and invoke! I will not look at their faces."
安拉对以色列子孙的警告——不同的版本
Allah's Warning to the Children of Israel - Varation
伊本·阿萨基尔以如下措辞记述了同样的内容:伊沙格·伊本·比什尔说,伊德里斯告诉他们,瓦哈卜·伊本·穆纳比希说,当以色列的子孙们的情况在悖逆、杀害先知和贪婪方面变得愈发糟糕时,至高无上的真主派耶利米去到他们中间。
Ibn Asaker has related the same in these words: Ishaaq Ibn Bishr said that Idris told them that Wahb Ibn Munbah said that Allah the Exalted sent Jeremiah to the children of Israel when the situation had become worse among them - in disobedience, killing of prophets and covetousness.
安拉决意向他们施行严厉的报复;于是祂启示耶利米说:
Allah was determined to revenge Himself upon them vindictively; and so He revealed to Jeremiah:
"我将以复仇之心摧毁耶路撒冷(以色列的子孙)。你去圆顶清真寺。我会将我的命令和启示传给你。"耶利米站起身来,撕裂衣服,把灰抹在脸上,俯身叩拜,说:"主啊!我愿我的母亲未曾生我,当你使我成为以色列最后一位先知时,耶路撒冷却在我的时代被毁灭。"安拉说:
"I am going to destroy Jerusalem (the children of Israel) irevenge. Go to the Dome of the Rock. I will give you My commands and revelations." Jeremiah stood up and rent his clothes, and applied ashes to his face and fell prostrate and said: "O Lord! Would that my mother had not borne me, when You made me the last prophet of Israel, and Jerusalem be destroyed in my time." Allah said:
"抬起你的头。"他便抬起头,哭泣着说:"我的主啊!你将派谁去对付他们?"他说:"是那些不畏惧我的惩罚、也不期待我的赏赐的拜火者。
"Raise your head." He raised his head, wept, and said: "O my Lord! Whom will You set against them?" He said: "The worshippers of fire who do not fear My punishment, nor expect My reward.
“起来吧,耶利米,听听关于以色列的消息。在我拣选你之前,我已经造就你,喜爱你,尊荣你。去与君王同行,引导并保护他。”(他与君王同在,当时君王正在接受安拉的启示,而他们却忘记了安拉是如何拯救他们的。)“去吧,把我吩咐你的话告诉他们。”“主啊!我软弱,若你不坚固我……”“你难道不知道,一切事务都由我掌管吗?我是安拉,无与伦比,也没有任何像我的。我曾对海洋如此说;我与你同在,无物能伤害你。”
Stand up Jeremiah, and hear the news about Israel. Before I chose you, I had made you and favored you and honored you. Go with the king and guide and protect him." (He was with the king while he was receiving revelation from Allah, and they forgot how Allah saved them.) "Go and tell them what I have told you." "O Allah! I am weak and if You do not strengthen me." "Do you not know that all affairs are controlled by Me? I am Allah without semblance, or any like Me. I spoke to the oceans so; I am with you, and nothing shall harm you.
你去告诉你的people(子民):真主已经想起你们,以祂对你们祖先善行的记念。动物都会记住自己的家乡并回到那里。但你们这些人却沉溺于毁灭与诅咒之中,因为他们忘记了我对其祖先恩典的用意,并且弃置了我的恩惠。学者与祭司迷失了方向,在我之外崇拜了另一个神。至于他们的国王与王子,他们已被我的恩赐所厚待,却自以为可以免于我的惩罚。他们抛弃我的经典,杀害我的先知。难道我会有同伴吗?难道我会在我之外创造一个被崇拜、被顺从的受造物吗?至于他们的诵经者与法学家,他们只教导和学习自己所喜欢的。至于先知的后裔,他们受到压迫与诱惑,随波逐流。他们想要父辈的地位,却没有父辈的纪律、耐心、虔诚与仁慈。
Go to your people and tell them: Allah has remembered you, with His remembrance of our forefathers' good deeds. The animals remember their countries and return to them. But those people of yours are drenched in destruction and damnation, for they have forgotten the purpose of My generosity to their forefathers and have misplaced My favors. The scholars and priests have gone astray and have worshipped another god besides Me. "As for their kings and princes, they have been lavished with My bounty and though themselves safe from My fate. They abandon My Book and kill My prophets. Is it possible for Me to have a partner? Is it possible for Me to make a creature to be worshipped and to be obeyed besides Me? As for their reciters and jurists, they teach and learn what they like. As for the children of the prophets, they are oppressed and seduced and go with the crowd. They want the positions of their fathers without the discipline, patience, piety, and kindness of their fathers.
耶利米为他的百姓代求
Jeremiah Pleads on Behalf of His People
根据凯布所说,耶利米说:"主啊,因你的恩典,我得以来到你面前学习;我既软弱无力,又怎能在你面前开口?但凭你的慈悲,你使我存活至今。没有人比我更畏惧这惩罚,因为我曾身处他们之中,他们违抗你,而我却未能使他们改变。若你惩罚我,那是我应得的;若你宽恕我,我便指望你的仁慈。主啊,你是至高无上的主宰!难道你要毁灭他们的国土吗?那里是你众先知的所在,是你启示降临的地方!主啊,你的名至高至尊,至为神圣!你要毁掉这座清真寺以及与之相关的一切,还有那些曾赞颂你的房屋吗?主啊,你要杀戮并惩罚这些人吗?他们是你忠实的密友亚伯拉罕和你所拣选的大卫的后裔!主啊,在这样的情形下,哪个村庄能逃脱你的惩罚?在你忠实的密友亚伯拉罕的子孙之后,哪个崇拜者能逃脱你的报复?"至高的主说:"违抗我的人,不会畏惧我的惩罚。我曾尊崇他们,因为他们顺从我。若他们违抗我,我就会将他们归入悖逆者之列,直到我以我的慈悲拯救他们。"耶利米说:"主啊,你与亚伯拉罕结为密友,因他的缘故你保全了我们;你也拯救了穆萨,他曾祈求你拯救我们,不要抛弃我们,也不要将我们交给敌人。"于是安拉向他启示说:"耶利米啊,我在你母腹中就使你尊贵,直至今日都拣选了你。如果你的子民能保护孤儿、寡妇、无助者和流落者,我就会成为他们的供养者。他们对我而言就会如同丰饶的乐园;然而我要向你控诉以色列的子孙。我曾如仁慈的牧人般对待他们;但我只尊崇那些尊崇我的人,而憎恶那些轻慢我命令的人。" “先前的人敬畏我,而这些人却在神殿、集市、山岗和山顶,以及树荫之下展示他们对我的顺服,以至于天空在我面前为他们惊叹,大地、群山,包括各种走兽,都为之惊叹和哀号。这一切对他们都毫无作用;经典对他们也毫无益处。”
According to Ka'b, Jeremiah said: "By your grace I have come to learn before You; how is it possible when I am weak and powerless, to speak before You? But by Your mercy You have spared me to this day. None fears this punishment more than I do, because I have been among them while they disobeyed You, yet without it changing me. If You punish me, I deserve it, and if You spare me, I expect it of Your kindness. O Lord, You are Overlord! Are you going to destroy their country when it is the place of Your prophets the place of Your revelations? O Lord the Exalted and Blessed by Your Name! For You to destroy this mosque and all pertaining to it, and those houses which landed Your praise! O Lord, for You to kill these people and punish them, when they are the issue of Abraham Your faithful friend and David Your chosen one! O lord, which village will escape Your punishment then? Which worshipper will escape Your vengeance after the children of Your faithful friend Abraham?" He on High said: "He who disobeys Me will not detest My punishment. I had honored them because they obeyed Me. If they disobeyed me I will place them among the disobedient, until I rescue them out of My Mercy." Jeremiah said: "O Lord, You made friends with Abraham and for his sake You preserved us; and Moses You did save; and he asked You to save us and not abandon us, nor throw us to the enemy." And so Allah revealed to him: "O Jeremiah, I made you honored in your mother's womb and have chosen you to this day. If your people had protected the orphans, the widows, the helpless, and the stranded, I would have been their Sustainer. They would have been like a blissful garden to Me; but I complain of the children of Israel to you. I have been the kind shepherd to them; but I honor only those who honor and despise those who despise My command. Those before them feared Me, but these people displayed their obedience of Me in the temple, market place, hill and mountain tops, and under the shade of trees until the heavens wondered at them before Me, and the earth and the mountains, including the beasts, wondered and wailed. All that had no effect on them; nor was the Book useful to them."
耶利米的人民拒绝听从
Jeremiah's People Refuse to Listen
据凯布所说,当耶利米传达主的讯息,人们听到其中的恐吓与警告时,他们说:"你在撒谎,如果你是在说真主要毁灭这片土地、祂的圣殿、祂的经典、祂的崇拜,以及一神信仰。"他们抓住耶利米,把他捆绑起来并关进监狱。于是真主派尼布甲尼撒攻打他们。他带领军队进入该国,包围了城市。围城时间拖得很长后,他们向他的统治投降。他们打开城门,尼布甲尼撒的军队便涌入城中。
Ka'b said that when Jeremiah delivered the message of his Lord, and the people heard the threats and warnings in it, they said: "You are lying, if you are saying that Allah shall destroy the land, His temple, His Book, His worship, and monotheism." They captured Jeremiah, tied him up and imprisoned him. At this, Allah sent Nabuchadnezzar upon them. He entered the country with his troops and surrounded the city. When the siege was prolonged they surrendered to his rule. They opened the gates and Nabuchadnezzar's troops streamed in.
尼布甲尼撒的统治
Nebuchadnezzar's Rule
他对他们施行残暴的统治,惩罚他们极为残酷。他杀死了三分之一的人,俘虏了三分之一,只放过了跛子和老人;随后他用战马践踏他们,拆毁他们的房屋,拖走年轻人,并让妇女站在市场上充当守卫。他恐吓军队,摧毁了城堡和神庙。他焚烧了律法书(Torah)。他询问曾写信给他的先知但以理,却得知他已经去世。他的家人取出了他写给他的那封信。家人中有以西结的小儿子但以理、亚撒利雅和米沙利。他把那封信留给了他们。年幼的但以理接替了年长的但以理。
He ruled them savagely and punished them cruelly. He killed a third of them, captured a third, and spared the lame and the old; then h trampled upon them with the horses, demolished their houses, drew the youth along, and stood the women in the market places as guards. He intimidated the troops and destroyed the castles and temples. He burned the Torah. He asked about Daniel, the prophet who had written to him, but he was dead. His family took out the letter which he had written to him. Among the family members were Daniel the youngest son of Ezekiel, Azariah, and Mishael. He left that letter for them. The younger Daniel succeeded the elder Daniel.
尼布甲尼撒率军进入耶路撒冷,随后进军叙利亚。他屠杀以色列的子孙,几乎将他们灭绝。他带着财宝和人口返回巴比伦作为战利品,其中有年轻的王子和祭司的子嗣,共计七万人。
Nabuchadnezzar entered Jerusalem with his troops, then marched to Syria. He killed the children of Israel until he almost exterminated them. He returned to Babylon with booty in the form of treasure and men, among them young princes and children of priests numbering seventy thousand.
尼布甲尼撒与耶利米相遇
Nebuchadnezzar and Jeremiah Meet
伊本·伊斯哈格·伊本·比什尔传述,瓦赫卜·本·穆纳比赫说:尼布甲尼撒摧毁耶路撒冷之后,有人告诉他,以色列人中有一个人,过去常预言他们所遭遇的事情,描述那位国王及其所作所为,预言他将杀死他们的勇士,掳走他们的孩子,毁坏圣殿,焚烧他们的讬拉。他们说他在撒谎,于是把他绑起来关进了监狱。尼布甲尼撒下令把他从监狱中带出来。耶利米被释放,国王对他说:"你是否警告过那些人,让他们提防将要降临到他们身上的事?"耶利米确认了此事,国王说:"我早就知道。"耶利米说:
Ibn Ishaaq Ibn Bishr reported that Wahb bin Munbah stated that after Nabuchadnezzar had destroyed Jerusalem, he was told that the Israelites had a man who used to predict what had befallen them, describing the king and his actions, foretelling that he would slay their warriors, capture their children, destroy the temple, and burn their Torah. They had said he was lying, and so they had tied him and kept him in prison. Nabuchadnezzar ordered that he be brought out from prison. Jeremiah was released and the king said to him: "Did you warn those people against what has happened to them?" Jeremiah affirmed it and the king said: "I knew that." Jeremiah stated:
"真主派我到他们那里,他们却指控我撒谎。"国王问道:"他们打你、关押你了吗?"他回答:"是的。"国王说:"多么邪恶的民族,竟然否认他们的先知和他们主的使命!那么你愿意与我同行吗?我会尊敬你,并使你获得自由。如果你想留在自己的国家,我也允许你这样做。"耶利米回答:"我仍处在真主的庇护之中,我从未离开过这个国家。如果以色列人不离开它,他们就不会害怕你或其他任何人,你也无法对他们施加权威。"尼布甲尼撒听后,就放过了他,于是耶利米前往伊利亚(埃拉特)他的住处定居。
"Allah sent me to them and they accused me of lying." He asked: "Did they beat you and imprison you?" He replied: "Yes." The king said: "What a wicked race, to deny their prophet and their Lord's message! So would you like to join me, for me to honor you and make you free? And if you want to remain in your country, I grant you that." Jeremiah replied: "I am still in the security of Allah when I did not go away from the country at all. If the Israelites did not go out of it, they would not fear you, nor any other, nor would you have authority over them." When Nabuchadnezzar heard this, he let him alone, and so Jeremiah went to live in his place in Elia (Elat).
尼布甲尼撒与耶利米相遇——异文
Nebuchadnezzar and Jeremiah Meet - Variation
根据希沙姆·伊本·凯勒比的记载,尼布甲尼撒进军耶路撒冷,当地国王是大卫的后裔,大卫曾为以色列人修建耶路撒冷,(国王)便与他讲和。
According to Hisham Ibn al-Kalbi, Nabuchadnezzar marched on Jerusalem, its king who was a descendant of David, who had built Jerusalem for the Israelites - made peace with him.
尼布甲尼撒掳走人质后离去。当他走到塔赫里亚时,得知以色列人起来反抗他们的国王,并因为国王与他讲和而将其杀害。于是,尼布甲尼撒将随行的所有人质斩首。他回到以色列人那里,攻入城中,杀死战士,俘虏了他们的家人。
Nabuchadnezzar took hostages and departed. When he had gone as far as Thahria, he learned that the Israelites had risen against their king and killed him because he had made peace with him. So, Nabuchadnezzar beheaded all the hostages that were with him. He returned to the Israelites and invaded the city, killing the warriors and capturing their families.
当他找到被关押在狱中的耶利米并释放了他时,耶利米向他讲述了自己的经历,以及他对他发出的警告。尼布甲尼撒说:"这是多么邪恶的民族啊,竟然违抗安拉的先知!"他释放了耶利米,并给予他尊崇。耶利米把以色列余下的孱弱之人聚集在自己身边。
When he had found Jeremiah in prison and released him, Jeremiah told him his story and his warnings concerning him. Nabuchadnezzar said: "What a wicked people, that disobey the prophet of Allah!" He set him free and honored him. Jeremiah gathered around him the remaining weak souls of Israel.
以色列的后裔不悔改
The Children of Israel Do Not Repent
他对他们说:"祸哉我们!我们违抗了真主。我们必须为所做之事向伟大而尊贵的真主忏悔,我也会祈求真主接受我们的忏悔。"他如此祈祷,真主便启示他,真主不会接受:"如果他们是诚心的,就必须与你一同留在这个地方(或城镇)。"他把真主所启示的告诉了他们。他们说:"这座城镇已遭毁灭,真主又对其居民发怒,我们怎能留在这里呢?"于是他们拒绝留下。
He said to them: "Woe to us! We have disobeyed Allah. We must repent to Allah, Great and Majestic, for what we have done, and I shall pray to Allah to accept our repentance." He prayed so, and Allah revealed to him that He would not accept it: "If they are sincere, they must stay with you in this country (or town)." He told them what Allah had revealed. They said: "How can we stay in this town when it has been devastated and Allah is angry with its people?" So they refused to stay.
伊本·凯勒比说,自那时起,以色列的子孙便散居于世界各地。他们中的一些人去了希贾兹、塔伊夫和麦地那,另一些人则定居在瓦迪·古拉。还有一些人去了埃及,尼布甲尼撒致信埃及国王,要求交出逃往那里的人,但埃及国王拒绝了。于是尼布甲尼撒率军出征,与他交战,击败了他,并俘获了他们的子女。随后他一直进军到摩洛哥的最远处。他从摩洛哥、埃及、耶路撒冷、巴勒斯坦和约旦返回,带回了大批俘虏,其中就有但以理。
Ibn al-Kalbi said that since that time, the children of Israel were dispersed the world over. Some of them went to the Hijaz, Taif and Medina, and others settled in Wadi al Qura. Some went to Egypt, and Nabuchadnezzar wrote to its king, demanding those who had escaped thither, but he refused. So Nabuchadnezzar mounted his army and fought him. He defeated him and captured their children. Then he marched to the extreme of Morocco. He returned from Morocco, Egypt, Jerusalem, Palestine, and Jordan with many captives, and among them was Daniel.
伊本·卡勒比说,看来这位是以西结最小的儿子但以理,而不是年长的但以理,这是根据伊本·蒙巴赫的说法。真主至知。
Ibn al-Kalbi said that it appears that it was Daniel, the youngest son of Ezekiel, and not the elder Daniel, according to Ibn Munbah. Allah knows best.
耶利米沉睡一百年,耶路撒冷重建
Jeremiah Sleeps for 100 Years, Jerusalem is Rebuilt
哈希姆·本·卡勒比传述,至高的真主启示耶利米:"我将重建耶路撒冷,你去那里吧。"他前往,却发现那里一片荒芜。他心中暗想:
Hashim ibn Al-Kalbi reported that Allah the Exalted revealed to Jeremiah: "I am going to reconstruct Jerusalem, so go there." He went and found it devastated. He said to himself:
"真主至圣!真主吩咐我来到这座城,说祂正在重建它。真主何时才会重建它?何时才会让它重新复活?"然后他睡去了,他的驴也与他一同睡去,睡了七十年,直到尼布甲尼撒和统治他的国王——拉哈拉萨卜(他统治了一百二十年)——都已死去。拉哈拉萨卜之后由他的儿子巴什塔阿西卜继位(据《圣经·以斯拉记》第一章,这位就是波斯王古列)。尼布甲尼撒的死讯通过叙利亚(沙姆)传到了巴什塔阿西卜那里,当时那里已是一片废墟。巴勒斯坦的野兽大量繁衍,因为那里已没有人烟。于是巴什塔阿西卜向巴比伦的以色列子孙呼吁:"凡想要返回沙姆(叙利亚/巴勒斯坦)的人,可以回去。"当地由大卫家族中的一人统治,巴什塔阿西卜命令他重建耶路撒冷及其圣殿,于是他们返回并重建了它。随后,耶利米睁开眼睛,从七十年的沉睡中眨了眨眼,看见这座城正在被重建。他在那睡眠中一直待到满一百年。当真主唤醒他时,他以为自己只睡了不到一个小时。他曾见过这座城成为荒芜之地;当他看到它已被重建并有人居住时,他说:
"Exalted be Allah! Allah told me to come to this city and that He was reconstructing it. When will Allah rebuild it? And when will He bring it back to life?" Then he slept, and his donkey with him, for seventy years until Nebuchadnezzar and the king over him - Laharasab, who had ruled one hundred twenty years - had perished. Laharasab was succeeded by his son Bashtaasib (According to the Bible, Ezra 1, this would be King Cyrus of Persia). News of the death of Nebuchadnezzar had reached Bashtaasib through Sham (Syria), which was in utter ruin. the wild beats had multiplied in Palestine, for it had become empty of men. Bashtaasib therefore called to the children of Israel in Babylon: "Whoever wants to return to Sham (Syria/Palestine) may do so." It was ruled by one from the House of David, who was ordered by Bashtaasib to rebuild Jerusalem and its temple, so they returned and rebuilt it. Then Jeremiah opened his eyes, blinked from the seventy year sleep, and saw how the city was being reconstructed. He remained in that sleep of his until he had completed one hundred years. When Allah awoke him, he thought that he had slept no more than an hour. He had known the city as a devastated land; when he saw it rebuilt and populated, he said:
他赐予智慧给他所意欲的人;谁被赐予智慧,谁就确实得到了大量的福分。但只有有理智的人才会接受劝诫。 [2:269]
"He grants wisdom to whom He pleases, and he, to whom wisdom is granted, is indeed granted abundant good. But none remember (will receive admonition) except men of understanding." [2:269]
以色列在重建之后的历史
The History of Israel After its Rebuilding
伊本·阿尔-卡勒比说,以色列人定居于此,安拉使他们的荣耀得以重建。此后情况一直如此,直到罗马人在部落君王时代击败了他们;之后,随着基督教的出现,他们失去了自己的群体和权威。
Ibn Al-Kalbi said that the Israelites settled it, and Allah rebuilt their glory. It remained so until Rome vanquished them in the era of the tribal kings; then they lost their community and their authority after the appearance of Christianity.
这是伊本·贾里尔在他的《耶路撒冷史》中讲述他们故事的方式。他说,拉哈拉撒布是一位公正而有智慧的国王。人民、首领和诸王都服从他,他精于建造城市、运河和各种制度。当他年老体衰、无力统治时,已逾一百岁,他的儿子巴什塔阿撒布登上了王位。在他的统治期间,拜火教(al-Majusia)出现了。有一个名叫琐罗亚斯德(Zordahst)的人,曾是耶利米的同伴,他激怒了耶利米,于是耶利米诅咒了他。琐罗亚斯德患上了麻风病。他前往阿塞拜疆,投靠巴什塔阿撒布,强迫人们信奉此教,并杀害了许多不服从他的人。
This is how Ibn Jarir tells their story in his History of Jerusalem. He said that Laharasab was a just king and diplomatic. The people, cheifs, and kings obeyed him, and he was gifted in the construction of cities, canals and institutions. When he grew too weak to rule, after more than one hundred, his son Bashtaasib ascended to the throne. During his reign the religion of Zoroastrianism (alMajusia) appeared. A man named (Zoroaster) (Zordahst) had been a companion of Jeremiah and had angered him, so Jeremiah cursed him. Zoroaster became a leper. He went to the land of Azerbaijan, joined Bashtaasib forced peolple to embrace it and killed many people who disobeyed him.
在Bashtaasib之后,他的儿子Barman继位。他们是波斯著名而英勇的君王,尼布甲尼撒曾担任这三位君王的副手。他活了很长时间,愿真主惩罚他!伊本·贾里尔所记载的大意是,经过这个村庄的那个人或旅人就是耶利米。另有人说是何西阿(Ozir),这也是古人与后人的共识,但真主至知。
After Bashtaasib, his son Barman ruled. They were among the famous and heroic kings of Persia, and Nebuchadnezzar had been deputy to all three of them. He lived a long time, may Allah torment him! The essence of what has been written by Ibn Jarir is that the person or wayfarer passing through this village was Jeremia. Others say that it was Hosea (Ozir), and this is the consensus of the ancients and those after them, but Allah knows best.