Sistem Politik Islam
The Islamic Political System
Cara Barat menangani isu ini mungkin telah mendatangkan kerosakan terbesar kepada Ummah Islam kerana ia menyerang mekanisme yang melaksanakan sistem Islam itu sendiri.
The manner in which the West addressed this issue perhaps inflicted the greatest damage upon the Muslim Ummah because it struck at the very mechanism which implements the Islamic system.
Pada Zaman Pertengahan, negara-negara Barat menderita dengan amat teruk akibat sistem teokratik yang dikenakan ke atas mereka. Satu tindak balas yang keras timbul akibat penindasan yang dialami oleh Barat, yang menyebabkan sebahagian kumpulan menolak agama sama sekali. Bagi menyelesaikan konfrontasi ini, Barat merangka satu penyelesaian kompromi yang memisahkan Deen daripada urusan kehidupan, dan penyelesaian ini menjadi asas sekular bagi masyarakat Kapitalis Barat. Dengan pemisahan Gereja dan Negara serta penerimaan Kapitalisme selepas itu, Eropah memasuki fasa kemajuan yang pesat. Maka, tanggapan bahawa agama dan politik tidak boleh wujud bersama, dan bahawa mencampurkan kedua-duanya sama dengan kemunduran dan kejatuhan, menjadi asas utama dalam pemikiran politik Barat.
During the Middle Ages, the Western nations suffered tremendously as a result of the theocratic systems imposed upon them. A severe backlash erupted as a result of the oppression that the West experienced, which caused some groups to deny religion altogether. In order to resolve this confrontation, the West formulated a compromise solution which separated the Deen from the life affairs, and this solution became the Secular basis of Western Capitalist societies. With the separation of Church and State and the subsequent adoption of Capitalism, Europe entered a phase of rapid progress. Thus, the notion that religion and politics cannot coexist and that mixing the two is synonymous with backwardness and decline became a cornerstone in Western political thought.
Barat telah mengeksport gagasan ini kepada umat Islam dan dengan bijak memperdaya mereka sehingga mereka menganggap pengalaman sejarah yang dilalui Barat sebagai pengalaman sejagat yang terpakai kepada setiap agama atau Deen, termasuk Islam. Akibatnya, umat Islam mula memandang politik Islam dengan kaca mata yang sama seperti Barat memandang politik yang dicampur dengan Deen, iaitu sebagai campuran yang membawa maut. Dan sebagaimana Barat menganggap kemerosotan mereka sebagai hasil daripada percampuran agama dengan politik, umat Islam mula menganggap kemerosotan mereka sendiri sebagai akibat langsung daripada melaksanakan Islam dalam urusan kehidupan.
The West exported this notion to the Muslims and brilliantly deceived the Muslims into thinking that the historical experiences which the West encountered was a universal one which applied to every religion or Deen, including Islam. As a result, the Muslims began to view Islamic politics in the same light as the West viewed politics mixed with the Deen as a lethal cocktail. And just as the West perceived their decline as the result of mixing religion with politics, the Muslims began to perceive their own decline as the direct result of implementing Islam in the life affairs.
Masalah seperti ini sebenarnya boleh diringankan sekiranya umat Islam menyedari bahawa pengalaman Barat adalah khusus untuk Barat dan berpunca daripada faktor-faktor tertentu, iaitu: ketidakupayaan doktrin Kristian untuk menangani urusan kehidupan kerana doktrin asalnya bercampur dengan idea-idea ciptaan manusia dan bid'ah; hakikat bahawa hawa nafsu dan pendapat para ulama gereja, bukan doktrin Kristian itu sendiri, dijadikan asas pemerintahan; serta kesilapan cara orang Eropah cuba menyelesaikan dilema intelektual mereka, yang menghasilkan penyelesaian yang salah dan secara dasarnya bercanggah dengan dirinya sendiri. Tiada satu pun faktor ini boleh digeneralisasikan kepada Dunia Islam kerana teks Islam terbukti benar dan tidak pernah dicemari, yang menjadikan Islam mampu menangani urusan kehidupan pada setiap masa dan tempat. Islam, tidak seperti doktrin Kristian yang sedia ada di Eropah ketika itu, adalah konklusif dari sudut intelektual dan mengarahkan manusia untuk membina aqidahnya berdasarkan kaedah intelektual. Tambahan pula, aqidah Islam bersifat menyeluruh, dan daripadanya terbit satu sistem kehidupan yang menyeluruh. Oleh itu, tidak pernah wujud percanggahan antara realiti yang dirumuskan melalui akal dengan aqidah Islam. Sistem Islam juga menangani semua aspek kehidupan, tanpa meninggalkan satu aspek pun urusan kehidupan yang tidak terjawab. Kerana sifat-sifat unik aqidah Islam inilah, umat Islam tidak pernah mengalami "Zaman Gelap" sebagaimana yang dialami Barat. Kemerosotan yang dialami umat Islam adalah akibat salah faham terhadap Islam, yang berpunca daripada himpunan beberapa faktor, yang mana tiada satu pun berkaitan dengan faktor-faktor yang menyumbang kepada Zaman Gelap Eropah. Namun, Barat mengambil kesempatan atas kemerosotan umat Islam dan kekeliruan intelektual mereka dengan memperdaya mereka agar percaya bahawa kehadiran Islam dalam arena politik ialah punca utama kemerosotan mereka. Akibatnya, kaum Muslimin terpesong dalam memahami kemerosotan mereka serta isu kebangkitan dengan menjadikan Barat sebagai model, yang menyebabkan mereka menyeru agar Islam dipisahkan daripada urusan kehidupan, dan agar sistem politik Islam ditinggalkan kerana dianggap perlu untuk membangkitkan semula umat Islam.
Such a problem could have been easily alleviated if the Muslims realized that the experiences of the West were specific to the West and stemmed from certain factors, such as: The inability of the Christian doctrine to address the life affairs because of the original doctrine being mixed with manmade ideas and innovations; the fact that the whims and opinions of the clergy, and not even the Christian doctrine itself, was used as a basis for rule; and the incorrectness of the manner in which the Europeans attempted to resolve their intellectual dilemma, which produced an incorrect solution that inherently contradicted itself. None of these factors could be generalized to the Muslim World because the Islamic text is proven correct and was never polluted, which made Islam capable of addressing the life affairs at any time or place. And Islam, unlike the existing Christian doctrine in Europe at the time, is intellectually conclusive and directs the human being to build his Aqeedah based on the intellectual method. Furthermore, the Islamic Aqeedah is comprehensive in its nature, and from it emanates a comprehensive system of life. Therefore, there was never a conflict between the reality deduced from the intellect and the Islamic Aqeedah. And the Islamic System addresses all aspects of life, leaving no aspect of the life affairs unanswered. Because of these attributes that were unique to the Islamic Aqeedah, the Muslims never had a "Dark Ages" which the West experienced. The decline which the Muslims were undergoing was a result of misunderstanding Islam, which resulted from the accumulation of several factors, none of which had any relation to the factors contributing to the European Dark Ages. However, the West capitalized upon the decline of the Muslims and their intellectual confusion by misleading them to believe that the presence of Islam in the political arena was the central cause of their decline. As a result, the Muslims were diverted into perceiving their decline as well as the issue of revival using the West as a model, which caused them to call for the separation of Islam from the life affairs and abandoning the Islamic political system as necessary to revive the Muslims.
Hari ini, pemisahan Islam dan politik telah sangat berakar di kalangan umat Islam pada umumnya dan di kalangan ahli politik serta intelektual Muslim khususnya. Selain itu, dua faktor terkini memburukkan lagi masalah ini. Pertama, kurikulum pendidikan yang digubal oleh penjajah Barat, yang didedahkan kepada umat Islam, menggambarkan sejarah Islam di bawah Khilafah sebagai zaman yang kejam dan biadab, di mana dunia Islam dilanda konflik, ketidakstabilan dan pembunuhan tanpa henti sejurus selepas Zaman Sahabat. Para Khulafaa kebanyakannya digambarkan sebagai diktator haus darah yang sibuk dengan kemewahan dan wanita. Gambaran sedemikian telah begitu berjaya ditanamkan dalam minda umat Islam sehingga mereka mula memandang sejarah mereka dengan rasa malu, dengan anggapan bahawa Khilafah adalah sesuatu yang mencemarkan imej Islam. Di samping itu, buku-buku sejarah turut memuatkan kewujudan beberapa rejim di dunia Islam yang mendakwa diri mereka Islamik, serta tingkah laku parti-parti politik dan individu Muslim yang memainkan politik kotor yang sama seperti ciri politik Barat. Rejim-rejim tersebut, walaupun pada hakikatnya tidak lebih daripada rejim sekular yang melaksanakan serpihan Islam, tetap memberikan gambaran yang sangat negatif tentang Islam. Oleh kerana kebanyakan umat Islam tidak dapat membezakan antara apa yang membentuk sebuah negara Islam dengan negara-negara sedia ada yang mendakwa diri mereka Islamik, dan ketidakupayaan mereka membezakan antara politik yang dijalankan berdasarkan Islam dengan "politik atas nama Islam," rejim dan individu sedemikian selanjutnya meruntuhkan keyakinan umat Islam terhadap keupayaan Islam dalam menangani urusan kehidupan.
Today, the separation of Islam and politics has become deeply rooted among the Muslims in general and among Muslim politicians and intellectuals in particular. In addition, two recent factors compound the problem. First, the educational curricula laid down by the Western Colonialists which the Muslims were exposed to depicted the Islamic history under the Khilafah as a ruthless and barbaric era in which the Muslim world was engulfed in conflicts, instability, and endless killings immediately following the Era of the Sahabah. The Khulafaa were presented for the most part as bloodthirsty dictators preoccupied with lavishness and women. Such images were so successfully implanted in the minds of the Muslims that they began to view their history with shame, thinking that the Khilafah was something that spoiled the image of Islam. Added to the history books are the existence of some regimes in the Muslim world which claim themselves as Islamic, as well as the behavior of Muslim political parties and individuals who play the same dirty politics characteristic of Western politics. Such regimes, although they are nothing more than Secular regimes which apply fragments of Islam, nevertheless present a very negative portrayal of Islam. Because of the inability of most Muslims to distinguish between what constitutes an Islamic state and the existing states which claim themselves as Islamic, and their inability to differentiate between politics practiced based on Islam and "Politics in the name of Islam," such regimes and individuals further shatter the confidence of Muslims in Islam's ability to address the life's affairs.
Akibatnya, ramai orang Islam, kerana putus asa dan kecewa, memilih jalan mudah dengan memisahkan Islam daripada politik sama sekali.
As a result, many Muslims, out of despair and frustration, take the easy path and separate Islam from politics altogether.