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The Life Of Ibn Hanbal2 min readViewed 3 times

How His Body Was Washed And Shrouded


[Ṣāliḥ:] When my father died the streets filled with mourners. I sent word that I would bring his body out when the afternoon prayer was over. 81.1

Ibn Ṭāhir sent us his chamberlain Muẓaffar with bundles of cloth, perfumes, and a message: “The emir conveys his greetings and says, ‘I am doing what the Commander of the Faithful would do if he were here.’” I said, “Return the greeting and tell him that while Aḥmad was alive, he was exempt from doing anything he detested. I’m not going to inflict anything detestable on him now that he’s dead.” “Wrap him in this cloth,” he replied, “and put something else over it.” I repeated what I had said.

My father’s slave woman had spun a ten-cubit length of cloth worth twenty-eight dirhams to be used to make two shirts. From it we cut two strips to wrap him in.

Taking another strip from Fūrān, we had three layers of cloth to wrap the body.478 We bought the aromatics ourselves. An associate of ours who was a perfumer asked if he could send us some of his but I wouldn’t let him.

Meanwhile, someone had taken a jar of ours and poured water into it. I told them to tell Fūrān to buy a waterskin and fill the jar my father used to drink from, since he would never take anything from our houses.

When the body had been washed we wrapped it in the shrouds with some hundred members of the clan of Hāshim looking on. As soon as we got the body onto the bier they began kissing him on the forehead.

[Al-Marrūdhī:] As I was preparing to wash him, enough tribesmen of Hāshim arrived to fill the house. So we took him into his set of rooms, let down the door curtain, and covered him with a cloth while we worked. No outsiders were present for the washing of the corpse. When that was done, we prepared to shroud him, but the Hāshimīs pushed us aside, weeping, pushing their children forward over the body, and kissing it. Finally we got him onto the bier and bound him to it using strips of turban cloth. Ibn Ṭāhir had sent some shrouds but I sent them back. His uncle told the messenger, “He wouldn’t even let my slave fan him.” Someone else said, “He asked to be shrouded in his own clothes.” 81.2

In the end we shrouded him in a piece of Marawī fabric that he had been planning to make some clothes from. We added another piece to it and so wrapped him in three layers of cloth.

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Chapters (109)
  1. 1Foreword
  2. 2Acknowledgments
  3. 3Introduction
  4. 4The Life Of Ibn Hanbal
  5. 5Ibn Hanbal’s Birth And Family Background
  6. 6His Lineage
  7. 7His Childhood
  8. 8The Beginning Of His Search For Knowledge And The Journey He Undertook For That Purpose
  9. 9The Major Men Of Learning Whom He Met And On Whose Authority He Recited Hadith
  10. 10His Deference To His Teachers And His Respect For Learning
  11. 11His Eagerness To Learn And His Single-minded Pursuit Of Knowledge
  12. 12His Powers Of Retention And The Number Of Reports He Knew By Heart
  13. 13His Learning, His Intelligence, And His Religious Understanding
  14. 14Praise Of Him By His Teachers
  15. 15Teachers And Senior Men Of Learning Who Cite Him
  16. 16All The Men Of Learning Who Cite Him
  17. 17Praise Of Him By His Peers, His Contemporaries, And Those Close To Him In Age
  18. 18Praise Of Him By Prominent Successors Who Knew Him Well
  19. 19A Report That The Prophet Elijah Sent Him Greetings
  20. 20Reports That Al-khaḍir Spoke In His Praise
  21. 21Praise Of Him By Pious Strangers And Allies Of God
  22. 22Allies Of God Who Visited Him To Seek His Blessing
  23. 23His Fame
  24. 24His Creed
  25. 25His Insistence On Maintaining The Practices Of The Early Muslims
  26. 26His Reverence For Hadith Transmitters And Adherents Of The Sunnah
  27. 27His Shunning And Reviling Of Innovators And His Forbidding Others To Listen To Them
  28. 28His Seeking Of Blessings And Cures Using The Qurʾan And Water From The Well Of Zamzam, As Well As Some Hair And A Bowl That Belonged To The Prophet
  29. 29His Age When He Began Teaching Hadith And Giving Legal Opinions
  30. 30His Devotion To Learning And The Attitudes That Informed His Teaching
  31. 31His Works
  32. 32His Aversion To Writing Books Containing Opinions Reached Through The Exercise Of Independent Judgment At The Expense Of Transmitted Knowledge
  33. 33His Forbidding Others To Write Down Or Transmit His Words
  34. 34His Remarks On Sincerity, On Acting For The Sake Of Appearances, And On Concealing One’s Pious Austerities
  35. 35His Statements About Renunciation And Spiritual Weakness
  36. 36His Remarks On Different Subjects
  37. 37Poems He Recited Or Had Attributed To Him
  38. 38His Correspondence
  39. 39His Appearance And Bearing
  40. 40His Imposing Presence
  41. 41His Cleanliness And Ritual Purity
  42. 42His Kindness And His Consideration For Others
  43. 43His Forbearance And His Readiness To Forgive
  44. 44His Property And Means Of Subsistence
  45. 45His Refusal To Accept Help Even In Distress
  46. 46His Generosity
  47. 47His Accepting Gifts And Giving Gifts In Return
  48. 48His Renunciation
  49. 49His House And Furniture
  50. 50His Diet
  51. 51His Indulgences
  52. 52His Clothing
  53. 53His Scrupulosity
  54. 54His Shunning Appointment To Positions Of Authority
  55. 55His Love Of Poverty And His Affection For The Poor
  56. 56His Humility
  57. 57His Accepting Invitations And His Withdrawal Upon Seeing Things He Disapproved Of
  58. 58His Preference For Solitude
  59. 59His Wish To Live In Obscurity And His Efforts To Remain Unnoticed
  60. 60His Fear Of God
  61. 61His Preoccupation And Absentmindedness
  62. 62His Devotions
  63. 63His Performances Of The Pilgrimage
  64. 64His Extemporaneous Prayers And Supplications
  65. 65His Manifestations Of Grace And The Effectiveness Of His Prayers
  66. 66The Number Of Wives He Had
  67. 67His Concubines
  68. 68The Number Of His Children
  69. 69The Lives Of His Children And Descendants
  70. 70How And Why The Inquisition Began
  71. 71His Experience With Al-maʾmūn
  72. 72What Happened After The Death Of Al-maʾmūn
  73. 73His Experience With Al-muʿtaṣim
  74. 74His Reception By The Elders After His Release, And Their Prayers For Him
  75. 75His Teaching Of Hadith After The Death Of Al mu ʿtasim
  76. 76His Experience With Al-wathiq
  77. 77His Experience With Al-mutawakkil
  78. 78His Refusing Ibn Tahir’s Request To Visit Him
  79. 79What Happened When His Two Sons And His Uncle Accepted Gifts From The Authorities
  80. 80Some Major Figures Who Capitulated To The Inquisition
  81. 81His Comments On Those Who Capitulated
  82. 82Those Who Defied The Inquisition
  83. 83His Final Illness
  84. 84His Date Of Death And His Age When He Died
  85. 85How His Body Was Washed And Shrouded
  86. 86On Who Sought To Pray Over Him
  87. 87The Number Of People Who Prayed Over Him
  88. 88The Praising Of The Sunnah And The Decrying Of Innovation That Took Place During His Funeral Procession
  89. 89The Crowds That Gathered Around His Grave
  90. 90His Estate
  91. 91Reactions To His Death
  92. 92Reaction To His Death On The Part Of The Jinns
  93. 93On The Condolences Offered To His Family
  94. 94A Selection Of The Verses Spoken In Praise Of Him In Life And In Commemoration Of Him In Death
  95. 95His Dreams
  96. 96Dreams In Which He Appeared To Others
  97. 97Dreams In Which He Was Mentioned
  98. 98The Benefit Of Visiting His Grave
  99. 99The Benefit Of Being Buried Near Him
  100. 100The Punishments That Befall Anyone Who Attacks Him
  101. 101What To Think About Anyone Who Speaks Ill Of Him
  102. 102Why We Chose His Legal School Over The Others
  103. 103On The Excellence Of His Associates And Successors
  104. 104His Most Prominent Associates And Their Successors From His Time To Our Own
  105. 105[colophons]
  106. 106Notes
  107. 107Glossary Of Names And Terms
  108. 108Bibliography
  109. 109Further Reading