12 效仿先知的行为(at-tassi)
12 Emulating (at-tassi) the Actions of the Messenger (saw)
先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)的行为分为两类:属于他人性本质的行为,以及其他行为。凡属于他人性本质的行为,例如站立、坐下、饮水、进食等,无可争议地对他本人和他的乌玛都是允许的(mubah),因此不属于mandoob(推荐)行为的范畴。
The actions performed by the Prophet (saw) are of two kinds; the actions that are part of his human nature and other actions. Every action that is part of his nature, such as standing, sitting, drinking, and eating etc. are indisputably permitted (mubah) for both him and his Ummah. Consequently, they do not fall within the category of actions of the mandoob.
那些不属于他人性范畴的行为,要么是有证据证明专属于他个人的行为,即无人与他同行,要么是并非专属于他的行为。那些有证据证明专属于先知穆罕默德ﷺ的行为,例如允许他连续昼夜斋戒,以及允许他娶超过四位妻子等,这些行为是专属于他的,根据伊吉玛(公议)的证明,我们效仿他做这些事是哈拉目(非法)的,因为这些行为仅属于他,所以我们不被允许在这些行为上效仿他。
Those actions which are not part of his human nature are either of the actions that are proven to be specifically personal to him i.e. they are not practised by anyone else, or they are not personal to him. Those actions which are proven to be specifically personal to the Prophet (saw), such as the permission for him to fast continually through the day and night, and to marry more than four wives etc. are specific to him and it is haram for us to emulate him as it has been proven by Ijma'a that they are only specific to him, and thus we are not permitted to emulate him in these actions.