第25条 宪法:乌玛议会(Majlis al-Ummah)
25 Constitution: THE UMMAH ASSEMBLY (Majlis al-Ummah)
第101条
Article 101.
Majlis al-Ummah(乌玛议会)的成员是代表穆斯林向哈里发表达意见的人,在哈里发征询意见时发言。非穆斯林也被允许成为乌玛议会的成员,以便他们能够就统治者的不公正行为或伊斯兰法律的错误适用提出申诉。
The members of the Majlis al-Ummah are those people who represent the Muslims in respect of expressing their views to the Khaleefah when consulted. Non-Muslims are allowed to be members of the Majlis al-Ummah so that they can voice their complaints in respect to unjust acts performed by the rulers or the misapplication of the Islamic laws.
第一百零二条
Article 102.
乌玛议会的成员由民众选举产生。
The members of the Majlis al-Ummah are elected by the people.
第103条
Article 103.
每一位国民都有权成为乌玛议会(Majlis al-Ummah)的成员,前提是其成年且神智健全。这一规定同时适用于穆斯林和非穆斯林。然而,非穆斯林的成员身份仅限于就统治者的不公正行为,或伊斯兰教法对其不当适用,提出申诉。
Every citizen of the State has the right to become a member of the Majlis al-Ummah, provided he or she is both mature and sane. This applies to Muslim and non-Muslim. However, membership to non-Muslims is confined to their voicing of complaints in respect to unjust acts performed by the rulers or the misapplication of Islam upon them.
第104条
Article 104.
协商(Shura)及其所咨询之事,指的是在广义上寻求意见。这些意见在立法、定义、认定事实等理性事务,以及技术与科学事务中,并不具有约束力。然而,当哈里发在其他实际事务和不需要审查或研究的行动中进行协商时,这些意见则具有约束力。
Consultation (Shura) and the mashura are the seeking of views in absolute terms. These views are not binding in legislation, definitions, intellectual matters such as discovering the facts and the technical and scientific matters. However they are binding when the Khaleefah consults in other practical matters and actions that do not scrutiny or research.
第105条
Article 105.
所有公民,无论是否为穆斯林,都可以表达自己的观点,但协商(Shura)是穆斯林才享有的权利。
All citizens, Muslim or not, may express their views, but shura is a right for the Muslims only.
第106条。
Article 106.
凡属于有约束力的协商(shura)范围内的事务,当哈里发征求意见时,均以多数人的意见为准,无论该意见是否被认为是正确的。在其他协商事务中,则寻求正确的意见,无论它是多数人的观点还是少数人的观点。
All issues that fall under the binding shura, when the Khaleefah seeks opinion, are decided on the basis of the majority opinion, irrespective of whether it is considered to be correct or not. In all other matters of shura, the correct opinion is sought, whether it is a majority or minority held view.
第一百零七条
Article 107.
乌玛议会承担五项职责。它们是:
The Majlis al-Ummah is charged with five duties. They are:
1a. 被哈里发咨询,或就那些无需审查或研究的实际事务和行动向其提出建议,例如:治理事务、教育、卫生,以及经济、工业、农业等类似事务;在这些事务上,其意见具有约束力。
1a. To be consulted by the Khaleefah or to advice him on the practical matters and actions which do not need scrutiny or research, such as: affairs of ruling, education, health, and the economy, industry, farming and the like; and its opinion in that is binding.
1b. 然而,在需要审查与研究的事务,以及技术性事务、财政、军事和外交政策方面,哈里发有权将其提交给议会(Majlis)进行协商并征求意见;但议会在此类事务上的意见不具有约束力。
1b. However in the matters which require scrutiny and research and the technical matters, the financial, the millitary and the foreign policy, the Khaleefah has the right to refer to the majlis for consultation and seeking an opinion; however the opinion of majlis in such matters is not binding.
3. 议会有权就国家实际执行的一切行为对哈里发进行问责,无论这些行为属于内政、外交、财政、军事或其他事务。凡多数意见具有约束力之处,议会的意见具有约束力;凡多数意见不具约束力之处,议会的意见亦不具约束力。
3.The Majlis has the right to account the Khaleefah regarding all the actions that the state has actually executed , whether they were of the domestic or foreign matters , or the finance or the army and the like . The view of the Majlis is binding wherever the majority opinion is binding and not binding wherever the majority opinion is not.
4. 议会有权对助理、省长和市长表示不满;在此事上,议会的意见具有约束力,哈里发必须立即将他们罢免。
4. The Majlis has the right to express dissatisfaction with the assistants, governors, and mayors; and in this matter the view of the Majlis is binding and the Khaleefah must discharge them at once.
2. 哈里发可以将他打算采用的规则、宪法和法典提交给议会(Majlis)。议会中的穆斯林成员有权对其进行讨论并表达自己的意见,但他们的意见对哈里发不具有约束力。
2. The Khaleefah may refer to the Majlis the rules, the constitution and canons, that he intends to adopt. Muslimmembers of the Majlis have the right to discuss them and express their views about them , but their opinion is not binding.
5. 选定竞选哈里发职位的候选人名单;名单之外的人不得参选,且议会(Majlis)的决定具有约束力。只有议会中的穆斯林成员可以参与拟定该名单。
5. To select the list of candidates standing for the position of Khaleefah; no candidate excluded from this list may stand and the decision of the Majlis is binding. Only Muslim members of the majlis may participate in drawing up this list.