第六十六条

Article 66.

司法是以具有约束力的方式作出裁决。它平息人们之间的纷争，防止损害社会公共权利的行为，并消除民众与统治机构成员之间产生的纠纷——包括统治者和雇员，也包括哈里发以及级别较低的官员。

Judgeship is the pronouncement of the verdict in a binding way. It settles the disputes among people, prevents that which harms the community's rights and eliminates the disputes arising between people and members of the ruling apparatus - rulers and employees - including the Khaleefah and those of lesser rank.

第67条。

Article 67.

哈里发应任命一名首席法官，授权其在行政法规范围内任命、纪律处分和罢免法官。首席法官必须是成年穆斯林男子，神志清醒、公正并且是一名法学家。法院的其余工作人员归管理法院事务的管理局管辖。

The Khaleefah is to appoint a chief judge authorised to appoint, discipline, and dismiss judges within the administrative regulations. The chief judge must be a mature Muslim male who is sane, just and a jurist. The remaining employees of the courts come under the domain of the directorate that administers the court's affairs.

第68条

Article 68.

法官分为三类。他们是：

There are three types of judges. They are:

1. 在交易和刑罚方面裁决人们之间纠纷的法官；2. 裁决侵犯社群权利之违法行为的穆赫塔西卜（Muhtasib）；以及

1. The judge who settles the disputes among people in transactions and punishments; 2. The muhtasib who settles the violations of the community's rights; and.

3. 不公正行为法院（maHkamat ul-maDHalim）的法官，负责裁决民众与国家官员之间的争议。

3. The judge of the Court for the Unjust Acts (maHkamat ul-maDHalim) who settles disputes between people and officials of the State.

第69条

Article 69.

所有法官都必须具备以下条件:信奉伊斯兰教、成年、自由人、神智健全、公正(ʿadl),并且是懂得如何将规则应用于具体事件的法学家。maHkamat ul-maDHalim(申冤法庭)的法官除此之外,还必须是男性,并且是能够进行益智哈德(ijtihad)的穆贾塔希德(mujtahid),即有能力进行益智哈德的人。

All judges must be qualified by being Muslim, mature, free, sane, 'adl, and a jurist being aware of how to apply rules to incidents. Judges of maHkamat ul-maDHalim must additionally be qualified with being male and a mujtahid, i.e., a person capable of making ijtihad.

第七十条

Article 70.

法官与穆哈塔西卜（muhtasib）可以获得普遍任命，裁决全国范围内的所有问题；也可以获得特定地区的任命，只裁决特定的案件。另一方面，麦赫卡麦图勒-马兹拉姆（maHkamat ul-maDHalim）的法官必须获得普遍任命，裁决所有问题；但就地域而言，他可以被任命到某一特定地区，也可以被任命管辖全国。

The judge and the muhtasib may be given a general appointment to pronounce judgement on all problems throughout the State, or alternatively they can be given an appointment to a particular location and to give judgement on particular cases. On the other hand, the judge of the maHkamat ul-maDHalim must be given a general appointment to pronounce judgement on all problems, but in terms of location he may be appointed to a particular location or all over the State.

第71条

Article 71.

法庭应当仅由一名法官组成，由他独自拥有作出判决的权力。可以允许一名或多名法官陪同他，但他们只有提供建议和协助的权限。他们无权作出判决，其意见对拥有唯一判决权的法官没有约束力。

The courts should be comprised of only one judge who has the authority to pronounce verdict. One or more judges are however permitted to accompany him with only the authority of advising and assisting. They have no authority to pronounce verdict and their opinion is not binding on the judge who has the sole authority to give judgement.

第七十二条

Article 72.

法官只能在开庭审理时宣判。证据和誓言也只有在开庭审理时才会被采纳。

The judge cannot pronounce verdict except in a court session. Evidence and oaths are not considered except in a court session as well.

第73条。

Article 73.

可以根据案件的类型来划分法院的等级。因此，某些法官可以被指定审理特定等级的案件，而其他法院则有权审理其他案件。

It is permissible to vary the grades of courts in respect to the type of cases. Some judges may thus be assigned to certain cases of particular grades, and other courts authorised to judge the other cases.

第七十四条

Article 74.

不存在上诉法院或再审法院，因为所有判决的效力相同。因此，法官一经宣判，判决即生效，任何其他法官的裁决都不能推翻它，除非他未依伊斯兰教法裁决，违背了《古兰经》、圣训或圣门弟子公议中的明确经文，或者明显表明他的裁决与客观事实相悖。

There are no courts of appeal or cassation, because all judgements are of equal standing. Thus, once the judge has pronounced the verdict it becomes effective and no other judge's decision can overturn it, unless he judged with other than Islam , disagreed with a definite text in the Qur'an, Sunnah or Ijma'a as-sahabah or it appeared that he judged in contradictory to a true reality.

第75条

Article 75.

muhtasib（市场监察官）是这样一名法官：在没有具体诉讼当事人的情况下，负责调查所有涉及公共权利的非刑事案件，且这些案件不涉及胡杜德（即固定刑罚）。

The muhtasib is the judge who investigates all cases, in the absence of an individual litigation, involving the rights of the public that are non-criminal and not involving the hudud (i.e., the punishments.)

第七十六条

Article 76.

muhtasib（伊斯兰市场监督官）有权对违规行为作出裁决，无论违规发生在何处，只要他知悉这些违规行为，便无需开庭审理。若干名警察交由muhtasib调遣，以执行其命令，并立即落实其裁决。

The muhtasib has the authority to judge upon violations, wherever is the location one he acquired knowledge of these violations without the need to hold a court session. A number of policemen are put at the muhtasib's disposal to carry out his orders and to execute his verdicts immediately.

第七十七条

Article 77.

muhtasib（监察官）有权为自己委任副手，这些副手具备与muhtasib相同的资格，并可被派往不同地点，在其所分派的地区和事务中行使与muhtasib相同的权力。

The muhtasib has the right to appoint deputies to himself, that possess the same qualifications as the muhtasib, and to assign them to various locations where they exercise the same authority as the muhtasib in the location and the cases assigned to them.

第78条。

Article 78.

负责马哈卡玛图·马扎利姆（maHkamat ul-maDHalim）的法官被任命，用以消除哈里发、总督或国家任何官员对生活在国家境内的任何人（无论其是否为公民）所施加的一切不公正行为。

The judge of the maHkamat ul-maDHalim is appointed to remove all unjust acts, committed by the Khaleefah, governor(s), or any official of the State, that have been inflicted upon anyone - whether that person is a citizen or not - living in the domain of the State.

第79条

Article 79.

在不公审理法庭（маḥkamat al-maẓālim）中，法官由哈里发或首席法官任命。至于对他们的问责、惩戒和罢免，则由哈里发、不公审理法庭，或经哈里发授权的首席法官执行。然而，若该法官因对哈里发、授权代理人（mu'āwin at-tafwīḍ）或首席法官的不公行为而正在受审，则不得在调查期间将其罢免。

Judges in the maHkamat ul-maDhalim of Injustice are appointed by the Khaleefah or the chief judge. As for their accounting , disciplining and dismissal, this is carried by the Khaleefah, the maHkamat ul-maDHalim or the chief judge if authorised by the Khaleefah to do so. However, it is not allowed to dismiss him during his investigation in an unjust act against the Khaleefah, mua'win ut-tafweeDH or the chief judge.

第八十条

Article 80.

对于"不公正行为"（Al-Maẓālim）的审理法官人数并无限制。哈里发可以根据需要任命其认为必要的人数，以消除不公正行为。虽然允许多名法官同时出席一次庭审，但只有一名法官有权宣布判决。其他法官仅起协助和提供建议的作用，他们的建议对有权宣判的法官并无约束力。

There is no limit on the number of judges that can be appointed for the Unjust Acts. The Khaleefah can appoint as many as he may deem necessary to eradicate the unjust acts. Although it is permitted for more than one judge to sit in a court session, only one judge has the authority to pronounce a verdict. The other judges only assist and provide advice, and their advice is not binding on the judge authorised to pronounce the verdict.

第81条。

Article 81.

马哈卡玛·马达利姆（Mahkamat ul-Maḍālim，申诉法院）有权罢免国家的任何统治者、总督和官员，包括哈里发。

The maHkamat ul-maDHalim has the authority to dismiss any ruler, governor and official of the State, including the Khaleefah.

第八十二条

Article 82.

maHkamat ul-maDHalim（申冤法庭）有权调查任何不公正的案件，无论其是否涉及国家官员、哈里发偏离伊斯兰教法规定的行为、宪法中立法文本的解释、在哈里发所采纳框架内对律例和教法规则的解释，还是税收的征收等。

The maHkamat ul-maDHalim has the authority to investigate any case of iniquity, whether it be connected with officials of the State, the Khaleefah's deviation from the divine rules, interpretation of the legislative texts in the constitution, canons and divine rules within the framework adopted by the Khaleefah or the imposition of a tax, etc.

第83条

Article 83.

不公行为的司法管辖权并不受限于庭审或被告的请求，也不以原告的出庭为前提。它有权审理任何不公正的案件，即使没有原告。

The judicature of the Unjust Acts is not restricted by a court session or the request of the defendant or the presence of the plaintiff. It has the authority to look into any case of injustice even if there is no plaintiff.

第84条

Article 84.

每一方当事人，无论是被告还是原告，都有权委托一名代理人代表自己行事，代理人可以是男性或女性，可以是穆斯林或非穆斯林。在此问题上，委托人与代理人之间没有区别。代理人有权依照委托人与其代理人之间约定的条款，领取报酬。

Everyone, both defendant and plaintiff, has the right to appoint a proxy, whether male or female, Muslim or not, to act on his or her behalf. There is no distinction in this matter between the mandator and the proxy. The proxy has the right to be appointed on a salary according to the terms agreed upon between the mandator and his or her proxy.

第85条

Article 85.

可以让担任职务的人（如哈里发、wali、官员、muhtasib，以及不公正行为法庭的法官，或被赋予特定职责的人，如监护人或保护人）在其职权范围内，指定一人代其担任职位，以代表其作为原告或被告出庭，除此之外别无其他目的。

It is permitted for the one who holds office, such as the Khaleefah, wali, official, muhtasib and judge of the Court for the Unjust Acts, or persons who have been vested with a specific responsibility, like a custodian or guardian, to appoint a person to his position as a proxy - within the bounds of his authority - for the purpose of appearing on his/her behalf as the plaintiff or defendant, and for no other reason.