Ahkam shar'iyyah sun kasu zuwa: fard (wajibi), haram (haramun), mandub (wanda ake so), makruh (abin ki) da mubah (abin halal). Hukmin shar'i shi ne ko dai umarni da yin aiki, ko kuma umarni da kauracewa aiki. Idan umarnin yin aikin (amr) yana da tabbaci (jazim), to ana kiransa fard ko wajib. Wadannan kalmomi biyu ma'ana daya suke da ita. Idan umarnin yin aiki ba shi da tabbaci, to ana kiransa mandub. Idan umarnin kauracewa aiki yana da tabbaci, to ana kiransa haram ko mahzur, wadannan kalmomi biyu ma'ana daya suke da ita. Amma idan umarnin kauracewa aiki ba shi da tabbaci (ghair jazim), to ana kiransa makruh. Saboda haka, game da fard/wajib, wanda ya yi shi ana yabonsa, wanda kuma ya kauracewa shi ana zarginsa. Wanda ya yi sakaci da yin fard ya cancanci a hukunta shi. Wanda ya aikata haram ana zarginsa, wanda kuma ya kauracewa shi ana yabonsa. Wanda ya aikata haram ya cancanci a hukunta shi. Wanda ya yi mandub ana yabonsa kuma ana ba shi lada, wanda kuma ya kauracewa shi ba a zarginsa, wato ana ba shi lada saboda yin aikin, kuma ba a hukunta shi saboda kauracewa shi ba. Wanda bai aikata abin makruh ba ana yabonsa kuma ana ba shi lada, wato kauracewa makruh shi ne abin fifiko. Mubah shi ne abin da dalilin sam'i (nassi) ya nuna cewa maganar Mai Shari'a tana nufin zabi tsakanin yin aiki ko kauracewa shi.

The AHkam shar’aiah are divided into: the fard (compulsory), the haram (prohibited), the mandoob (recommended), the makruh (undesirable) and the Mubah (permissible). The Hukm shar’ai is either an order to perform an action or to abstain from performing an action. If the order (amr) to perform the action is decisive (jazim), then it is classified as fard or wajib. Both these terms are synonymous. If the amr to do an action is indecisive, it is classified as mandoob. If the order to abstain is decisive, it is classified as haram or maHzur which are synonymous, whereas if the order to abstain is indecisive (ghair jazim), it is classified as Makruh. Thus, with the fard/wajib, the performer is praised and the one who abstains from it is condemned. The person who neglects to perform the fard deserves to be punished. The person who performs the haram is condemned and the one who abstains from it is praised. The person who performs the haram deserves to be punished. The person who performs the mandoob is praised and rewarded and the one who abstains is not condemned i.e. he is rewarded for performing the action and not punished for abstaining from it. The person who does not perform the makruh action is praised and rewarded i.e. abstaining from the makruh is preferable. The mubah is which the daleel as-Sam'ai (textual evidence) shows that the speech of the Legislator implies the choice between performing an action or abstaining from it.