Jim kaɗan bayan hijirarsa zuwa Madina, kuma bayan ya tabbatar da cewa ginshiƙan sabuwar al'ummar Musulunci sun tsaya kan tushe masu ƙarfi na haɗin kai na gudanarwa, siyasa da akida, Annabi ﷺ ya fara kafa dangantaka ta yau da kullum kuma bayyananniya da waɗanda ba Musulmi ba. Duk waɗannan ƙoƙari an yi su ne kawai don samar da zaman lafiya, tsaro da wadata ga dukkan ɗan adam baki ɗaya, da kuma kawo ruhin fahimta da jituwa a yankinsa, musamman.

Soon after emigrating to Madinah and making sure that the pillars of the new Islamic community were well established on strong bases of administrative, political and ideological unity, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) commenced to establish regular and clearly-defined relations with non-Muslims. All of these efforts were exerted solely to provide peace, security, and prosperity to all mankind at large, and to bring about a spirit of rapport and harmony within his region, in particular.

Dangane da wuri, mutanen da suka fi kusa da Madina su ne Yahudawa. Duk da cewa suna ɓoye mugun nufi, suna kuma riƙe da ƙiyayya mai zafi, ba su nuna wata adawa ba, ba kuma ko kaɗan wani ƙiyayya ba. Annabi ﷺ ya yanke shawarar kulla yarjejeniya da su, tare da sharuɗɗan da suka tabbatar musu cikakken 'yanci a addini da dukiya. Ba shi da niyyar bin manufofi masu tsanani kamar korarsu, ƙwace dukiyarsu da filayensu, ko yin gaba da su ta kowace hanya.

Geographically, the closest people to Madinah were the Jews. Whilst harbouring evil intentions, and nursing bitter grudge, they showed not the least resistance nor the slightest animosity. The Prophet decided to ratify a treaty with them with clauses that provided full freedom in faith and wealth. He had no intention whatsoever of following severe policies involving banishment, seizure of wealth and land or hostility.

Yarjejeniyar ta zo ne a cikin yanayin wata yarjejeniya ta wani tsari mafi girma da ya shafi dangantaka tsakanin Musulmi da juna.

The treaty came within the context of another one of a larger framework relating to inter-Muslim relationships.

Mafi muhimmancin tanadin yarjejeniyar sune kamar haka:

The most important provisions of the treaty are the following:

Yahudawan Banu 'Awf al'umma ɗaya ne tare da muminai. Yahudawa za su yi addininsu, Musulmi kuma nasu.

1. The Jews of Bani ‘Awf are one community with the believers. The Jews will profess their religion, and the Muslims theirs.

Yahudawa za su ɗauki alhakin kashe kuɗinsu, Musulmi kuma nasu.

2. The Jews shall be responsible for their expenditure, and the Muslims for theirs.

3. Idan wani ɓangare na uku ya kai hari, kowa daga cikinsu zai zo don taimakon ɗayan.

3. If attacked by a third party, each shall come to the assistance of the other.

4. Kowane ɓangare zai yi shawara da ɗayan. Dangantaka a tsakaninsu za ta kasance bisa adalci da gaskiya; an kawar da zunubi gaba ɗaya.

4. Each party shall hold counsel with the other. Mutual relation shall be founded on righteousness; sin is totally excluded.

5. Babu wanda zai aikata zunubi don cutar da ɗayan.

5. Neither shall commit sins to the prejudice of the other.

6. Za a taimaka wa wanda aka zalunta.

6. The wronged party shall be aided.

7. Yahudawa za su ba da gudummawa ga kuɗin yaƙi muddin suna yaƙi tare da muminai.

7. The Jews shall contribute to the cost of war so long as they are fighting alongside the believers.

8. Madina za ta kasance mai tsarki da kuma wanda ba a iya cin zarafinsa ga dukkan wadanda suka shiga cikin wannan yarjejeniya.

8. Madinah shall remain sacred and inviolable for all that join this treaty.

9. Idan wata sabani ya taso tsakanin wadanda suka sanya hannu a wannan yarjejeniya, to Allah, Madaukakin Sarki, da Manzonsa ﷺ ne zasu warware takaddama.

9. Should any disagreement arise between the signatories to this treaty, then Allâh, the All-High and His Messenger shall settle the dispute.

10. Waɗanda suka sanya hannu a kan wannan yarjejeniya za su ƙaurace wa Quraish ta fuskar kasuwanci; haka kuma za su guji ba su duk wani taimako.

10. The signatories to this treaty shall boycott Quraish commercially; they shall also abstain from extending any support to them.

1. Kowane ɗaya daga cikinsu zai ba da gudummawa wajen kare Madina, idan an kai hari daga waje, a yankinsa.

11. Each shall contribute to defending Madinah, in case of a foreign attack, in its respective area.

12. Wannan yarjejeniya ba za ta hana kowane ɓangare neman ramako na halal ba.

12. This treaty shall not hinder either party from seeking lawful revenge.

Madina da unguwanninta, bayan amincewa da wannan yarjejeniya, sun zama jiha ta haɗin gwiwa, inda Madina kanta ta zama babban birni, Muhammad ﷺ kuma ya zama 'shugaba'; ikon mulki ya fi kasancewa a hannun Musulmai, saboda haka ta zama babban birni na gaskiya na Musulunci. Domin faɗaɗa yankin zaman lafiya da tsaro, Annabi ﷺ ya fara shiga irin waɗannan yarjejeniyoyi da sauran kabilun da ke zaune kewaye da 'jiharsa'.

Madinah and its suburbs, after the ratification of this treaty, turned into a coalition state, with Madinah proper as capital and Muhammad (Peace be upon him) as ‘president’; authorities lay mainly in the hand of the Muslims, and consequently it was a real capital of Islam. To expand the zone of peace and security the Prophet (Peace be upon him) started to enter into similar treaties with other tribes living around ‘his state’.