Dangane da nasabar Annabi Muhammad ﷺ, akwai nau'i uku na bayani: Na farko, masana tarihin rayuwa da masu binciken nasaba sun tabbatar da shi, kuma yana nuna cewa an iya gano nasabar Muhammad ﷺ zuwa ga 'Adnan. Na biyu yana fuskantar sabani da shakku, kuma yana komawa da nasabarsa fiye da 'Adnan zuwa ga Ibrahim. Na uku, wanda wasu sassansa ba daidai ba ne tabbas, yana komawa da nasabarsa fiye da Ibrahim zuwa ga Adamu (Aminci ya tabbata a gare shi).

With respect to the lineage of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him), there are three versions: The first was authenticated by biographers and genealogists and states that Muhammad’s genealogy has been traced to ‘Adnan. The second is subject to controversies and doubt, and traces his lineage beyond ‘Adnan back to Abraham. The third version, with some parts definitely incorrect, traces his lineage beyond Abraham back to Adam (Peace be upon him).

Bayan wannan saurin bita, yanzu ana ganin ana bukatar cikakkun bayanai masu yawa.

After this rapid review, now ample details are believed to be necessary.

Sashe na farko: Muhammad ɗan ‘Abdullah ɗan ‘Abdul-Muɗɗalib (wanda ake kira Shaiba) ɗan Hashim, (mai suna ‘Amr) ɗan ‘Abd Munaf (wanda ake kira Al-Mugheera) ɗan Qusai (wanda kuma ake kira Zaid) ɗan Kilab ɗan Murra ɗan Ka‘b ɗan Lo’i ɗan Ghalib ɗan Fahr (wanda ake kira Quraish, kuma kabilarsa aka sanya mata suna da shi) ɗan Malik ɗan An-Nadr (wanda ake kira Qais) ɗan Kinana ɗan Khuzaiman ɗan Mudrikah (wanda ake kira ‘Amir) ɗan Elias ɗan Mudar ɗan Nizar ɗan Ma‘ad ɗan ‘Adnan.

The first part: Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul-Muttalib (who was called Shaiba) bin Hashim, (named ‘Amr) bin ‘Abd Munaf (called Al-Mugheera) bin Qusai (also called Zaid) bin Kilab bin Murra bin Ka‘b bin Lo’i bin Ghalib bin Fahr (who was called Quraish and whose tribe was called after him) bin Malik bin An-Nadr (so called Qais) bin Kinana bin Khuzaiman bin Mudrikah (who was called ‘Amir) bin Elias bin Mudar bin Nizar bin Ma‘ad bin ‘Adnan.

Kashi na biyu: ‘Adnan bin Add bin Humaisi‘ bin Salaman bin Aws bin Buz bin Qamwal bin Obai bin ‘Awwam bin Nashid bin Haza bin Bildas bin Yadlaf bin Tabikh bin Jahim bin Nahish bin Makhi bin Aid bin ‘Abqar bin ‘Ubaid bin Ad-Da‘a bin Hamdan bin Sanbir bin Yathrabi bin Yahzin bin Yalhan bin Ar‘awi bin Aid bin Deshan bin Aisar bin Afnad bin Aiham bin Muksar bin Nahith bin Zarih bin Sami bin Mazzi bin ‘Awda bin Aram bin Qaidar bin Ishmael ɗan Ibrahim (Aminci ya tabbata a gare su).

The second part: ‘Adnan bin Add bin Humaisi‘ bin Salaman bin Aws bin Buz bin Qamwal bin Obai bin ‘Awwam bin Nashid bin Haza bin Bildas bin Yadlaf bin Tabikh bin Jahim bin Nahish bin Makhi bin Aid bin ‘Abqar bin ‘Ubaid bin Ad-Da‘a bin Hamdan bin Sanbir bin Yathrabi bin Yahzin bin Yalhan bin Ar‘awi bin Aid bin Deshan bin Aisar bin Afnad bin Aiham bin Muksar bin Nahith bin Zarih bin Sami bin Mazzi bin ‘Awda bin Aram bin Qaidar bin Ishmael son of Abraham (Peace be upon them).

Sashi na uku: bayan Ibrahim (Amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi), Ibn Tarih (Azar) bin Nahur bin Saru‘ bin Ra‘u bin Falikh bin Abir bin Shalikh bin Arfakhshad bin Sam bin Nuhu (Amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi), bin Lamik bin Mutwashlack bin Akhnukh [wanda aka ce shi ne Annabi Idris (Enoch) (Amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi) bin Yarid bin Mahla’il bin Qabin Anusha bin Shith bin Adam (Amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi)

The third part: beyond Abraham (Peace be upon him) , Ibn Tarih (Azar) bin Nahur bin Saru‘ bin Ra‘u bin Falikh bin Abir bin Shalikh bin Arfakhshad bin Sam bin Noah (Peace be upon him) , bin Lamik bin Mutwashlack bin Akhnukh [who was said to be Prophet Idris (Enoch) (Peace be upon him) bin Yarid bin Mahla’il bin Qabin Anusha bin Shith bin Adam (Peace be upon him)

Iyalan Annabi Muhammad ﷺ ana kiransu da suna Iyalan Hashimawa, bisa sunan kakansa Hashim bin ‘Abd Munaf. Bari yanzu mu ɗan yi magana kaɗan game da Hashim da zuriyarsa.

The family of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) is called the Hashimite family after his grandfather Hashim bin ‘Abd Munaf. Let us now speak a little about Hashim and his descendants:

1. Hashim: Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, shi ne yake da alhakin ba alhazai abinci da ruwa. Wannan aiki ne da yake yi tun lokacin da 'ya'yan ‘Abd Munaf da na ‘Abd Ad-Dar suka amince su raba ayyukan da ke tsakaninsu. Hashim mutum ne mai dukiya kuma mai gaskiya. Shi ne na farko da ya ba alhazai burodi da aka jika a miya. Sunansa na farko ‘Amr ne, amma aka kira shi Hashim saboda yana yin al'adar murza burodi (don alhazai). Shi ne kuma mutum na farko da ya fara tafiye-tafiyen Quraish guda biyu na bazara da na hunturu. An ruwaito cewa ya tafi Sham a matsayin dan kasuwa. A Madina ya auri Salma, 'yar ‘Amr daga Bani ‘Adi bin An-Najjar. Ya zauna da ita a Madina na wani lokaci, sannan ya sake komawa Sham yayin da take da ciki. Ya rasu a Ghazza da ke Falasdinu a shekara ta 497 bayan haihuwar Annabi Isa. Daga baya, matarsa ta haifi ‘Abdul-Muttalib, ta sanya masa suna Shaiba saboda farin gashin da yake da shi a kansa, kuma ta rene shi a gidan mahaifinta a Madina. Babu wani daga cikin danginsa a Makka da ya san da haihuwarsa. Hashim yana da 'ya'ya maza hudu: Asad, Abu Saifi, Nadla da ‘Abdul-Muttalib, da 'ya'ya mata biyar: Ash-Shifa, Khalida, Da‘ifa, Ruqyah da Jannah.

1. Hashim: As we have previously mentioned, he was the one responsible for giving food and water to the pilgrims. This had been his charge when the sons of ‘Abd Munaf and those of ‘Abd Ad-Dar compromised on dividing the charges between them. Hashim was wealthy and honest. He was the first to offer the pilgrims sopped bread in broth. His first name was ‘Amr but he was called Hashim because he had been in the practice of crumbling bread (for the pilgrims). He was also the first man who started Quraish’s two journeys of summer and winter. It was reported that he went to Syria as a merchant. In Madinah, he married Salma — the daughter of ‘Amr from Bani ‘Adi bin An-Najjar. He spent some time with her in Madinah then he left for Syria again while she was pregnant. He died in Ghazza in Palestine in 497 A.D. Later, his wife gave birth to ‘Abdul-Muttalib and named him Shaiba for the white hair in his head , and brought him up in her father’s house in Madinah. None of his family in Makkah learned of his birth. Hashim had four sons; Asad, Abu Saifi, Nadla and ‘Abdul-Muttalib, and five daughters Ash-Shifa, Khalida, Da‘ifa, Ruqyah and Jannah.

2. ‘Abdul-Muttalib: Mun riga mun sani cewa bayan rasuwar Hashim, aikin ciyar da alhazai da samar musu da ruwa ya koma ga ɗan’uwansa Al-Muttalib bin ‘Abd Munaf (wanda mutum ne mai gaskiya, mai karimci kuma amintacce). Lokacin da ‘Abdul-Muttalib ya kai shekarun yaro, kawunsa Al-Muttalib ya ji labarinsa, sai ya tafi Madinah don ya ɗauke shi. Da ya ganshi, hawaye suka cika idanunsa suka zubo a kumatunsa, ya rungume shi, ya hau da shi kan raƙumansa. Amma yaron ya ƙi tafiya tare da shi zuwa Makkah sai ya samu izinin mahaifiyarsa. Al-Muttalib ya roƙe ta ta bar yaron ya tafi tare da shi zuwa Makkah, amma ta ƙi. Ya yi nasarar lallashinta yana cewa: “Ɗanki zai tafi Makkah ne don ya dawo da ikon mahaifinsa, kuma ya zauna kusa da Ka’aba mai tsarki.” A Makkah, mutane sun yi mamakin ganin ‘Abdul-Muttalib, suka ɗauka bawan Muttalib ne. Al-Muttalib ya ce: “Ɗan ɗan’uwana Hashim ne.” An rene yaron a gidan Al-Muttalib, amma daga baya Al-Muttalib ya rasu a Bardman da ke Yemen, sai ‘Abdul-Muttalib ya karɓi jagorancin, ya yi nasarar kiyaye martabar mutanensa, kuma ya zarce kakanninsa a kyawawan halayensa, abin da ya sa Makkah ta ƙaunace shi sosai kuma ta girmama shi ƙwarai.

Bayan mutuwar Al-Muttalib, Nawfal ya kwace wa ‘Abdul-Muttalib waɗanda yake riƙe da su, sai ya nemi taimako daga Quraish amma sun ƙi ba kowannensu wani irin taimako. Saboda haka ya rubuta wa kawunansa na Bani An-Najjar (’yan’uwan mahaifiyarsa) su zo su taimake shi. Kawunsa Abu Sa‘d bin ‘Adi (ɗan’uwan mahaifiyarsa) ya nufi Makkah a kan dawakai tamanin, ya kafa sansani a Abtah a Makkah. ‘Abdul-Muttalib ya tarbi mutanen ya gayyace su zuwa gidansa, amma Abu Sa‘d ya ce: “Ba kafin in gana da Nawfal ba.” Ya samu Nawfal zaune tare da wasu dattawan Quraish a inuwar Al-Ka‘bah. Abu Sa‘d ya zare takobinsa ya ce: “Na rantse da Allah cewa idan ba ka mayar wa jikana abin da ka kwace ba, zan kashe ka da wannan takobi.” Ta haka Nawfal ya tilastu ya bar abin da ya kwace, kuma manyan Quraish suka zama shaidu ga maganarsa. Abu Sa‘d ya je gidan ‘Abdul-Muttalib inda ya zauna kwana uku, ya yi ‘Umra, sa’an nan ya koma Madinah. Daga baya, Nawfal ya shiga ƙawance da Bani ‘Abd Shams bin ‘Abd Munaf a kan Bani Hashim. Lokacin da Khuza‘a, wata kabila, ta ga goyon bayan Bani An-Najjar ga ‘Abdul-Muttalib, sai suka ce: “Shi ɗanmu ne kamar yadda yake naku. Mu muna da dalilai fiye da ku na goya masa baya.” Mahaifiyar ‘Abd Munaf na cikinsu. Suka shiga Dar An-Nadwa, suka shiga ƙawance da Bani Hashim a kan Bani ‘Abd Shams da Nawfal. Wannan ƙawance ne da daga baya ya zama babban dalilin fatar Makkah. ‘Abdul-Muttalib ya shaida abubuwa biyu masu muhimmanci a rayuwarsa, wato haƙo rijiyar Zamzam da yaƙin giwaye.

3. When Al-Muttalib died, Nawfal usurped ‘Abdul-Muttalib of his charges, so the latter asked for help from Quraish but they abstained from extending any sort of support to either of them. Consequently, he wrote to his uncles of Bani An-Najjar (his mother’s brothers) to come to his aid. His uncle, Abu Sa‘d bin ‘Adi (his mother’s brother) marched to Makkah at the head of eighty horsemen and camped in Abtah in Makkah. ‘Abdul-Muttalib received the men and invited them to go to his house but Abu Sa‘d said: “Not before I meet Nawfal.” He found Nawfal sitting with some old men of Quraish in the shade of Al-Ka‘bah. Abu Sa‘d drew his sword and said: “I swear by Allâh that if you don’t restore to my nephew what you have taken, I will kill you with this sword.” Nawfal was thus forced to give up what he had usurped, and the notables of Quraish were made to witness to his words. Abu Sa‘d then went to ‘Abdul-Muttalib’s house where he stayed for three nights, made ‘Umra and left back for Madinah. Later on, Nawfal entered into alliance with Bani ‘Abd Shams bin ‘Abd Munaf against Bani Hashim. When Khuza‘a, a tribe, saw Bani An-Najjar’s support to ‘Abdul-Muttalib they said: “He is our son as he is yours. We have more reasons to support him than you.” ‘Abd Munaf’s mother was one of them. They went into An-Nadwa House and entered into alliance with Bani Hashim against Bani ‘Abd Shams and Nawfal. It was an alliance that was later to constitute the main reason for the conquest of Makkah. ‘Abdul-Muttalib witnessed two important events in his lifetime, namely digging Zamzam well and the Elephant raid.

4. ‘Abdullah: Shi ne mahaifin Annabi Muhammad ﷺ. Mahaifiyarsa ita ce Fatimah, 'yar ‘Amr bin ‘A’idh bin ‘Imran bin Makhzum bin Yaqdha bin Murra. ‘Abdullah shi ne mafi wayo a cikin 'ya'yan ‘Abdul-Muttalib, mafi tsarki kuma mafi soyuwa. Shi ne kuma dan da kibiyoyin duba suka nuna a yi wa Al-Ka‘bah hadaya da shi. Lokacin da ‘Abdul-Muttalib ya samu 'ya'ya goma, suka kai shekarun balaga, ya bayyana musu alkawarinsa na sirri, sai suka amince cikin biyayya ba tare da musu ba. An rubuta sunayensu a kan kibiyoyin duba, aka ba mai kula da gunkinsu mafi soyuwa, Hubal. Aka girgiza kibiyoyin, aka zaro. Kibiya ta nuna cewa ‘Abdullah ne za a yi wa hadaya. ‘Abdul-Muttalib ya dauki yaron zuwa Al-Ka‘bah da wukake domin ya yanka shi. Sai dai Quraish, kawunansa daga kabilar Makhzum, da dan'uwansa Abu Talib, suka yi kokarin hana shi cika niyyarsa. Sannan ya nemi shawararsu game da alkawarinsa. Suka ba shi shawarar ya kira wata bokanya mai duba domin ta yanke hukunci. Ta umarce shi da a zaro kibiyoyin duba dangane da ‘Abdullah da kuma rakuma goma. Ta kara da cewa a maimaita zana kibiyoyin tare da karin rakuma goma duk lokacin da kibiya ta nuna ‘Abdullah. Aka ci gaba da haka har adadin rakuman ya kai dari. A lokacin ne kibiya ta nuna rakuman, don haka aka yanka su duka (domin Hubal ya yarda) maimakon dansa. An bar rakuman da aka yanka domin kowa ya ci daga cikinsu, mutum ko dabba.

4. ‘Abdullah: The father of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him). His mother was Fatimah, daughter of ‘Amr bin ‘A’idh bin ‘Imran bin Makhzum bin Yaqdha bin Murra. ‘Abdullah was the smartest of ‘Abdul-Muttalib’s sons, the chastest and the most loved. He was also the son whom the divination arrows pointed at to be slaughtered as a sacrifice to Al-Ka‘bah. When ‘Abdul-Muttalib had ten sons and they reached maturity, he divulged to them his secret vow in which they silently and obediently acquiesced. Their names were written on divination arrows and given to the guardian of their most beloved goddess, Hubal. The arrows were shuffled and drawn. An arrow showed that it was ‘Abdullah to be sacrificed. ‘Abdul-Muttalib then took the boy to Al-Ka‘bah with a razor to slaughter the boy. Quraish, his uncles from Makhzum tribe and his brother Abu Talib, however, tried to dissuade him from consummating his purpose. He then sought their advice as regards his vow. They suggested that he summon a she-diviner to judge whereabout. She ordered that the divination arrows should be drawn with respect to ‘Abdullah as well as ten camels. She added that drawing the lots should be repeated with ten more camels every time the arrow showed ‘Abdullah. The operation was thus repeated until the number of the camels amounted to one hundred. At this point the arrow showed the camels, consequently they were all slaughtered (to the satisfaction of Hubal) instead of his son. The slaughtered camels were left for anyone to eat from, human or animal.

• Wannan lamari ya haifar da canji a adadin diyyar jini da aka saba karɓa a Larabawa. Ya kasance raƙumi goma, amma bayan wannan lamari sai aka ƙara shi zuwa ɗari. Daga baya, Musulunci ya amince da wannan. Wani abu kuma mai alaƙa sosai da batun da ke sama shi ne cewa Annabi ﷺ ya taɓa cewa: